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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dietary requirements for moderately active children and athletes: children 4-8 years old |
1400-1600 calories per day
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Dietary requirements for moderately active children and athletes: females 9-13
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1600-2000 calories per day
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Dietary requirements for moderately active children and athletes: males 9-13
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1800-2200 calories per day
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Dietary requirements for moderately active children and athletes: females 14-18
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2000 calories per day
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Dietary requirements for moderately active children and athletes: males 14-18
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2400-2800 calories per day
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Name 6 school welfare risk factors
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1. Unhealthy diets
2. Lack of physical activity 3. Smoking 4. Risky behaviors that cause harm or disease 5. Alcoholism and drug abuse 6. Unsafe sexual practices |
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What are common side effects of vaccinations?
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Fever, local reaction at the injection site with swelling, pain, redness, or rash.
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Can parents sue vaccine manufacturers for serious harm to their child by a vaccine?
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No but they can apply for compensation from the government.
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How soon can a child attend school after receiving required vaccinations for their age?
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The next day.
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What are the 5 "Rights" when evaluating a student's vaccination record?
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1. Right age for the vaccine
2. Right dose 3. Right interval between doses of the same vaccine 4. Right route 5. Right site for the vaccine |
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What should you do if you see an insect in a child's ear?
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Shine a light into the ear and see if the insect will crawl out. If pain continues or the insect is not removed, notify the parents to take the child to a physician.
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Type I allergies are cause by ______ antibodies and cause what type symptoms?
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IgE
Symptoms: food allergies, hay fever, bronchial asthma, anaphylaxis & atopic dermatitis. |
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Type II and III allergies involve what 2 antibodies and what is the resulting health problem?
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IgG and IgM
Causes autoimmune disease that destroy cells and tissues in the body. |
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Type IV allergies involve what cell's activity and causes what health issues?
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T cell activity causes delayed hypersensitivity to allergens such as poison ivy, organ and tissue implants, or the positive reaction to a TB skin test.
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What are examples of autoimmune problems caused by Type II allergies?
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-hemolytic anemia
-myasthenia gravis -Grave's disease -thrombocytopenic purpura |
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What tissues in the body can be attacked by Type III allergies?
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-heart valves caused by rheumatic fever
-the glomerulus of the kidney by acute glomerulonephritis -the beta cells of the pancreas causing type I diabetes -connective tissue damage by rheumatoid arthritis |
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What is the most common childhood cancer?
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Leukemia
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What is the proper way to care for skin piercings?
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-Clean the site with antibacterial soap once or twice a day. |
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At what time of day do headaches from brain tumors most often occur?
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At night or in the morning
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What is the rate of occurrence of Tourette's syndrome in boys versus girls?
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Affects boys 4 times as much as girls.
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What are signs of shunt malfunction in a patient with hydrocephalus?
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-vomiting
-headache -fever -irritability or other behavior changes |
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Potential problems or deficits in children with hydrocephalus include:
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-cognitive
-vision -verbalizations -sensitivity to noise -balance -gait -seizures -fatigue |
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What ratio of children having their first seizure will have an incident of status epilepticus?
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3/4
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Call EMS if a child's very first seizure lasts longer than how many minutes?
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5
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Call EMS if a child with known epileptic seizures lasts more than how many minutes?
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10 to be safe
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What is the definition of status epilepticus?
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A series of seizures that occur without the regaining of consciousness between seizures or a single seizure lasting 30 minutes or more.
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Are all cases of status epilepticus tonic-clonic in nature?
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No, a few show only an altered level of consciousness with very little convulsive activities.
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At what 2 age ranges does Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis usually present for the first time?
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2-5 years and 9-12 years
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What is cystic fibrosis?
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A disease in which thick mucous obstructs ducts in the body.
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Describe muscular dystrophy
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-Genetic disease which varies depending on which gene is affected.
-The muscles break down and are replaced by fatty and fibrous tissue. -Usually in wheel chair by late teens and dies in late 20s. |
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What physical manifestations are seen in achondroplasia?
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-genetically dwarfs with short arms and legs
-legs bowed -spine is curved |
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Describe osteogenesis imperfecta:
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-hereditary
-see numerous fractures from deficient collagen & brittle bones May also have: -conductive hearing loss -eyes with blue sclera -poorly developed teeth |
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What is a disease in which thick mucous obstructs ducts in the body?
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Cystic fibrosis
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What syndrome is characterized by facial anomalies, brain damage, and small stature?
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Fetal alcohol syndrome
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What are the symptoms of pneumothorax?
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-dyspnea, pain with respirations
-decreased lung sounds on the affected side -anxiety -movement of trachea to one side of the midline of the throat -open chest wound with sucking air |
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What initial measures should be taken with an open chest wound?
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Occlude the open chest wound with a plastic dressing taped on 3 sides.
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Describe a method for estimating the body percent of a burn.
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Each palm-sized (the injured student's palm-size) area is 1% of the child's entire skin.
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If child has a pulse but is not breathing how often are breaths given and when do you check the pulse?
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Give breaths every 3 seconds and check pulse about every 2 minutes.
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If a child does not have a pulse what is the compression to breath rates for a single rescuer?
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30 compressions hard and fast and then 2 quick breaths. Minimize time without compressions
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If a child does not have a pulse what is the compression to breath rates for a more than 1 rescuer?
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15 compressions to 2 breaths
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How many stages are there in the Tanner Stages of Sexual Development?
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5
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Define precocious puberty for girls
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Onset of puberty in girls prior to age 6 or 7
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Define precocious puberty for boys
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Onset of puberty before age 9
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What factors can impact the age of menarche?
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-nutrition
-gene -socioeconomic status -race -culture |
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Growth usually stops how many years after menarche?
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2-1/2
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What is Erickson's developmental task for preschool and kindergarten?
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initiative vs. guilt.
Learns right & wrong and that his or her actions have consequence. Feel guilt when they harm someone or know their actions are wrong. |
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What is Erickson's developmental task for school-aged children?
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industry vs. inferiority
Children want to finish activities and feel proud of what they have done. They compare themselves to other children or siblings. Positive experience, praise & reinforcement help develop positive self-esteem. The opposite can result in poor self-esteem and lack of desire to try future activities. |
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What is Erickson's developmental task for adolescence?
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identity vs. role confusion
Concerned with peer's opinions and feel pressure to conform. Begin to test their values. |
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The following skills describe normal development for what age?
Fine motor: ties shoes, cuts paper, paste, draws a person Gross motor: ride a 2-wheeled bike, throw a ball, jump down a 12 " step, skip & hop |
Age 6
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The following skills describe normal development for what age?
Fine motor: writes and reads printing, types, uses items in play, clumsy with pencil Gross motor: coordinated jumping, skips rope, plays ball games, walks backwards, roller skate |
Age 7
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The following skills describe normal development for what age?
Fine motor: writes and reads cursive, uses hand tools, cuts food, combs hair, cuts nails Gross motor: Moves to catch a ball, squats while on toes, alternates feet on command, constant activity |
Age 8
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The following skills describe normal development for what age?
Fine motor: refined writing and skills with hands, can take music lessons, draws pictures Gross motor: balances on one foot blindfolded, catches ball with one hand |
Age 9
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Battelle Developmental Inventory Screening test assesses what areas?
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-social interactions
-motor abilities -language -cognition -adaptive skills |
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What is the age range for Piaget's Preoperational Thought stage?
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2-7 years
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What is the age range for Piaget's Concrete Operations stage?
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7-12 years
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What is the age range for Piaget's Formal Operations stage?
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Age 12 and over
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What countries have the highest incidence of TB?
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Africa, Eastern Europe, Asia, and the Latin American countries.
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What are the effects of lead toxicity?
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-harms child's developing brain
-kidneys -bone marrow |
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What is considered the blood level threshold for lead toxicity?
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above 19 mcg/dl
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What are sources of lead toxicity?
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-lead-containing paint
-batteries -ceramic vessels -some homeopathic supplements |
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What is the grade range of greatest growth?
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5th to 9th grades
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Lower extremity edema may be a sign of what heart problem?
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heart failure
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Define anisometropia.
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Each eye has a different acuity that varies from the other eye by 2 or more lines.
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What is the term for the cornea or lens of the eye is abnormally shaped causing the vision in one eye to be blurry.
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Astigmatism
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Farsightedness caused by focusing of light behind the retina is called ________.
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Hyperopia
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Nearsightedness caused by the focusing of light in front of the retina is called ________.
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Myopia
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What is amblyopia?
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Lazy eye in which the vision of the affected eye is decreased to prevent double vision.
The eye may deviate in position from the other or the child may cover one eye when trying to see objects clearly. |
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Walleye or crossed eyes; difference in movement in one eye from the other is called _______.
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Strabismus
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A child who is less than 5 years old should be able to see most of which line on a vision chart?
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20/40
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Past the age of 5, which line on a vision chart should be able to be read accurately?
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20/30.
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In addition to routine screenings, students displaying what types of problems should receive a vision screen?
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-poor school performance
-poor attention -problems with sports |
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What does Title X of the Education Act of 1972 state?
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Schools may not discriminate against the pregnant or parenting teen.
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What are the characteristics of Piaget's Preoperational Thought stage?
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-Believes the world revolves around them and doesn't realize others have their own opinions, likes, & dislikes. -Concentrate on 1 thing at a time.
-Unable to think logically. |
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What are the characteristics of Piaget's Concrete Operational Thought stage?
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-Unable to add ideas together & change their minds according to evidence presented.
-Begin to use logic. -Understand concepts of form and that some conditions are reversible. -Can use concept of time and think about behaviors, results & consequences. -Can sort objects in groups. |
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What are the characteristics of Piaget's Formal Operational Thought stage?
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-Capable of abstract thought.
-Can analyze, use logic, & predict outcomes. -May argue their position on subjects and learn different points of view. -Interest in how body works. |
