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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the characteristics of arthropods?
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segmented body, jointed legs, chitonous exoskeleton (cuticle), simple (nymph to adult) or complex (larvae > pupae > adult) metamorphosish
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what are the clinical signs of mite infestations?
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pruritis, keratinization, alopecia, secondary infection (pyoderma) dermatitis, cachexia, blood loss and anemia (red mite)
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what are the features of mesostigmatid mites?
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stigmata (respiratory pores) in the middle of their bodies
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what type of mites are mesostigmatid mites?
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blood sucking
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name the mesostigmatid mites?
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Dermanyssus gallinae and Ornithonyssus sylviarum
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what is the common name of Dermasnyssus gallinae?
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roost or red mite
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what and how does Dermanyssus gallinae feed?
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on birds (horses, cattle, people when birds absent); hide in environment during the day and feed on birds at night (carried on fomites)
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what pathology is caused by Dermanyssus gallinae?
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blood loss leads to decreased production, death with heavy infestations (matted feathers especially around vent)
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how are Dermanyssus gallinae controled?
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use environmental acaracides as well as treating birds
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what is the common name of Orithonyssus sylviarum?
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Northern fowl mite
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what and how does Orithonyssus sylviarum feed?
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Birds; spends most of time on birds (carried on fomites)
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what pathology is caused by Orithonyssus sylviarum?
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decreased production, feed conversion (matted feathers especially around vent)
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how are Orithonyssus sylviarum treated?
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treat birds, environment
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what are the features of astigmatid mites?
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lack stigmata so respiration is through integument, include the 'mange' mites
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name the astigmatid mites?
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Sarcoptes scabiei, Notoedries cati, Knemidokoptes mutans, Psoroptes ovis, Chorioptes bovis, Otodectes spp
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what is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei?
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scabis mite
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what is the common name for the condition caused by Notoedries cati?
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cat mange
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what is the life cycle of Sarcoptes scabiei?
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entire life cycle on host, burrows in skin, transmission via direct contact (associated with confinement breeding)
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what is the pathology of Sarcoptes scabiei?
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scabies: skin lesions, 2' infection, irritation (depends more on immune response than level of infection),
pigs (neck, shoulders, ears, back), cattle (brisket, base of tail), dog (muzzle, eyes, back, abdomen), sheep (face: black muzzle), humans (inner thighs, groin) |
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how is Notoedries cati morphologically different than Sarcoptes scabiei?
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short legs
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what is the pathology of Notoedries cati??
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from tip of ears > over face and head. Damage from mites and self-mutilation
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How is Sarcoptes scabieie and Notoedries cati diagnosed?
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deep skin scraping
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what is the only skin mite of cats?
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Notoedries cati
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how species specific are Sarcoptes scabiei?
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there are species specific varieties (vars suis, equis, canis, etc) but they will bite other spp but don't replicate in other spp
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what is the treatment for Sarcoptes scabiei and Notoedries cati?
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topicals (lime-sulfur, carbaryl, malathion, carbamates (not kittens/puppies), organophosphates (caution with cats), ivermectin
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what is the common name of Knemidokoptes mutans?
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scaly leg mite
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what and how does Knemidokoptes mutans feed?
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burrow into epidermis of legs of birds, causes scales to lift up; legs become thickented and deformed
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how is Knemidokoptes mutans treated?
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topical acaracides , oral or IM ivermecting, or 50% topical, cover affected area with petroleum jelly
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what is the common name of Psoroptes ovis?
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scab mite
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what and how does Psoroptes ovis feed?
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on cattle, sheep, goats, horses; does not burrow, lives at base of pairs, pierces the skin, and lives under scab particularly at base of tail, perineum, udder, and legs (places that are hard to groom)
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what must be done if Psoroptes ovis is found on cattle?
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report disease
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what is the common name of Chorioptes bovis?
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scab mite
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what and where does Chorioptes bovis feed?
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cattle and horses, at base of tail, perineum, udder, and legs of host
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how are Psoroptes ovis diagnosed?
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look at ede of scab (hard to find in sheep), may see mites/eggs on fecal due to grooming ingestion, but can be free-living mite
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when is Chorioptes bovis more likely to be observed?
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in winter
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why isn't Psoroptes ovis reportable in sheep, goats, or horses?
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species do not cross-infect
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what is the common name of otodectes spp?
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ear mites
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what does otodectes spp infect?
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cats, dogs, rabbits
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what is the pathology of otodectes spp?
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copious cerumen production
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how is otodectes spp diagnosed?
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mites observed from swabs, swab ears with cotton applicator and place under warm light to look for mites
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name the scab mites?
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Psoroptes ovis, Chorioptes bovis
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what are the features of prostigmata?
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respiratory pore in anterior part of body
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what is the common name for Cheyletiella yasquiri and Cheyletiella blakei?
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walking dandruff mite
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what is the host for Cheyletiella yasquiri?
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dogs
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what is the host for Cheyletiella blakei?
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cats
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what is the life cycle of Cheyletiella species?
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are on top of host, feeding on skin and blood. Lay eggs attachedto hair > larvae > nymph > adult on skin surface. Can survive several weeks off host
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what is the pathology of Cheyletiella spp?
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dermatitis
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what is the treatment for Cheyletiella spp?
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topical acaricides, treat bedding and environment (will bite people)
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what is the common name for Demodex canis?
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red mange
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what is the morphology of Demodex spp?
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very small, cigar shaped
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what species does Demodex canis infect?
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dogs
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what species does Demodex cati infect?
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cats
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what species does Demodex bovis infect?
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cattle (follicular mite)
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what is the life cycle of Demodex spp?
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normal fauna in eyelashes and eyebrows. live at base of hair in follicle > inflammation, scabs
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how is Demodex spp transmitted?
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often mother to offspring; close contact. Mite dies when they fall off host
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what is the result in cattle with Demodex bovis if nodules develop on neck and forequarters?
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incurable
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what is the pathology of Demodex spp?
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localized demodicosis (face, skull, ear canal, forelegs, trunk - alopecia, scaling, hyperpigmentation, pruritus, erythema) most resolve spontaneously (~10% progress to generalized demadocosis (large areas of body involved, erythema, crusting, rancid, seborrhea, lymphadenopathy- inherited immune defect), chronic (digital and interdigital disease), no cure available. in cattle nodules on neck and forequarters
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how is Demodex spp diagnosed and monitored?
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live at base of hair - inflammation and scab formation, deep skin scrapings
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how is Demodex spp treated?
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1% rotenone, benzoyl peroxide, amitraz, ronnel, high-doxe ivermectin. No need to treat environment. Incurable in cattle
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what is the common name for Thrombicula?
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chiggers, redbugs
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what is the morphology of Thrombicula?
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bright red/orange, 6 legs
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what is the host of Thrombicula?
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horse, calf, dog, cat
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what stages of Thrombicula feed on hosts?
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Larval stage parasite, adult/nymph free living
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what is the pathology of Thrombicula?
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immune reaction to saliva; horse/calf (bites on face/lips), dog/cat (bites on ears)
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How is Thrombicula treated?
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mite may be gone before host reacts to saliva, but can treat with topical acaracides (increased reaction to subsequent bites)
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