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63 Cards in this Set

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Systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources

Research

1.introduction to Research

Argue that the ideas, and even the particular identity of a researcher influences what they observe and therefore impacts upon what they conclude.

Post-positivist research

Researchers believe that the experience expressed through words can paint a better picture of a certain phenomena

Constructivist Research

Researchers support the idea that research should be conducted to increase quality of life and produce better societies

Transformative Research

Researchers promotes the use of both quantitative Ang qualitative research

Pragmatic Research

5 Research Process

Conceptual Phase


Design phase


Empirical Phase


analytical Phase


Dissemination Phase

Concept making (Research Process)

Conceptualization Phase

Planning (Research Process)

Design Phase

Data Collection (research process)

Empirical Phase

Data Analysis/interpretation (Research Process)

Analytical Phase

Utilization (Research Process)

Dissemination Phase

Deals in numbers, logic, and an objective stance.

Quantitative Research

Aim to gather an in-depth understanding of human behavior

Qualitative Research

Collecting both quanti and quali data

Mixed Approach

Manuscripts are written in by chapters

Traditional Research Format

IMRAD STANDS FOR?

Introduction, Method, Results and Discussion

APA STANDS FOR?

American Psychological Association

OLFU-RDIC STANDS FOR?

Our Lady of Fatima University Research Development and Innovation Center

Can either be experimental or non-experimental

Qualitative Research

Established causality and often used when an intervention is being studied

Experimental

Only established association or connection between variables

Non-Experimental

Most common method used for quantitative study

Survey Research

Collects data from a population through observation, survey or interview at a specific point in time.

Cross-Sectional

Collects data of the same subjects over a period of time that can last

Longitudinal

Determine the relationship between two variables. It does not prove cause and effect

Correlation Research

Comparisons are based on descriptive data, showing that a difference exists but does not imply causation

Comparative Research

Defined as anything that has a quantity or quality that varies.

Variable

Two types of variable

Independent and dependent variables

Presumed as the cause

Independent variable

Presumed at the effect

Dependent Variable

Clear statement of an inquiry or gap that needs to be addressed through a systematic approach

Research Problem

It is an analysis and synthesis of articles related to the research

RRL

RRL STANDS FOR?

Review related literature

RRS STANDS FOR?

Review related space

Two types of literature

Research Literature and Non-Research Literature

Based on research findings

Research Literature

Not based on research findings

Non-Research references

Refer to description of studies written by the researchers themselves

Primary Source

Are description of studies written by someone else

Secondary Source

Both a signpost and an acknowledgement

Citation

5 types of plagiarism

Words


Structure


Ideas


Authorship


Self

Relationship between or among the variablez under investigation

Hypothesis

This is to further clarify the purpose of the study

Definition of terms

Two types of definition of terms

Conceptual and operational definition

Abstract or theoretical terms; May be taken from a dictionary

Conceptual Definition

Links a concept to the concrete world

Operational definition

Specific procedures or techniques used to identify, select, process, and analyze information about a topic

Methodology

Discuss the approach and design used in the study

Research Design

Geographic characteristics of the place of study

Research Locale

Researcher can at least that the study was conducted with consideration to the right of the human subjects they will involve in the study

Research Ethics

Used in the study must be described in detail here. Mention the number of parts. The types of questions

Research Instrument

The statistical tests in the study will be mentioned here

Data analysis

Usually existing tool or research Instrument which are commonly available for use of researchers in a specific field.

Research Instrument

The process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest

Data collection

Can be counted or measured in numerical values. Uses statistics

Quantitative Data

Information cannot be counted. Usually subjective in nature

Qualitative Data

Ask close-ended questions with provided options

Surveys

In collecting quantitative data, it is more structured than when gathering qualitative data

Interviews

Systematic that can be used to collect data

Observation

Involves manipulation of independent variable.

Experiment

Conducted in a confined, closed and controlled environment

Laboratory Experiments

This takes a place in the where the data collector may still control the variable up to a certain extent

Field Experiments

Data collector has no control over the independent variable. It cannot be manipulated

Natural Experiments