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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List the 7 pharmacologic ways to relieve constipation
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Bulking Laxatives
Osmotic Laxatives Saline and Mg Salts Stimulant Laxatives Detergent Laxatives Lubricants/Enemas |
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What is the most common bulking laxative?
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Cilluim
Note you need to drink water with it |
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What are the 2 sugar osmotic laxatives?
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Lactulose
Sorbitol |
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What are the salt osmotic laxatives
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MOM
Mg Citrate Sodium Phosphate |
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Mg citrate has some important contraindications, what are they.
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Obstruction
Dehydration Electrolyte Levels Watch carefully in renal/liver/heart failure |
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What are the stimulant laxatives?
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Senna
Bisacodyl |
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What is the detergent laxative?
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Docusate
Note there are no contras, it acts to soften stool |
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What should be the order in which you treat constipation?
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Softeners (Ducusate)
Stimulants/Osmotic sugars Enemas Mag Citrate (last resort due to perf risk) |
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What are the 4 nerve centers that mediate vomiting?
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GI nerves
Chemoreceptors in blood Vestibular input Cortical Input |
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What is the MOA of Metoclopramide? What is its primary indication
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It is a dopamine agonist, it sensitizes the tissue to AcH and closes the LES while opening the pylorus.
This is used in decreased motility (opoids) |
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What are the side effects of Metoclopramide?
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Extrapyrimadal (watch in Parkinson's PT's)
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What is the MOA of Prochlorperazine? What are its indications?
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It is a D2 antagonist and a vagus blocker. It supresses nerve input from the GI.
It is used in opioid related vomiting and infection related vomiting |
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What is the MOA and indication of Promethazine?
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It is an H2 antagonist. It suppresses the vestibular input.
It is used to treat motion sickness but causes drowsiness. |
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What is the MOA and indication for Ondansetron?
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It is a 5HT antagonist and acts both centrally and peripherally.
Its primary indication is in the treatment of chemotherapy and radiation induced vomiting |
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What is Scopalamine's MOA
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It is an anticholinergic used to treat motion sickness
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What use do steroids have in treating vomiting?
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Intercranial inflammation can cause vomiting (think meningitis) the steroids can reduce the inflammation.
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What use do benzos have in treating emisis?
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They can suppress anxiety associated vomiting.
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What acronym is used to describe the treatment options for vomiting?
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VOMIT
Vestibular Obstruction Motility Inflammatory Toxicicity |
