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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pharmacology |
The study of drugs and their interactions with the body |
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Drug |
Chemical used to diagnose, treat or prevent disease |
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Pharmacokinetics |
What the body does to drugs |
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Pharmacolodynamics |
What the drug does to the body |
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Toxicology |
The study of poisonous substances |
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Orphan drug act |
Was passed to motivate development and provision of new, effective drugs for rare diseases |
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Sources of drugs |
•Plants •Animals and humans •Minerals or mineral products •Labratory-produced chemicals •DNA-produced drugs |
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Drug approval process |
When animal studies are successful it then moves on to clinical trials |
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What are the phases of a clinical trial |
Phase 1 - tested in healthy volunteers to compare with animal data, safe doses Phase 2 - 50-300 patients in a double blind study Phase 3 - larger patient group (1000s) lasting several years to evaluate efficacy and side effects Phase 4 - "new drug submission" to HPFB (health products and food branch) |
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Purposes of drug therapy |
1. Diagnosis 2. Treatment 3. Prevention 4. Health maintenance 5. Cure 6. Contraception |
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Drug nomenclature |
1. Chemical 2. Generic 3. Trade |
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What is a drugs chemical name? |
It is the most detailed name and states it's chemical composition and molecular structure
e.g.: 1-methyl-4phenylisonipecotate hydrochloride |
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What is a drugs generic name? |
The name given to a drug prior to it become a trade name (usually suggested by the manufacturer). The generic name should not be capitalized, is available for use by other drugs, and often based on the drugs chemical composition |
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What is a drugs trade name? |
The name given to a drug by a specific manufacturer (sometimes called brand name). It is always capitalized and registed as a trademark so can be identified by ®️ or ™️ |
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Drug standardization |
Drugs must be uniform and consistent in strength when offered on the market |
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Pregnancy safety categories |
A - controlled studies show no risk B - no evidence of risk to humans C - risk cannot be ruled out D - positive evidence of risk but potential benefits may outweigh risks X - contraindicated in pregnancy, risk to fetus outweighs benefit |
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Pediatric considerations |
Pediatric patients may require smaller dosing of medication compared with adults, or smaller amount because of higher concentration |
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Geriatric considerations |
•Geriatric patients may be taking multiple medications (polypharmacy) •Body organs may be slower than normal causing altered effects of medication in the body •Some medication can have narrow therapeutic toxic thresholds |
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Controlled drug and substances act |
Governs the production, registration, distribution and possession of narcotic and controlled substances |
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What does the law state ? (Controlled drug and substances act) |
Controlled substances/narcotics must be: Under lock and key storage and/or kept on the advanced care paramedics person
All narcotics must be accounted for: •Administered •Wasted •Expired •Broken
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