Psych Test Bank 1 Chapter 10

Front 1

Joni claims that she is intellectually gifted because she “possesses” an IQ of 145. She is most clearly committing the error known as

A) heritability.

B) the Flynn effect.

C) reification.

D) stereotype threat.

Back 1

C) reification.

Front 2

Experts would most likely agree that intelligence is a(n)

A) inborn ability to perform well on standard intelligence tests.
B) mental ability to learn from experience.
C) general trait that underlies success on nearly any task.
D) multiple array of completely independent adaptive traits.

Back 2

B) mental ability to learn from experience.

Front 3

Spearman's g factor refers to

A) the genetic contribution to intelligence.
B) a general intelligence that underlies successful performance on a wide variety of tasks.
C) a highly developed skill or talent possessed by an otherwise mentally retarded person.
D) the ability to understand and regulate emotions.

Back 3

B) a general intelligence that underlies successful performance on a wide variety of tasks.

Front 4

To assess whether intelligence is a single trait or a collection of several distinct abilities, psychologists have made extensive use of

A) the normal curve.

B) the Flynn effect.

C) standardization.

D) factor analysis

Back 4

D) factor analysis

Front 5

In 8 to 10 seconds, memory whiz Kim Peek can read and remember the contents of a book page. Yet, he has little capacity for understanding abstract concepts. Kim's mental capacities best illustrate

A) autism.

B) Down syndrome.

C) emotional intelligence.

D) savant syndrome

Back 5

D) savant syndrome

Front 6

Those who define intelligence as academic aptitude are most likely to criticize

A) Spearman's concept of general intelligence.
B) Binet's concept of mental age.

C) Gardner's concept of multiple intelligences.

D) Sternberg's concept of analytical intelligence.

Back 6

C) Gardner's concept of multiple intelligences.

Front 7

The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas is called

A) convergent thinking.

B) savant syndrome.

C) factor analysis.

D) creativity

Back 7

D) creativity

Front 8

Generating multiple possible answers to a problem illustrates

A) the Flynn effect.

B) divergent thinking.

C) predictive validity.

D) factor analysis.

Back 8

B) divergent thinking.

Front 9

Intrinsic motivation is thought to be an important component of

A) creativity.

B) predictive validity.

C) savant syndrome.

D) the g factor.

Back 9

A) creativity.

Front 10

The most creative scientists are those who

A) investigate issues about which they have very little previous knowledge.

B) are intrinsically motivated to solve problems.
C) have little tolerance for ambiguity.
D) demonstrate low levels of practical intelligence

Back 10

B) are intrinsically motivated to solve problems.

Front 11

When Professor McGuire asks her students to answer questions in class, she can quickly tell from their facial expressions whether they are happy to participate. Professor McGuire's perceptual skill best illustrates

A) analytical intelligence.

B) divergent thinking.

C) emotional intelligence.

D) factor analysis.

Back 11

C) emotional intelligence.

Front 12

As adults age, the size of their brains ________ and their nonverbal intelligence test scores ________.

A) increases; decrease

B) decreases; increase

C) increases; increase

D) decreases; decrease

Back 12

D) decreases; decrease

Front 13

Postmortem brain analyses reveal that highly educated people have ________ when they die than do their less educated counterparts.

A) less neural plasticity

B) more synapses

C) less gray matter

D) more reification

Back 13

B) more synapses

Front 14

Precocious 12- to 14-year-old college students with unusually high levels of verbal intelligence are most likely to

A) retrieve information from memory at an unusually rapid speed.
B) perform at only an average level on tests of mathematical aptitude.
C) experience less loneliness and achieve happier marriages than the average college student.
D) demonstrate unusually high levels of the practical managerial intelligence common to successful business executives

Back 14

A) retrieve information from memory at an unusually rapid speed

Front 15

Studies suggest that there is a positive correlation between intelligence and the brain's

A) rate of glucose consumption.
B) production of endorphins.
C) neural processing speed.
D) ability to process language in the right rather than the left hemisphere.

Back 15

C) neural processing speed.

Front 16

The nineteenth-century English scientist Sir Francis Galton believed that

A) mental abilities cannot be measured.
B) superior intelligence is biologically inherited.
C) academic aptitude involves divergent rather than convergent thinking.
D) intelligence test performance depends on motivation rather than ability.

Back 16

B) superior intelligence is biologically inherited.

Front 17

Binet and Simon designed a test of intellectual abilities in order to

A) provide a quantitative estimate of inherited intellectual potential.
B) distinguish between academic and practical intelligence.
C) identify children likely to have difficulty learning in regular school classes.
D) assess general capacity for goal directed adaptive behavior.

Back 17

C) identify children likely to have difficulty learning in regular school classes.

Front 18

To determine whether a child's intellectual development was fast or slow, Binet and Simon assessed the child's

A) divergent thinking.

B) emotional intelligence.

C) mental age.

D) intrinsic motivation

Back 18

C) mental age.

Front 19

Five-year-old Wilbur performs on an intelligence test at a level characteristic of an average 4-year-old. Wilbur's mental age is

A) 4.

B) 4.5.

C) 5.

D) 80

Back 19

A) 4.

Front 20

For the original version of the Stanford-Binet, IQ was defined as

A) mental age multiplied by 100.
B) chronological age subtracted from mental age and multiplied by 100.
C) chronological age divided by mental age and multiplied by 100.
D) mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by 100

Back 20

D) mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by 100

Front 21

In the early twentieth century, the U.S. government developed intelligence tests to evaluate newly arriving immigrants. Poor test scores among immigrants who were not of Anglo-Saxon heritage were attributed by some psychologists of that day to

A) stereotype threat.

B) innate mental inferiority.

C) savant syndrome.

D) divergent thinking.

Back 21

B) innate mental inferiority.

Front 22

Tests designed to predict ability to learn new skills are called

A) interest inventories.

B) factor analytic measures.

C) standardized assessments.

D) aptitude tests.

Back 22

D) aptitude tests.

Front 23

A test of your capacity to learn to be an automobile mechanic would be considered a(n) ________ test.

A) reliability

B) achievement

C) aptitude

D) intelligence

Back 23

C) aptitude

Front 24

Achievement tests are designed to

A) measure the desire and potential capacity to successfully meet challenges.
B) assess ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.
C) compare an individual's personality with those of highly successful people.
D) assess learned knowledge or skills

Back 24

D) assess learned knowledge or skills

Front 25

The written exam for a driver's license would most likely be considered a(n) ________ test.

A) achievement

B) reliability

C) aptitude

D) intelligence

Back 25

A) achievement

Front 26

If a test is standardized, this means that

A) it accurately measures what it is intended to measure.
B) a person's test performance can be compared with that of a representative pretested group.
C) most test scores will cluster near the average.
D) the test will yield consistent results when administered on different occasions.

Back 26

B) a person's test performance can be compared with that of a representative pretested group.

Front 27

The distribution of intelligence test scores in the general population forms a bell-shaped pattern. This pattern is called a

A) standardization sample.

B) reliability coefficient.

C) factor analysis.

D) normal curve.

Back 27

D) normal curve.

Front 28

About ________ percent of WAIS scores fall between 85 and 115.

A) 30

B) 50

C) 68

D) 96

Back 28

C) 68

Front 29

It would be reasonable to suggest that the Flynn effect is due in part to

A) the deteriorating quality of parental involvement in children's education.
B) increasingly improved childhood health and nutrition.
C) the decreasing reliance on a single test score as an index of mental aptitudes.
D) the failure to restandardize existing intelligence tests.

Back 29

B) increasingly improved childhood health and nutrition.

Front 30

If a test yields consistent results every time it is used, it has a high degree of

A) standardization.

B) predictive validity.

C) reliability.

D) content validity.

Back 30

C) reliability.

Front 31

A test that measures or predicts what it is supposed to is said to have a high degree of

A) validity.

B) standardization.

C) reliability.

D) the g factor

Back 31

A) validity.

Front 32

If a road test for a driver's license adequately samples the tasks a driver routinely faces, the test is said to have

A) reliability.

B) a normal distribution.

C) content validity.

D) intrinsic motivation.

Back 32

C) content validity.

Front 33

Some studies indicate that a rough indicator of infants' later intelligence is their

A) birth weight.
B) readiness to sit up at an early age.
C) readiness to crawl at an early age.
D) preference for looking at a new rather than an old picture

Back 33

A) birth weight.

Front 34

Intelligence scores are most likely to be stable over a one-year period for a

A) preschool student whose intelligence test score is 80.
B) second-grade student whose intelligence test score is 125.
C) sixth-grade student whose intelligence test score is 115.
D) tenth-grade student whose intelligence test score is 95.

Back 34

D) tenth-grade student whose intelligence test score is 95.

Front 35

Women scoring in the highest 25 percent on the Scottish national intelligence test at age 11 tended to ________ than those who scored in the lowest 25 percent.

A) live longer

B) be less creative

C) talk at an earlier age

D) experience more stereotype threat

Back 35

A) live longer

Front 36

Individuals with Down syndrome are

A) unlikely to show obvious signs of mental retardation.
B) mentally retarded due to neglect during infancy.
C) mentally retarded, except for one specific ability in which they excel.
D) born with an extra chromosome.

Back 36

D) born with an extra chromosome.

Front 37

Over the past 50 or so years, children with mental retardation have increasingly been likely to

A) have difficulty adapting to the normal demands of independent living.
B) be diagnosed as having a chromosomal abnormality.
C) demonstrate symptoms of savant syndrome.
D) be mainstreamed into regular school classrooms

Back 37

D) be mainstreamed into regular school classrooms

Front 38

Terman's observations of 1500 California children with IQ scores over 135 contradicted the popular notion that intellectually gifted children are typically

A) socially maladjusted.

B) physically healthy.

C) verbally skilled.

D) in a different world.

Back 38

A) socially maladjusted.

Front 39

“Gifted child” programs can lead to ______ by implicitly labeling some students as “ungifted” and isolating them from an enriched educational environment.

A) divergent thinking

B) the Flynn effect

C) factor analysis

D) self-fulfilling prophecies

Back 39

D) self-fulfilling prophecies

Front 40

The similarity between the intelligence test scores of identical twins raised apart is

A) less than that between children and their biological parents.
B) equal to that between identical twins reared together.
C) equal to that between fraternal twins reared together.
D) greater than that between ordinary siblings reared together.

Back 40

D) greater than that between ordinary siblings reared together.

Front 41

The heritability of intelligence refers to

A) the extent to which an individual's intelligence is attributable to genetic factors.
B) the percentage of variation in intelligence within a group that is attributable to genetic factors.
C) the extent to which a group's intelligence is attributable to genetic factors.
D) a general underlying intelligence factor that is measured by every task on an intelligence test.

Back 41

B) the percentage of variation in intelligence within a group that is attributable to genetic factors.

Front 42

Babies in an Iranian orphanage suffered delayed intellectual development due to

A) critical periods.

B) telegraphic speech.

C) a deprived environment.

D) savant syndrome.

Back 42

C) a deprived environment.

Front 43

The “Mozart effect” refers to the now-discounted finding that cognitive ability is boosted by

A) hybrid vigor.

B) nutritional supplements.

C) Head Start programs.

D) listening to classical music

Back 43

D) listening to classical music

Front 44

Interventions that promote intelligence teach early teens that the brain is like a muscle that strengthens with use. This idea is designed to encourage the teens to view intelligence as

A) a reflection of the g factor.
B) a biologically determined capacity.

C) changeable over time.

D) distributed in a bell-shaped pattern

Back 44

C) changeable over time.

Front 45

Girls are most likely to outperform boys in a

A) grammar test.
B) mathematical reasoning test.

C) computer programming contest.

D) chess tournament.

Back 45

A) grammar test.

Front 46

Research suggests that women are more skilled than men at

A) avoiding emotional uncertainty.
B) preventing emotions from distorting reasoning.
C) interpreting others' facial expressions of emotion.
D) delaying emotional gratification in pursuit of long-term goals

Back 46

C) interpreting others' facial expressions of emotion.

Front 47

Males are most likely to outnumber females in a class designed for high school students highly gifted in

A) reading.

B) speech.

C) math problem solving.

D) a foreign language.

Back 47

C) math problem solving.

Front 48

Exposure to high levels of male sex hormones during prenatal development is most likely to facilitate the subsequent development of

A) savant syndrome.

B) spatial abilities.

C) verbal fluency.

D) emotional intelligence.

Back 48

B) spatial abilities.

Front 49

Boys are most likely to outperform girls in a

A) chess tournament.

B) speed-reading tournament.

C) spelling bee.

D) speech-giving contest.

Back 49

A) chess tournament.

Front 50

The intelligence test scores of today's better-fed population ________ the scores of the 1930s population.

A) are higher than

B) are lower than

C) are equal to

D) can't be compared with

Back 50

A) are higher than

Front 51

Everyone would agree that intelligence tests are “biased” in the sense that

A) test performance is influenced by cultural experiences.
B) the reliability of intelligence tests is close to zero.
C) the heritability of intelligence is very high.
D) numerical scores of intelligence serve to dehumanize individuals.

Back 51

A) test performance is influenced by cultural experiences.

Front 52

Jim, age 55, plays basketball with much younger adults and is concerned that his teammates might consider his age to be a detriment to their game outcome. His concern actually undermines his athletic performance. This best illustrates the impact of

A) the Flynn effect.

B) divergent thinking.

C) extrinsic motivation.

D) stereotype threat

Back 52

D) stereotype threat

Front 53

Intelligence tests have effectively reduced discrimination in the sense that they have

A) avoided questions that require familiarity with any specific culture.
B) helped limit reliance on educators' subjectively biased judgments of students' academic potential.
C) provided an objective measure of teaching effectiveness in different public school systems.
D) demonstrated that the g factor underlies a variety of intellectual skills.

Back 53

B) helped limit reliance on educators' subjectively biased judgments of students' academic potential.

Front 54

The characteristics of savant syndrome most directly suggest that intelligence is

A) a diverse set of distinct abilities.
B) largely unpredictable and unmeasurable.

C) a culturally constructed concept.

D) dependent upon the speed of cognitive processing.

Back 54

A) a diverse set of distinct abilities.