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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Microdrip |
60 drop set is a microdrip 60 drops = 1mL |
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Macrodrip |
10 drop set is a macrodrip 10 drops = 1mL |
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Choosing an IV site - Criteria |
•Firm, round appearance •Springy when palpated •Avoid joints •Avoid edematous extremities •Avoid extremities with dialysis fistula •Avoid extremities on the side of a mastectomy •Avoid areas of overlying cellulitis |
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Choosing an IV cannula |
The smaller the gauge, the larger the needle 14 -16g - used for aggressive fluid resuscitation 18g - fluid resuscitation (green) 20g - medication administration (pink) 22g medication administration (blue) |
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Inserting the IV cannula |
•Have all your supplies ready •Prep the site •Insert at an angle of aprox. 30 ° then immediately drop the angle down to 15°, advance the cannula a few more mm to ensure the cannula sheath is in the vein, slide the sheath of the needle into the vein and apply pressure to the vein just proximal to the end of the indwelling cannula •Remove the needle •Dispose in sharps container •attach line or lock, ensure patency |
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Securing the line |
Secure Op site over colored IV catheter but not over the IV tubing or lock and tape the area |
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Potential complications of IV therapy |
Local IV site reactions - discontinue the IV and reestablish the IV in the opposite extremity •Infiltration •Thrombophlebitis •Occlusion •Vein irritation •Hematoma •Nerve, tendon, or ligament damage •Arterial puncture |
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Infiltration |
The escape of fluid caused by the IV passing completely through the vein or the cannula entering the tissue surrounding the vein S&S: •Edema at the venipuncture site •Patient complains of pain at the venipuncture site |
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Thrombophlebitis |
Inflammation in the vein caused by lapses in aseptic technique S&S: Pain and tenderness along the vein Redness/edema and venipuncture site |
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Occlusion |
Physical blockage of vein or cannula caused by near empty IV bag, patients BP exceeds infusion pressure, positional IV S&S: •Decreased drip rate or blood in tubing |
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Hematoma |
Accumulation of blood in the tissues surrounding an IV site Blood can be seen rapidly pooling around the IV site (tender and painful). If it occurs, stop and apply direct pressure |
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Systemic complication |
Allergic reactions Pyrogenic reactions Circulatory overload Air embolus |
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Allergic reactions |
Minor or anaphylaxis S&S: •Redness/itching/urticaria •Edema of the face and hands •Shortness of breath, bronchospasm, wheezing •Hypotension |
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Pyrogenic reaction |
Pyrogens
S&S: •Fever/chills/achy •Weakness •Nausea/vomiting •Total vascular collapse and shock (rare) |
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Circulatory overload |
2-3 extra litres S&S: •Dyspnea/crackles in lungs •JVD •Hypertension |
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Air embolus |
S&S: •Onset of dyspnea •Cyanosis despite oxygenation •Anxiety/Decreasing LOC/unresponsive •Respiratory arrest •Decreasing O2 saturation •ETCO2 changes in waveforms and numbers |
