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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hatching of brush turkey is.. M |
Asynchronous with no parental care |
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Visual : behavioural and morphological cues of brush turkey |
Pecking Body color |
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Though the chick's of brush turkey look just brown to us... |
They do reflect some us which may activate a strong response |
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3 model types to test is the uv relfectsnce of brush turkey chick's makes for a strong response |
Pecking robot Static Scanning |
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Brush turkey responded most to... |
The pecking robot |
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Aggregation cue of brush turkey |
Uv with pecking |
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Because brush turkey chick's would be under vegetation in the wild... Contrast is.. |
Important hence uv light |
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Which body parts of the brush turkey chick reflected uv at 360? |
The leg and beak |
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Tetra |
4 |
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Hedral |
Shape |
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Tetrahedral color space allows us to understand the... |
Perception of birds Can see uv and red green blue. They can see combinations of all these colors we cannot |
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Feather vane parts |
Barbicels, barbs and barbules |
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Feather diagram |
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Barb is composed of... |
Barbicels and barbules |
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2 basic types of feathers |
Pennaceous feathers and plumulaceous |
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Pennaceous feather type |
Has pelmous (barbs with fusion) Closed are classified as flight feathers Open ones do not have barbicels |
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Plumulaceous feathers |
Calamus but no vein (missing barbules) Downy feathers |
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Structure of feathers is based on.. |
Keratin |
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Beta Keratin VS alpha Keratin |
Alpha found in skin of vertebrates and birds Beta Keratin is very strong and unique to birds and reptiles, found in beaks and feathers and scales |
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Follicle |
Where a feather grows from |
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The feather is dead once.. |
It is formed |
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Only way to change color and form of featheds |
To grow new ones |
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Can birds replace damaged feathers |
Yes they moult and new feathers grow out of the existing follicle |
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New feathers start as... |
Papilla |
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Calamus forms... |
Last, pushing the new feather out of the follicke |
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Feathers are not distributed evenly but instead in... |
Feather tracts or pterylae |
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Remainder of skin not covered by pterylae is |
Naked, apteria |
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Even though feathers look like they grow everywhere, those naked spots may help for... |
Losing heat in high temperatures |
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Preen |
Cleaning feathers with beak |
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Will put oil on feathers while preening which is produced by.. |
Uropygial gland Also contains waxes and fatty acids as well as water Helps for waterproofing and maintenance |
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How many species of feather lice |
12 |
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Louse flies |
Ectoparasites of birds and can be damaging |
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Types of feathers diagram |
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Remiges or remix for singular.... |
Wing feathers specialized for flight |
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Retrices |
Another type of feather, retrix is singular |
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Main types of feather pigments |
Melanin, carotenoids and poryphins |
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Melanin are produced in.. |
Pigment producing cells called melanocytes |
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Melanocyte location can determine where... |
A pigment ends up on a feather |
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Colors melanocyte produce |
Black. Red, brown, yellow and variations of these |
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Most common pigment |
Melanin |
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Melanin concentration determines... |
The color and darkness of that color (black in raven and crow, eastern screech reddish brown and the pale yellow of chicks) |
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Melanin are synthesized from.. |
Amino acids |
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Can possibly add strength to feathers |
Melanin (ie gulls with white wings and dark tips could reduce wear of feathers) |
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Dark tip feathered birds like Gannet and gulls usually... |
Fly long distances |
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Carotenoids colors |
Red and orange, lots of yellows |
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Carotenoids come from .. |
Diet |
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Different from melanin, carotenoids are only found in... |
Food materials, synthesized by plants or the prey that eats plants (cere) |
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Different geographic location and carotenoids there can influence... |
The color and brightness of the feathers. Ie the European great tit colors change based on the caterpillars available where it lives |
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Poryphin colors |
Red, brown, green and pink |
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Poryphin can interact with melanin to.. |
Make a new color in the 2 pigment types |
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Toucsn and parrot colors like green and pink |
Poryphins |
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Poryhpins will all reflect.... |
Uv lught |
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Poryphin are made from modifying.. |
Amino acids |
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A complete lack of melanin |
Albinoism. White with pinkish cast |
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Two types of structural colors |
Iridescent and non-iridescent at a microscopic levek Changes way light would hit the feathers at a nano scale |
