Psych Test Bank 1 Chapter 15

Front 1

Mental health therapies that involve prescribed drugs or other procedures that act directly on a patient's nervous system are

A) cognitive therapies.

B) behavior therapies.

C) biomedical therapies.

D) psychodynamic therapies.

Back 1

C) biomedical therapies.

Front 2

A therapist who takes an eclectic approach is one who

A) prescribes the use of drugs as part of psychotherapy.
B) emphasizes that active listening is the major technique in all effective therapies.
C) prefers to engage in therapy in a group setting.
D) uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic approaches.

Back 2

D) uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic approaches.

Front 3

The first psychological therapy was introduced by

A) Joseph Wolpe.

B) Sigmund Freud.

C) Aaron Beck.

D) Carl Rogers.

Back 3

B) Sigmund Freud

Front 4

Which of the following therapists would most likely try to understand an adult's psychological disorder by exploring that person's childhood experiences?

A) a psychoanalyst

B) a behavior therapist

C) a humanistic therapist

D) a cognitive therapist

Back 4

A) a psychoanalyst

Front 5

A central therapeutic technique of psychoanalysis is

A) stress inoculation training.

B) systematic desensitization.

C) active listening.

D) free association.

Back 5

D) free association.

Front 6

An important component of psychoanalysis is

A) active listening.

B) dream analysis.

C) spontaneous recovery.

D) systematic desensitization.

Back 6

B) dream analysis.

Front 7

Transference refers to a client's

A) conversion of psychological conflicts into physical and behavioral disorders.
B) expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier life relationships.
C) replacement of self-centeredness with a genuine concern for others.
D) translation of threatening dream content into nonthreatening manifest symbols.

Back 7

B) expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier life relationships.

Front 8

In the United States, managed health care has severely limited the length of mental health services that may be covered by insurance. This is particularly likely to discourage the widespread practice of

A) virtual reality exposure therapy.

B) behavior modification.

C) cognitive therapies.

D) psychoanalysis.

Back 8

D) psychoanalysis.

Front 9

Insight therapies aim to improve psychological functioning by

A) discouraging patients from using antidepressant drugs.
B) using progressive relaxation to reduce patients' anxiety.
C) increasing patients' awareness of their own motives and defenses.
D) using personality tests to accurately diagnose patients' difficulties.

Back 9

C) increasing patients' awareness of their own motives and defenses.

Front 10

Unlike psychoanalytic therapists, humanistic therapists tend to focus on the ________ more than the ________.

A) present; future

B) past; present

C) present; past

D) past; future

Back 10

C) present; past

Front 11

Instead of focusing on the cure of psychological disorders, ________ therapies seek to promote personal growth and self-fulfillment.

A) psychodynamic

B) biomedical

C) behavior

D) humanistic

Back 11

D) humanistic

Front 12

An important feature of client-centered therapy is

A) systematic desensitization.

B) transference.

C) free association.

D) active listening.

Back 12

D) active listening.

Front 13

Carl Rogers referred to a caring, nonjudgmental attitude as

A) active listening.

B) free association.

C) unconditional positive regard.

D) positive reinforcement.

Back 13

C) unconditional positive regard.

Front 14

Relaxing one muscle group after another until one achieves a completely relaxed state of comfort is called ________relaxation.

A) simulated

B) systematic

C) progressive

D) unconditional

Back 14

C) progressive

Front 15

Virtual reality exposure therapy is a form of

A) stress inoculation training.

B) aversive conditioning.

C) systematic desensitization.

D) transference.

Back 15

C) systematic desensitization

Front 16

In treating alcohol dependency, therapists have clients consume alcohol that contains a nausea-producing drug. This technique is known as

A) operant conditioning.

B) systematic desensitization.

C) aversive conditioning.

D) transference.

Back 16

C) aversive conditioning.

Front 17

Reinforcing desired behaviors and withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors is most central to the process of

A) classical conditioning.
B) light exposure therapy.

C) behavior modification.

D) progressive relaxation.

Back 17

C) behavior modification.

Front 18

Praising socially withdrawn children when they have eye contact with others and ignoring them after a temper tantrum best illustrates an application of

A) cognitive therapy.
B) facilitated communication.

C) operant conditioning.

D) unconditional positive regard.

Back 18

C) operant conditioning.

Front 19

A procedure that trains people to make new responses to stimuli that currently trigger unwanted responses is called

A) light exposure therapy.

B) transference.

C) counterconditioning.

D) unconditional positive regard.

Back 19

C) counterconditioning.

Front 20

A token economy represents an application of the principles of

A) operant conditioning.
B) systematic desensitization.

C) humanistic therapy.

D) classical conditioning.

Back 20

A) operant conditioning.

Front 21

Which therapeutic approach emphasizes that people are often disturbed because of their negative interpretations of events?

A) client-centered therapy

B) systematic desensitization

C) cognitive therapy

D) light exposure therapy

Back 21

C) cognitive therapy

Front 22

An integrated therapy that aims to modify both self-defeating thinking and maladaptive actions is known as

A) light exposure therapy.

B) meta-analysis.

C) psychopharmacology.

D) cognitive-behavior therapy.

Back 22

D) cognitive-behavior therapy.

Front 23

Which form of therapy is most likely to emphasize the importance of examining a person's role within a social system?

A) cognitive therapy

B) psychoanalysis

C) family therapy

D) client-centered therapy

Back 23

C) family therapy

Front 24

People often enter psychotherapy during a period of crisis in their lives. This helps us understand why they

A) prefer behavior therapies over other forms of treatment.
B) seldom block anxiety-laden thoughts from consciousness.
C) tend to overestimate the effectiveness of their psychotherapy.
D) claim to receive the most effective treatment from highly experienced clinicians.

Back 24

C) tend to overestimate the effectiveness of their psychotherapy

Front 25

The placebo effect refers to

A) relief from symptoms without psychotherapy.
B) the alleviation of depression and anxiety by means of aerobic exercise.
C) the use of drugs in the therapeutic treatment of psychological disorders.
D) the beneficial consequences of merely expecting that a treatment will be effective.

Back 25

D) the beneficial consequences of merely expecting that a treatment will be effective.

Front 26

The placebo effect typically leads us to ________ the effectiveness of therapy, and regression toward the mean typically leads us to ________ the effectiveness of therapy.

A) overestimate; underestimate
B) underestimate; overestimate

C) overestimate; overestimate

D) underestimate; underestimate

Back 26

C) overestimate; overestimate

Front 27

Unusual ESP subjects who defy chance when first tested nearly always lose their “psychic powers” when retested. This decline effect is best explained in terms of

A) rTMS.

B) progression relaxation.

C) regression toward the mean.

D) the placebo effect.

Back 27

C) regression toward the mean.

Front 28

Meta-analysis refers to

A) a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different studies.
B) the use of a variety of therapeutic techniques in the treatment of a single client.
C) counseling and treatment of troubled individuals by friends, family, and other nonprofessionals.
D) the technique of simply rephrasing much of what a client says during the course of therapy.

Back 28

A) a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different studies.

Front 29

Which form of psychotherapy is especially effective in coping with depression and reducing suicide risk?

A) facilitated communication

B) behavior therapy

C) psychoanalysis

D) cognitive therapy

Back 29

D) cognitive therapy

Front 30

Which of the following scientifically unsupported treatment approaches should be avoided?

A) stress inoculation training
B) virtual reality exposure therapy

C) facilitated communication

D) aversive conditioning

Back 30

C) facilitated communication

Front 31

Dr. Miller prescribes drugs for the treatment of chronic depression, and she encourages rest and relaxation training for clients suffering from excessive anxiety. It is most likely that Dr. Miller is a

A) clinical social worker.

B) cognitive therapist.

C) psychiatrist.

D) client-centered therapist.

Back 31

C) psychiatrist.

Front 32

One group of ocean voyagers is given a new but untested pill for seasickness and a second group is given an inactive pill. Neither the voyagers nor the experimental researchers know which group has received the new pill. In this experiment, the investigators are making use of

A) systematic desensitization.

B) meta-analysis.

C) counterconditioning.

D) the double-blind technique.

Back 32

D) the double-blind technique.

Front 33

Tardive dyskinesia is often associated with long-term use of drugs that occupy certain ________ receptor sites.

A) serotonin

B) norepinephrine

C) acetylcholine

D) dopamine

Back 33

D) dopamine

Front 34

After discontinuing heavy use of an antianxiety drug, Angela experienced increased anxiety and difficulty sleeping. Angela was experiencing symptoms of

A) withdrawal.

B) transference.

C) tardive dyskinesia.

D) serotonin reuptake inhibition.

Back 34

A) withdrawal.

Front 35

One good alternative to antidepressant drugs is

A) aerobic exercise.

B) psychosurgery.

C) virtual reality exposure therapy.

D) EMDR.

Back 35

A) aerobic exercise.

Front 36

Which of the following procedures is most likely to result in a loss of memory?

A) aversive conditioning
B) the double-blind technique

C) systematic desensitization

D) electroconvulsive therapy

Back 36

D) electroconvulsive therapy

Front 37

Deep-brain stimulation has been reported to provide relief from

A) dissociative disorders.

B) phobias.

C) schizophrenia.

D) depression.

Back 37

D) depression.

Front 38

Psychosurgery involves

A) passing an electric current through the entire brain.
B) injecting lithium directly into the limbic system.

C) removing or destroying brain tissue.

D) all of these procedures.

Back 38

C) removing or destroying brain tissue.

Front 39

The least used biomedical intervention for changing behavior is

A) aversive conditioning.

B) electroconvulsive therapy.

C) psychosurgery.

D) drug therapy.

Back 39

C) psychosurgery.

Front 40

Professor Bensfield emphasizes that recovery from bipolar disorder involves a continuous interplay among patients' physical reactions to mood-stabilizing drugs, their positive expectations that their lives will improve, and the supportive responses of patients' families and friends. The professor's emphasis best illustrates a(n) ________ approach to therapy.

A) psychodynamic

B) client-centered

C) biopsychosocial

D) operant conditioning

Back 40

C) biopsychosocial