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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What hormones does the hypothalmus secrete?
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TRH, CRH, GnRH, GHRH, SRIF, PIF
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Major actions of TRH?
(thyrotropin-releasing hormone) |
stimulates secretion of TSH and prolactin
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Major actions of CRH?
(corticotropin-releasing hormone) |
stimulates s/c of ACTH
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Major actions of GnRH?
(gonadotropin-releasing hormone) |
stimulates s/c of LH and FSH
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Major actions of GHRH?
(growth hormone releasing hormone) |
stimulates s/c of growth hormone
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Major actions of SRIF?
(somatotropin release-inhibiting factor, aka somatostatin) |
inhibits s/c of growth hormone
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Major actions of PIF?
(prolactin-inhibiting factor, aka dopamine) |
inhibits s/c of prolactin
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What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary?
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TSH, FSH, LH, GH, prolactin, ACTH, MSH
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Major actions of TSH?
(thyroid-stimulating hormone) |
stimulates synthesis and s/c of thyroid hormones
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Major actions of FSH?
(follicle-stimulating hormone) |
stimulates growth of ovarian follicles and estrogen s/c; OR promotes sperm maturation
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Major actions of LH?
(lutenizing hormone) |
stimulates ovulation, formation of corpus luteum, synthesis of estrogen and progesterone; OR stimulates synthesis and s/c of testosterone
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Major actions of GH?
(growth hormone) |
stimulates protein synthesis and overall growth
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Major actions of prolactin?
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stimulates milk production and breast development
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Major actions of ACTH?
(adrenocorticotropic hormone) |
stimulates synthesis and s/c of adrenal cortical hormones
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Major actions of MSH?
(melanocyte-stimulating hormone) |
stimulates melanin synthesis (? humans)
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What test is used to measure hormone concentrations in bodily fluids?
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Radioimmunoassay
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How is a radioimmunoassay performed?
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1. soln w/known amt antibody + known amt radioactively labeled hormone, and UNKNOWN amt of target (unlabeled) hormone
2. labeled and unlabeled hormones compete for antibody binding sites 3. high bound/free radioactive hormone = low conc of unlabeled hormone (and vice versa) |
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What are the intermediates in the synthesis pathway from DNA -> hormone?
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DNA -> mRNA -> preprohormone -> prohormone -> hormone
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Where is the DNA transcribed?
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nucleus
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Where is the mRNA translated? What is the resulting peptide?
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is translated on ribosomes (on RER) in cytoplasm; end result is preprohormone
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What must occur to convert a preprohormone to a prohormone?
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signal peptide binds to RER and is cleaved
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What must occur to convert a prohormone to a hormone?
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prohormone is transferred to golgi and packaged in secretory vessels, additional peptide sequences are cleaved, resulting in final hormone
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What is the precursor for steroid hormones?
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cholesterol
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What is the common derivative of amine hormones?
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tyrosine
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