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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the primary mechanism of Parkinson's disease?
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Degeneration of the nigro-striatal dopamenergic neurons
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What are the 4 symptoms of Parkinson's disease?
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Bradykinesia
Resting tremor Postural weakeness Rigidity |
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What are 3 neuro cellular aspects of Parkinsonism?
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-Disinhibition of the indirect pathway
-Inhibition of the direct patheway -Upregulation of dopamine receptors (useful for drugs) |
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What is the pervading treatment for Parkinson's?
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L-DOPA and carbidopa
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What are the 2 newer dopamine receptor agonists?
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Bromocriptine and Peroglide
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What are the 2 older dopamine receptor agonists?
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Ropinirole and Pramipexole
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What is Amantidine?
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A dopamine releasing agent
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Name 2 MAO-B antagonists used in the treatment of Parkinson's
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Selegiline and Deprenyl
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What are some of the other uses for dopaminergic drugs?
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Hyperprolactinemia and elevated GH release
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Why is carbidopa used in conjunction with L-DOPA?
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Because carbidopa increases the halflife and absoebtion of L-DOPA as well as prevents it from affecting body outside the CNS
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What is a common side effect of L-DOPA therapy?
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Dyskinesias, choreaform in nature usually.
This is because the dopamine receptors upregulate over treatment. |
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What are 2 more rare side effects of L-DOPA therapy?
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Schizophrenic like behaviors
Nausea/Vomiting |
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It is common for patients to have an "on-off" phenomenon in L-DOPA therapy. What is used to deal with this?
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A drug holiday should be the first thing considdered.
Be aware that as the rest of the neurons die L-DOPA will lose its effect |
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What is a usage plan for the dopamine receptor agonists?
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Used late in the disease and to reduce the drug holiday effects as they don't affect dopamine release
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What is the common side effect of Ropinerole and Pramipexole?
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Nausea and vomiting
Decreased Impulse control |
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What are the common side effects of bromocriptine?
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Nausea/Vomiting
Hypotension Dyskinesia Psychological Disturbance Decreased impulse control |
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Amantatine should be used when in treatment?
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Early, works for 3-6 months
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MAO-B and COMT inhibitors are used when in Parkinson's treatment
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Early as solo drugs, late in order to reduce the effect of drug holidays
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What is the major toxicity of Taclopone, a COMT inhibitor
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Liver toxicity
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