Salon Fundamentals Ch. 13

Front 1

Primary Colors

Back 1

Yellow, red, and blue; cannot be created by mixing together any other colors.

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Secondary Colors

Back 2

Orange, green, and violet; when primary colors are mixed in varying proportions; orange contains varying amounts of red and yellow; green contains varying proportions of blur and yellow, and violet contains varying proportions of red and blue.

Front 3

Complementary Colors

Back 3

Colors found opposite one another in the color wheel; in hair color they neutralize or cancel or cancel out one another when they are mixed together; used to neutralize unwanted tones.

Front 4

Melanin

Back 4

A pigment that gives skin and hair their color.

Front 5

Non-Oxidative Colors

Back 5

Hair colors that contain no developers.

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Oxidative Colors

Back 6

Hair color containing developers (oxidant).

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Temporary Colors

Back 7

Used to create temporary changes that last from shampoo to shampoo; non-reactive, direct dyes, which means no chemicals are needed to develop them.

Front 8

Aniline Derivatives Tints

Back 8

Permanent hair colors that penetrate the cuticle and the cortex, remaining in the hair until they are removed by chemical means or the hair grows out and is cut off.

Front 9

Paraphenylene Diamine

Back 9

Primary ingredient in permanent hair colors. (Chemical)

Front 10

Semi-Permanent

Back 10

Direct-dye colors that need to mixing; the color you see in the bottle is the color deposited on the hair; alkaline and generally last through several shampoos, depending on the porosity of the hair; deposit color and cannot lighten the hair.

Front 11

Fillers

Back 11

Provide an even base color by filling in porous, damaged or abused areas with materials such as protein or polymers; they equalize the porosity of the hair and deposit a base color in one application.

Front 12

Lighteners

Back 12

Also called bleachers; used to remove or diffuse melanin; utilize ingredients, such as ammonia and peroxide, to facilitate the oxidation process; generally applied to dry hair; come in oil or cream form (on-the-scalp lighteners) or powder form (off-the-scalp lighteners).

Front 13

Developers

Back 13

Referred to as a catalyst or conductor; oxidating agents used with Demi-preeminent and preeminent color, lighteners and toners; hydrogen peroxide is the most common developer.

Front 14

Vegetable Dyes

Back 14

Natural products to color the hair; henna is an example of a vegetable dye that produces reddish highlights in the hair; considered a less professional category of hair color.

Front 15

Metallic Dyes

Back 15

Hair dyes containing metals; also know as progressive dyes because the hair turns darker with each application.

Front 16

Compound Dyes

Back 16

Combination of metallic and vegetable dyes; metallic salts are added to vegetable dyes to create a wider range of colors and a longer lasting color than achieved with vegetable dyes alone.

Front 17

Predisposition Test (Skin Patch Test)

Back 17

Because allergies to aniline tints are unpredictable, manufacturer labels prescribe a patch test to be given 24 hours before any application.

Front 18

Strand Test

Back 18

A preliminary color test performed 24-48 hours before the actual hair color service; the intended color formula is mixed and applied to a section of hair to predict the final results.