Psyc 566 Final Exam

Front 1

euphemism

Back 1

substitute a more offensive word for a less offensive word
Instead of saying you are fired… we are down-sizing

Chapman, et al. (2003)—Dr. Talk
Using euphemisms can cause confusion—people don’t know how dire their situations were

Front 2

double speak

Back 2

beating around the bush without ever actually answering the question

Front 3

vivid language

Back 3

o Smith & Shaffer (2000)
o crunching, shattering, exploding,
o As long as the vivid language you are using is congruent to the message
o It distracts people—if flowery language has nothing to do with the main point of your message it increases cognitive load

Front 4

hesitations

Back 4

(signal uncertainty or anxiety): “Well, I, uh, you know, um, would like to borrow a dollar.”

Front 5

hedges

Back 5

(qualify the utterance in which they occur): “I guess I sort of like you and kind of want to know you.”

Front 6

intensifiers

Back 6

(fortify the utterance): “I really believe that and agree with you very much.”

Front 7

polite forms

Back 7

(indicate deference and subordination): “Excuse me, if you wouldn’t mind too much, I’d appreciate it if you’d please shut the door. Thank you.”

Front 8

tag questions

Back 8

(lessens the force of a declarative sentence): “This is fun, don’t you think? Much more fun than yesterday, isn’t it?

Front 9

disclaimers

Back 9

(utterances offered before a statement that anticipate doubts, signal a problem, or ask for understanding): “I know this is a really dumb questions, but…?”

Front 10

diectic phrases

Back 10

(phrases indicating something outside the speaker’s vicinity): “That man over there is the one who stole my wallet.”

Front 11

immediacy

Back 11

things that increase warmth, closeness, emotional connection
Cues:
• Eye contact
• Smiling—increase immediacy
Caveat: smile too much, ingenuous smile

Front 12

chameleon effect

Back 12

match non-verbal behavior
They will start to do this automatically without even realizing it if the person is attractive
A person that you respect, admire, highly likeable
When person was mimicked –more likeable other and smoother interaction

Front 13

illustrators

Back 13

support a statement that you are making

Front 14

emblem

Back 14

nonverbals with an exact verbal meaning
Culture specific

Front 15

expectancy violation theory

Back 15

 If you stand too far or too close—violating expectation
 If this is somehow rewarding—if they find you pleasant or attractive violations increase violation
 However unattractive or unpleasant—they don’t like this!

Front 16

characteristics of good interrogator

Back 16

 Appearance—professional—business like in appearance
 Objective—they don’t respond emotionally, they never show pleasure, disdain and disgust
 If you make a threat—you should follow through with it if they don’t comply—otherwise credibility is lost
 Make them feel like this is just your job, you have no real personal stake in this

Front 17

phases of interrogation

Back 17

• Opening—assessment (ideological resistance) and rapport
• Recon—cause, extent, & intensity of resistance (don’t rush)
• Detailed Questioning—satisfy objectives; control focus of questioning
• Termination—debriefing (dangers of poor debriefing)—leave person understanding what happened and why it was important

Front 18

interrogation steps

Back 18

1. detect deception
2. shift motivations
3. deplete resources
4. create instability

Front 19

create instability

Back 19

 Creating extreme emotional stress
 Capture
o Capture—minimum of violence, minimum of movement—do this very efficiently
o Timing
o Technique
o Movement—drive in circles so they get confused and disoriented about where they are
o Clothes—ill-fitting baggy clothes
 Isolation
o Physical detention
o Doors—loud and heavy—slam them
o Questioning room—should be significantly nicer than the cell with a chair or something
o You want them to be happy going there—to get to sit in a chair
o Windows—none, or ones you can black out
o Social isolation
o Solitary
o Staff behavior
o Movement-blindfolded, handcuffed
• Doesn’t make it so obvious that you gave information
• You want them to feel completely isolated and alone in their misery
 Disorientation
o Temperature—cold or hot
o Geographic—don’t want them to know where they are
o Circadian disruption—don’t let them sleep

Front 20

induce regression

Back 20

 Dependence
o Maslow’s Hierarchy of Ne
 Dread
o Persistent state of fear is more psychologically disruptive than pain
o It is more emotionally unbalancing

 Debility
• Sleep deprivation
• Stress positions
• Sensory Deprivation