Psych Quiz-Perception/sensation

Front 1

sensory signals are transformed into neural impulses which travel to the thalamus (except smell)

Back 1

transduction

Front 2

decreasing responsiveness to stimuli due to constant stimulation

Back 2

sensory adaptation

Front 3

can only focus on one thing at a time unless a sense carries meaning, then focuses change

Back 3

selective attention

Front 4

brightness of objects

Back 4

intensity

Front 5

determines hue

Back 5

wavelength

Front 6

color

Back 6

hue

Front 7

light enters the eye

Back 7

cornea

Front 8

like the shutter of a camera, the iris opens, closes based on how much light should enter it

Back 8

pupil

Front 9

muscles that open/close the pupil to let more/less light in

Back 9

iris

Front 10

this is curved to accommodate and focus

Back 10

lens

Front 11

inverted image is projected

Back 11

retina

Front 12

night vision- black and white

Back 12

rods

Front 13

we see in color

Back 13

cones

Front 14

center of the retina, contains high concentration of cones

Back 14

fovea

Front 15

specific parts of the brain that detect form, shape, horizontal lines, etc.

Back 15

feature detectors

Front 16

3 types of cones in retina; blue, green, red=primary colors of light

Back 16

trichromatic theory

Front 17

red/green, yellow/blue, black/white pairs. explains color blindness and afterimages.

Back 17

opponent-process theory

Front 18

height of wave = loudness

Back 18

amplitude

Front 19

length of wave = pitch

Back 19

frequency

Front 20

sound waves from the right arrive in the right ear before the left ear

Back 20

sound localization

Front 21

order in which sound waves travel through the ear

Back 21

ear canal, eardrum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, cochlea

Front 22

structure shaped like a snail's shell filled with fluid, where transduction occurs

Back 22

cochlea

Front 23

conductive vs. nerve deafness

Back 23

conductive = mechanical problem, nerve = damaged by loud noises

Front 24

explains how we experience pain (endorphones swing gate open and messages sent to brain)

Back 24

gate-control theory

Front 25

taste buds are located here

Back 25

papillae

Front 26

what we taste is combination of both chemical systems

Back 26

taste and smell

Front 27

tells us about how our body is positioned

Back 27

vestibular sense

Front 28

where our body parts are

Back 28

kinesthetic sense

Front 29

smallest amount of stimulus we can detect 50% of the time

Back 29

absolute threshold

Front 30

stimulation below threshold

Back 30

subliminal

Front 31

smallest amount of change in a stimulus that is detectable

Back 31

difference threshold

Front 32

change needs to occur in proportion

Back 32

weber's law

Front 33

when we have stimuli happening at the same time we tend to detect the one that is most important to us

Back 33

signal detection theory

Front 34

we perceive things by filling in gaps often using background knowledge

Back 34

top-down processing (perception)

Front 35

mental representation of how we perceive the world

Back 35

schemata

Front 36

a mental predisposition to perceieve one thing and not another

Back 36

perceptual set

Front 37

use only the features of objects to perceive

Back 37

bottom-up processing (sensation)

Front 38

part of visual image is the figure and part is the background

Back 38

figure ground illusion

Front 39

perceptual grouping to make objects meaningful

Back 39

gestalt rules

Front 40

objects closer perceived to be grouped

Back 40

proximity

Front 41

objects similar in appearance are grouped

Back 41

similarity

Front 42

objects with continuous form

Back 42

continuity

Front 43

filling in gaps

Back 43

closure

Front 44

seeing objects as connected if they meet

Back 44

connectedness

Front 45

our ability to maintain a constant perception of an object despite changes in angle, light, distance, etc.

Back 45

constancy

Front 46

a series of lights turned on and off at a particular rate appear to be one moving light

Back 46

phi phenomenon

Front 47

measures when an infant develops depth perception

Back 47

visual cliff

Front 48

require only one eye for depth

Back 48

monocular cues

Front 49

railroad tracks being drawn as in the distance

Back 49

linear perspective

Front 50

larger=closer (depth cue)

Back 50

relative size

Front 51

objects blocking must be closer

Back 51

interposition

Front 52

see details=closer (depth cue)

Back 52

texture gradient

Front 53

looking at 3-D objects requires both eyes for depth

Back 53

binocular cues

Front 54

each eye sees slightly different view of object

Back 54

retinal dispartiy

Front 55

as object gets closer to face, moves eyes towards one another

Back 55

convergence

Front 56

perceptual illusions dealing with which line is longer

Back 56

muller-lyer illusion