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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Cerebral Palsy?
W. J. Little suggested the term Cerebral Palsy in the early 1800’s •Distortion in posture and movement control •Non-____ •Category of disability |
progressive
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Cerebral Palsy-Presentation
Symptoms of CP generally present before age ___. People with CP may exhibit any of several forms of dysfunctional movement which may include: Lack of muscle ___ Delayed motor development Gait abnormalities which may include: Scissored gait, Crouched gait Toe walking, Foot dragging Hypertonicity Hypotonicity |
3
coordination |
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Etiology
CP can be the result of any factors causing damage to or disrupting the development of the ___. CP results from damage to the central nervous system occurring: Prenatally: ___ Perinatally: 6-8% Postneonatally: 10-18% |
central nervous system
75% |
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Etiology
____ Causes of CP Vascular events Maternal infections Rare genetic syndromes Metabolic disorders Maternal ingestion of toxins |
Prenatal causes of CP
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Etiology
____Causes of CP Obstructed labor Antepartumhemmorhage Cord Prolapse Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy Neonatal stroke Severe hypoglycemia Untreated jaundice Severe neonatal infection |
Perinatal/Neonatal causes of CP
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Etiology
___ Causes of CP Metabolic encephalopathy Infections CVA Surgical complications Near drowning Trauma MVA Shaken baby syndrome TBI |
Postnatal causes of CP
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Types of Cerebral Palsy
___ (50%): timing issues and poor grading of agonists and antagonists, commonly with cognitive effects Further categorized based on body part affected: hemiplegia, quadriplegia, diplegia, monoplegia, and triplegia |
Spastic
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Types of Cerebral Palsy
___(30%): involuntary/uncontrolled movements Athetosis: hypotonic base or underlying tone Dystonic: dominated by tension, rigidity |
Dyskinetic
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Types of Cerebral Palsy
___ (10%) : disturbed balance, depth perception, and coordination due to cerebellar involvement |
Ataxic
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Types of Cerebral Palsy
___: can be precursor to dyskinetic symptoms |
Flaccidity/hypotonicity
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Types of Cerebral Palsy
___(10%): when two or more categories are present |
Mixed
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Associated Problems
Intellectual/cognitive impairment Seizures Urinary Incontinence Muscle ___ and imbalance → hip dislocations GI problems constipation, bowel obstructions Impaired oral-motor functions TMJ contractures, vomiting, aspiration pneumonia, poor nutrition, failure to thrive, drooling Neurologic Abnormalities hearing and vision abnormal sensory and pain perception ___ Disease |
contractures
Cardiovascular |
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Associated Problems
___ bone mass in non-ambulatory patients ___ deformities Mental health Chronic pain Social isolation Peer rejection Loss of functionality and independence Neurosis Psychosis Pain |
Reduced
Spinal |
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Prognosis
Predicting long term outcome of infants in the neonatal period is difficult based on the available testing, collected data and the knowledge that developing brains are more plastic than mature brains and may change unexpectedly during growth and development. Often by the time the child is ___ years old the physician can determine the type of CP present |
two years old
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Prognosis
In a study by Miller it was shown that children who are walking at age ___ should continue to walk equally well after they grow up Blair et al completed a study indicating that ___ is the single strongest predictor of survival of a child with CP Causes of mortality relate most commonly to the respiratory and circulatory systems, certain cancers, and neurologic complications, specifically surgery and hydrocephalus |
7 years old
intellectual disability |
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Treatment
Neuro-developmental Task oriented Gait training-BWS-LMT Strength training Stretching Spasticity management Surgery |
ok
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Alternative Treatment
Conductive Education Patterning Hyperbartic Chamber Electrical Stimulation AdeliSuite-Therapy Suite |
ok
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Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy: “umbrella” term for group of ___ disorders impairing control of movement that appear in the first few years of life The disorders are caused by faulty development of or damage to motor areas in the brain Symptoms of cerebral palsy include difficulty with fine motor tasks, maintaining balance or walking, involuntary movements. The symptoms differ from person to person and may change over time. |
chronic
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Types of CP
___ - tense, contracted muscles (most common type) ___ - constant, uncontrolled motion of limbs, head, and eyes ___- poor sense of balance, often causing falls and stumbles |
Spastic
Athetoid Ataxic |
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Cerebral Palsy
Spastic: damaged neurons are adjacent to the ventricles; altered gait patterns Athetoid: damage is in basal ganglia; slow, writhing movements are characteristic Ataxic: damage is in cerebellum; incoordination, weakness, shaking Mixed: |
ok
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Cerebral Palsy
There is no standard therapy that works for all patients. ___ can be used to control seizures and muscle spasms, braces can compensate for muscle imbalance. Surgery, mechanical aids to help overcome impairments, counseling for emotional and psychological needs, and physical, occupational, speech, and behavioral therapy may be employed. |
Drugs
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