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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is choledochal cyst? |
Cystic dilatation in the common bile duct |
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What is cystic fibrosis? |
Inherited disorder in which mucus secreting organs like the lungs, pancreas, and other digestive organs produce thick and sticky secretions instead of normal secretions. |
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What’s the double bubble sign? |
Classic appearance of duodenal atresia representing the stomach and proximal duodenum |
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Left upper quadrant in the fetus is? |
Fetal Stomach |
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Formula for the abdominal diameter measurement is? |
1.57 X (AD1 + AD2) |
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What’s esophageal atresia? |
Absence of part of the esophagus |
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What’s meconium? |
Fetal stool composed of fetal skin, bile, hair, amniotic fluid |
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What’s Hirschsprung disease? |
Disease that leads to a functional bowel obstruction because of the lack of nerve cells within the colon wall. |
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What’s pentalogy of Cantrell?? |
Group of anomalies that consist of ectopic cordis, omphalocele, anterior diaphragmatic defect, cleft sternum, pericardial defects |
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What’s physiologic bowel herniation? |
Normal developmental stage when the midgut migrates into the base of the umbilical cord. |
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What’s portal HTN? |
Elevated blood pressure within the portal venous system. |
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What’s tracheoesophageal fistula? |
Abnormal connection between the esophagus and the trachea. |
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What’s tracheoesophageal fistula? |
Abnormal connection between the esophagus and the trachea. |
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Fetal gut develops? |
At the end of the 5th menstrual week |
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Abdominal circumference image should include? |
Transverse Thoracic spine, intrahepatic portion of the umbilical vein, and fetal stomach |
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Early embryology osmotic process of amniotic fluid crosses amniotic space freely, then what happens? |
At around 9 weeks, kidneys produce urine, a liquid that eventually comprises most of the amniotic fluid. |
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What’s the flow of amniotic fluid when the baby swallows? |
Baby swallows the AF, goes down the esophagus to stomach then travels to small bowel and into the colon where it is absorbed. |
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What’s the flow of amniotic fluid when the baby swallows? |
Baby swallows the AF, goes down the esophagus to stomach then travels to small bowel and into the colon where it is absorbed. |
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When polyhydramnios is suspected what should the sonographer evaluate? |
Fetal gastrointestinal tract. Look for signs like duodenal atresia, esophageal atresia. |
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Tracheoesophageal fistula is associated 90% of the time with? Sono appearance? What is the associated anomaly that is often present? |
Esophageal atresia Stomach is small or absent. Evidence of polyhydramnios. Duodenal atresia, VACTERL, Down syndrome, intrauterine growth restriction, trisomy 18. |
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What’s duodenal atresia? |
Maldevelopment or absence of the proximal duodenum AKA (prox portion of the small bowel). |
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Duodenal atresia has a sono appearance as? Association with? |
Double bubble sign. Association with Trisomy 21, esophageal atresia, VACTERL, cardiac anomalies and intrauterine growth restriction. |
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What’s the most common abnormality of the fetal liver? It occurs because? |
Hepatomegaly Cause: intrauterine infection, Beckwith Weidemann syndrome, fetal anemia (Rh incompatibility) |
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What’s the most common abnormality of the fetal liver? It occurs because? |
Hepatomegaly Cause: intrauterine infection, Beckwith Weidemann syndrome, fetal anemia (Rh incompatibility) |
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What is a rare abnormality of the fetal biliary tree? |
Choledochal cyst (most common: cystic dilatation of the CBD.) |
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What’s the most common abnormality of the fetal liver? It occurs because? |
Hepatomegaly Cause: intrauterine infection, Beckwith Weidemann syndrome, fetal anemia (Rh incompatibility) |
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What is a rare abnormality of the fetal biliary tree? |
Choledochal cyst (most common: cystic dilatation of the CBD.) |
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Choledochal cysts in utero can lead to? |
Cholangitis, portal HTN, pancreatitis, liver failure. |
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If you see echogenic bowel, what can you do to confirm the echogenicity with your transducer? This finding is linked with? |
Decrease the frequency to less than 5 MHz and decrease overall gain. Linked with cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome, growth restriction, fetal demise, congenital infection: cytomegalovirus and gastrointestinal obstruction. |
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Obstruction of the fetal bowel most often occurs? |
When there is a meconium plug causing the barrier, condition called meconium plug syndrome. |
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Obstruction of the fetal bowel most often occurs? |
When there is a meconium plug causing the barrier, condition called meconium plug syndrome. |
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What is the most common type of colonic atresia that leads to a bowel obstruction? What’s the most common visual? |
Anorectal atresia Dilated fetal rectum |
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For physiologic bowel herniation, the intestines return to the abdome which gest week? |
12th gestational week |
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Gastroschisis and omphalocele are both abdominal wall defects, which one has a better prognosis? |
Gastroschisis has better prognosis after surgery. |
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Gastroschisis and omphalocele are both abdominal wall defects, which one has a better prognosis? |
Gastroschisis has better prognosis after surgery. |
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Gastroschisis is? |
Normal cord insertion into the abdomen. Right sided periumbilical mass. Loops of bowel floating in the amniotic fluid. Elevated MSAFP (more than omphalocele) |
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Omphalocele is? |
Located midline of the abdomen. The umbilical cord will insert into this mass. Entire content is contained and covered by peritoneum and amnion. Ascites noted.if mass contains liver, much poorer prognosis. Elevated MSAFP. |
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Omphalocele is associated with? |
Chromosomal abnormalities, trisomy 13, trisomy 18, Beckwith Weidemann syndrome, cardiac defect, Turner syndrome |
