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710 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Crown fracture > pulp capping |
Painless tooth Exposure less than 1mm(pointed) Young teeth Or mature painless teeth seen less than 1 hour |
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Partial pulpotomy |
Young tooth Exposure larger than 1mm Less than 24 houre Vital |
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Concussion |
Teeth experience tenderness to touch/percussion But no displacement in the alvéoles And no mobility .... No immediate treatment |
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Subluxation |
Tender to touch /percussion Slightly mobile No displacement >stabilized with flexible splint >2w Prognosis 👍🏼 |
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Extrusive luxation |
Displaced outwardly or incisal . Mobility Radio>rule out>alveolar fracture Treatment . Clean with saline . Reposition tooth Split 2w |
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Lateral luxation |
Displacement Fracture facial cortical bone Split 4w |
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Intrusive luxation (intruded) |
Palpable (واضح) fracture Intruded nasal or sinuses Treatment Depent on . Complet/incomplete root formation . Intrusion less/more than 7mm -reposition /surgery |
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Avulsion |
(complet separation) Antibiotics >12Y=AMOXICILLin <12y=doxycycline -tooth contact with soil=tetanus booster(كزاز) -spilt2-4w And- soft diet 2w - chlorhex 0.12% 2w Follow - up 4w/3m/1y/5y |
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Pdl |
Periodontal ligament |
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Truma longtemps conséquences |
External resorption Inflammatory Replacement(ankylosis) - no pdl- Internal resorption Clacified بشكل عام تحدث سواء اللب حي او ميت |
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Neuro vascular damage in luxation |
27% |
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Pulp necrosis in instrusion luxation |
96% Especially in close apics |
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Spontaneous pain |
ألم عفوي |
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Partial(shallow) pulpotomy |
Pulpal inflammation greater than 2mm |
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Apexogensis |
Vital pulp in immature teeth >root formation complet |
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Apexification |
Mta/calcium hydroxide Thick plaste placed within the canal Replaced every 3 month The root may take up to a year to complete !!!! We can fill apical third root with MTA and obturat with gutta in same day |
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Internal bleaching |
Sodium perborat and hydrogen peroxide Or Sodium perborat and saline * leave these agents a few days to 1 week |
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Odontogenic teeth pain generally |
Long an lingering C-fibres |
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Factor to making dental diagnosis |
Chief complaint Intensity and duration symptom Locations quality and duration of pain History of pain |
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Periapical diagnosis |
Symptomatic apical periodontits |
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SLOB role refers to |
Buccal object rule (same ligual, opposite buccal) |
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Wich elicts positive response to percussion |
Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis |
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Referrd tooth pain may radiate(يشع) |
Adjacent teethمجاورت Down neck Around ear Temple |
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Zinc oxide in gutta |
59_75% |
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Pulpal debridement |
Cleaning and shaping تنظير يعني Unnecessary |
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Concussion injury |
May require no treatment |
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Etiology |
مسببات مرضيه |
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Pathogenesis |
الآلية الحيوية لتطور المرض |
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Speed caries in enamel to progress into dentin |
Proximal 4y. ملاصق Enamel fissure lesion شقوق وميازيب 2-4y |
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Infants do not harbor mutans streptococci until teeth emerge |
الاطفال ليس لديهم جراثيم ستريبتو كوكاي فعالة حتى بزوغ الأسنان |
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Major source of strep mantus in children |
Their mothers |
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Most predominate bacteria |
Streptococcus mantus |
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Most commonly affected tooth with carries |
Upper first molar |
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Most commonly surfaces |
Occlusal |
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Least commonly surfaces |
Lingual |
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Pits and fissures |
حفر و شقوق وهاد وميازيب |
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Deep groove |
ثلم عميق ميزاب شق |
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Decayed tooth |
سن متآكل |
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Lesion |
افة |
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تركيب الفلور |
Ca Po4, Fl |
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Oral rinses |
غسول فم |
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Calcium phosphates |
Increase bioavaibility of calcium and phosphorus ions and aid remineralization when oral ph is maintained |
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Chlorhexidine to prevention |
Used in patients with high strep mutans count |
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Excessive plaque |
لويحة مفرطة كثيرة |
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When we see white spot lesion |
When the caries is less than halfway in enamel |
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Tactile method to detect caries |
With dental explorer used with caution حذر |
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Fluorescence |
ضوئي |
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Caries indicator dys |
الصبغة الكاشفة للنخور Used during process of cavity preparation For.. Less mineralized dentin Not for infected dentin Use with caution to avoid pulp exposure |
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Remineralization When ? |
Ph>5.5 Sufficient caPo4 and/or fluoride |
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Ph |
Critical 4.5 5.2----5.5 |
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Fluoride application |
NaF varnish 5% for 2-4m Fluoride gel 5000 ppm1-2daily for, 2/4m |
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Maximum dose fluoride for adults |
5 mg/kg/d |
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Fluorosis dose in children |
0.7 mg/kg/day |
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Amalgame failures |
Use a degradable material (قابلة للتحليل) Such as ZOE Marginal leakage تسرب حفافي |
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Indication of indirect restorations |
1 or mor cusps must be reduced Alot of gold and porcelaine Splinting Abutment for bridge Restoration of endo treatment |
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Hypersensitivity factors or reasons |
Thermal ♨ evaporative بخار Tactile لمس Osmotic تناضحي/ ضغط حلولي Chemical stimuli applied |
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Chipped tooth |
Fractured tooth |
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Dh Dental hypersensitivity Most common cause |
Gingival recession 30-40 years Women more 90% cervical surfaces |
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Another causes of DH |
Toothbrush trauma Endogenous acid ( gastric reflux), fruits Tooth whitening Occlusal problems |
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Tooth whitening |
35%carbamid peroxide = 12% hydrogen peroxide |
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Rotary cutting instruments |
12,000-200,000 |
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Amalgame required depth in dentin |
0,5mm |
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Obtain resistance an retention forms |
تحقيق المقاومة والثبات Resistance >no fracture |
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Amalgame class 1 cavity How walls be 🤔 |
Buccal lingual >converge occlusally تتلاقى اطباقيا Mesial distal > diverge slightly تتباعد قليلاً Converge & diverge |
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Use rubber dams when feasible |
استخدامه عند وجود قابلية استخدام |
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Rubber dam |
Retract soft tissue |
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Difficulties rubber damd |
Third molar Severely tiltedمائلة teeth Incomplete erupted Respiratory problems Root caries |
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Thikness bond/ liners/bases |
Bind 2-5 micro Liners less0,5 Base 1-2 mm |
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Stimulate formation |
يحفز تشكيل.. |
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Prevent thermal shock at adequate strength to be used |
يمنع حصول صدمة حرارية بقوة كافية لتجعله جيد للاستخدام |
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Amalgame with mimal depth of preparation, which liner? |
Varnish Or nothing 😄 |
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Amalgame with deep preparation, wich liner? |
Calcium hydroxide followed by GIS |
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Composite, liners? |
No varnish No ZOE |
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Temporary restoration |
ZOE May be used GIC in big restorations |
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Why pulp capping is especially successful in immature teeth? |
Due to increased blood supply |
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Amalgame alloy |
Silver 50-72% Tin 25-30% قصدير Copper 8-30% (13%in gamma 2) Zinc 0-2% |
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Amalgame |
Is brittle هش The most consideration in strength 💪 is above 55% mercury |
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Compressive strength of amalgam |
45,000-65,000 lb |
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Amalgame strength factors |
45-53% mercury Higher condensation pressure قوة تكثيف Smaller particles Long trituration time 40 seconds Fewer voids فراغات Spherical particles جزيئات كروية Nooo contamination تلوث with moisture رطوبة |
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Class1 Mesial and distal wall |
Converge occlusally To avoid undermining اضعاف Mesial and distal Marginal ridges |
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Proximal section |
الجانب الملاصق الحفرة العلبية الملاصقة |
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Embrasures allow |
تحتضن الحشوة |
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Axiopulpal line should be |
Rounded Or beveled مشطوب |
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Why we should bevel |
To reduse concentration تركيز stress |
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Axiale wall |
0,5mm in dentin approximately Slightly convex محدب Mimicking يساير/يحاكي external contour of tooth. محيط السن |
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Undermine enamel |
ميناء غير مدعوم بالعاج |
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Why not use amalgam in class3 |
Because of a esthetic جماليا But May be used diatal canines |
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Amalgame in class 5 |
Seldomly. = rare Because aesthetic and retention |
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Flair |
مائل |
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Class 5 |
Outline form is kidney or trapezoidal شبه منحرف 0,5mm in dentin Undercuts placed gingival occlusally Not to dith لا تعمل خنادق cementum when finishing |
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Pin amalgame |
1mm from dentino enamel junction Should not bent لا ينحني No strength to amalgam but only retention 2 mm in dentin |
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Polishing amalgam |
24-48 h after insertion Reduce Marginal break down Mor hygienic Prevent tarnish تشويه restoration |
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Adequate bulk |
الحجم الكافي |
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Smear layer |
طبقة اللطاخة |
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Dentin etching |
After 15 seconds Rinse with water and leave surface slightly moist to Prevent collapse انهيار dentin fibils |
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Depth of composite preparation |
2mm |
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Bevel in composite |
1mm width Improve aesthetic |
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Gouging restorative |
نحت الترميم |
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Light curing |
400mW/cm2 |
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Composite resin |
More filler content better mechanical properties |
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Self curing |
ذاتي التصلب |
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GIs |
Powder :calcium stronium Fluor glass Liquide :40-55% 2/1 acrylic itaconic acid polymer in water |
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Only water base restorative material |
GIs |
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Tooth surface prior GIs |
Remove smear layer with 10% polyacrylic acid 25% tannic acid |
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GIs and phosphoric acid |
Nooo Reduce potential احتمالية ion exchange |
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Polishing GIs |
Should cover with varnish and coat of resin bonding immediately following polishing To.. Prevent water loss from material for the first 2week |
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Weakest points in cast gold restorations Inlays/onlays |
Retention relies on cement that is slightly soluble in oral fluid |
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Gold cast restorations bevel |
Cavosurface margins 30-45 ° Gingival 0,5-1mm in width |
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Pulpal hyperemia |
احتقان لبي |
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Most desirable مرغوبة way to detect occlusal and eccenssible smooth surface caries |
Visually |
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Glucosytransferases synthesize |
Give plaque stickiness >adhere to tooth |
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Why visually first |
White spot lesions >explorer >damaged >faster lesion |
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Bisophosphonates |
Treat cancer Hypercalcemia فرط كالسيوم الدم Malignancy خباثة |
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Orale bis phosphates |
Treat osteoporosis Used for paget's disease |
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Bis phosphates inhibiting |
Osteoclasts >decrease bone resorption |
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Bronj cause |
Bis phosphates >inhibit Osteoclasts >osteonecrosis تنخر عظمي> Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) |
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BRONJ characteristics |
Treatment with Bisphosphonate Exposed bone in maxillofacicial for more 8 weeks No history of radiation therapy |
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Palatial value |
قبة الحنك |
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Tuberosity |
الحدبة الفكية |
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Vestibules |
دهليز |
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Palpate bimanually |
جس بشكل ثنائي |
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Salivary ducts |
قنوات لعابية |
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Milk ducts |
حلب الاقنية اللعابية |
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Retrograde |
بشكل عكسي بشكل متراجع |
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Auscultate |
فحص بالسمع |
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Hemophilia |
ناعور |
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Extra oral hospitalization |
Extraoral incision and drainage شق وتصريف is contemplated تم اتخاذ القرار under general anesthesia |
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Dense cranium |
العظم القحفي الكثيف |
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Presence of suture lines |
وجود الدروز It is important in the interpretation قراءة الصور/تأويل of the facia bone films |
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Suture lines look like? |
Fractures lines |
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Cervical spine |
العمود الفقري الرقبي |
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Bulky |
ضخم |
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Waters views radiograph |
Anterior view of paranasal sinuses الجيوب الأنفية And bone of the mid face and orbits محجر العين/ الحجاج |
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How take water view |
Patient face against the film X-ray source behind him |
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Why this name ( water view) |
Because the upright العمودي water view allows the dentist to see: Air fluide level Such as blood/ pus قيح in the sinus |
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Anesthesia |
All aspects of pain and anxiety control |
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Syncope |
إغماء |
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Hemorrhage |
Bleeding |
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General dentists should be able to cooperate with oral surgeons |
يجب أن يكونو قادرين على التعاون مع الجراحين |
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Wound healing depends on |
Adequate nutrition التغذيه او التروية الكافية |
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Major factor to form collagen |
Ascorbic acid Vitamin C |
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Common bacterial causes of intraoral infections : |
75% anaérobies لا هوائياتBacreroidStreptoPepto streptoFusu25%aerobesAlpha- hemo strepto |
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Ability to coagulation |
قابلية التخثر |
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Aseptic |
معقم |
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Types of incisions |
Liner> envelope flap ظرفية Releasing incision شق محرر >pedicle flap Semilunar هلالية |
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Incision should be |
Clean Sharp Perpendicular عمودي |
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Releasing incision should end in... |
Interproximal areas Not over the buccal surface of the tooth |
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How to remove bone |
Burs Chisels ازاميل Rongeur مقراض العظم |
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Periosteal bone proliferation |
تكاثر عظم سمحاقي |
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Bone healing |
Primary > endosteal, periosteal Secondary >mostly endosteal into void. فراغ/تجويف |
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Why bone necrosis |
Because Devitalization Infection |
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Periosteal and endosteal blood supply |
Not both at once |
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Exodontia |
Dental extraction |
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Pulpal pathology reason for exodontia |
Teeth beyond repair أسنان لا تعالج Endodontic not feasible المعالجه اللبية غير ممكنة |
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Acute pericorontitis |
التواج الحاد |
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Un control hypertension |
ارتفاع ضغط غير مسيطر |
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Anticoagulants |
مضادات تخثر |
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Hypercementosis |
فرط تمعدن احد صعوبات الجراحة |
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Extraction forceps |
Fulcrum نقطة ارتكاز Grio قبضة Beaks مناقير /اسنان الكلابة Concave مقعر |
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محدب |
Convexe x 🐢 x |
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مقعر |
Concave |
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Extraction maxillairy molar What is direction of luxation? |
Primary direction Palatal... Because : Molar is more palatally positioned Palatal root strong and less prone ضعيف to fracture Then... Buccal |
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Tooth buds |
براعم أسنان |
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Wich tooth we extract with lingual luxation |
Mandibular cuspid |
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How remove periapical cysts and granulomas after extraction |
With curette مجرفة نفسها بينعمل فيها كورتاج 😄 |
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Suture after extraction?? |
Most single extraction socket no need |
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When we suture |
Gingival cuff الحافة اللثوية is torn تمزقت or loose Sever bleeding |
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Most frequently impacted tooth in surgery |
Lower third molar Then upper third molar Then upper cuspide |
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Most often damaged nerve in extraction |
Inferior alveolar nerve |
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Nerve injury results in? |
Anesthesia Paresthésia May last 6w 6m |
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Fractured tooth tip can occur into.. |
Maxillairy sinus Infratemporal fossa Mandibular canal |
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Patient with higher risk of fractured root fracture during extraction |
Ankylosis تيبس او التصاق المفصل Flat root Thin root Hypercementosis root end Perio disease Malaligend teeth اسنان متراكبة or crowded |
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Fracture less than 0,5-1 mm |
Leave it And monitor راقب the patient |
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Treat periocorontits |
Irrigation saline / chlorhex 0,12% Curette Antibiotics |
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Several pericoronitis |
Spread into face and neck Pain Elevated temperature Trismus ضزز General malaise |
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Dentigerous cyst |
الكيس السني/ الجريبي Most frequently in third molar |
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Indiopathic pain |
ألم مجهول السبب |
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Neoplasia |
ورم |
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Idial time to extract third molar |
Root formed 2/3 approximately at age 17-20 |
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Time healing after extraction 3rd molar |
The patient back to normal life in 5-7 days |
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Sutures in surgery |
From O to 6-0 (the finest) |
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Kinds of sutures |
Nylon > skin Gut or chromic gut > deep tissue Silk > many oral surgery procedures |
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Respiration sutures |
Gut. 5-7 Chromic gut. 10-14 |
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Colt |
علقة |
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Local osteitis |
التهاب عظم موضعي |
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Gauze |
شاش |
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Avoid vigorously spitting |
تجنب البصق بقوة |
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After extraction Hot or cold diet? |
During first 48% hours No hot, no exceptionally (very) cold |
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Outpatient basis |
عيادات خارجية |
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Reason of sinusitis |
10% is of odontogenic origin |
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Nasal discharge |
سيلان انفي |
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Persistent nasal stuffiness |
انسداد أنف مستمر |
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Chronic sore throat |
التهاب حلق مزمن |
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Treatment sinusitis |
Sympathomimetic spray : i.e neosynephrine >decongestant مزيل احتقان -If it is secondary to allergic rhinitis التهاب أنف تحسسي > Antihistamines -If due to URI (upper respiratory track infections) > ampicilln -If due to odontogenic foci بؤرة > penicillin |
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Nasal antrostomy when? |
Normal drainage تصريف disrupted متوقف |
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Nasal antrostomy how? |
Drainage from sinus to nasal cavity Opening from Inferior medial aspect of sinus> inferior nasal meatus صماخ انفي سفلي |
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Lesions should biopsied |
Brownish / black pigmented مصطبغة |
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When biopsy bony lesions |
Compressible قابلة للانضغاط Pulsatile نابضة Blu Heard bruit صوت غير طبيعي |
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Encapsulated lesion biopsy |
Shelled out whole شيل كامل |
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Biopsy >... |
Specimen عينة |
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TMJ |
Two separate compartment Lined with synovial membrane مبطنة بغشاء زليلي |
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Condyle |
اللقمة |
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Glenoid fossa |
التجويف الحقاني او التجويف اللقمي او البطيخي 😄 |
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Articular eminence |
الناتئ المفصلي = articular tubercle |
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Meniscus |
Articular disc |
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Most functional ligament in TMJ |
Tempomandibular ligament |
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Innervation of TMJ |
Is via : Auriculotempolar اذني صدغي Masseteric branches فروغ مضغية of the trigeminal nerv مثلث التوائم |
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TMJ anatomy |
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Myofascial Pain Disorder |
متلازمة الألم الليفي العضلي =Pain Dysfunction Syndrome |
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Factors of TMJ pain |
Traumatic acclusion Abnormal occlusal habits Psychological factors |
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Elucidate |
توضيح |
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Arthritis |
التهاب مفاصل |
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Arthritic changes in TMJ |
Erosion of condyle Sclerotic تصلب subcondylar bone Diminution نقص of space between condyle and glenoid fossa |
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Treatment TMJ pain |
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Treatment of fibrosis |
Exercises Forcible opening under general anesthesia |
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Treatment ankylosis |
Condylectomy Coronoidectomy بتر الناتئ الابري Arthoplasty رأب المفصل |
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Blunt trauma |
صدمة حادة |
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Projectile injuries |
Result in fractures along the track اتجاه of missile المقذوف |
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Jaws is in crucial relationships with... |
علاقة وطيدة قوية حاسمة مع Upper airway |
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Cerebral |
دماغي |
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Laceration |
تمزق |
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Bone fragments |
فتات عظمي |
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Fracture segments |
قطع الكسر |
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Types of fractures |
Simple : no external communication Compound : with external communication Comminuted : many fractures in one bone Pathologic: Greenstick: closed incomplete |
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Common signs and symptoms with maxillofacicial fractures? |
Malocclusion Mobility of mandibular segment اطراف الشرائح المكسورة Mucosal lacerations. تمزقات Paresthésia تنميل |
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Area of contact of blow |
منطقة الضربة |
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Deformity after fracture |
التشوه بعد الكسر Extent of fracture Influence تاثير of muscle |
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Periosteum |
سمحاق |
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Deformity |
Form and deform شكل ولا شكل تشوه يعني |
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Deformity signes |
Ecchymoses كدمات بالوان متعددة Can be from clavicular area منطقة الترقوة. To orbital rims الحافات الحجاجية |
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Orbite 💫 |
بتجي بمعنى مدار صح متل ما انت متذكر |
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Time of ecchymoses |
Although swelling may immediately But Ecchymoses can until the following 24 h |
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Crepirus What and how and when |
-Abnormal popping or crackling sounds -in subcutaneous tissue تحت الجلد -Fracture maxillairy / sinus |
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Fracture reduces |
Manual manipulation معالجة بارعه Or by gradual manipulation through elastic traction جر مرن مرت معنا Elasticity مرونة Track مسار |
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Impaction of the fragments |
حشر القطع المكسورة |
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Close réduction |
When both fractured segments contain teeth |
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When teeth is missed in one or more fracture sege |
Open reduction |
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Forms of immobilization |
Barton bandage Wire fixation External pin fixation Transosseous wiring |
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Bartin bandage 🤕 |
Simplest Primarily Not definitive Effectiveness after 24 h |
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Wire fixation |
In classic closed reduction Wire can be individual buttons عراوي Or in several teeth ( IVY loops) Most common is arch bars |
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Disadvantages of external pin fixation |
Cumbersome مزعج Aesthetically displeasing |
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Transosseous wiring |
التثبيت عبر العظمي It is open reduction Wire, clamps, bone plates Compression or screws |
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Muscles elevares mandible during mastication? |
Masseter Medial pterygoid Temporalis |
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Muscles distal inferior or posterior |
Disgastric ذات البطنين Mylohyoid ضرسية لامية Geniohyoid. ذقنية لامية |
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العظم اللامي |
Hyoid bone |
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ذقن |
Chin Standard prefix is " genio" |
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الفك السفلي |
Mandible Perfix is " mylo" |
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Muscles displace the condyle anteriorly and medially? |
Lateral pterygoid |
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Maxillairy fractures |
5 types (la fort 1>5) |
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La fort 1 |
Horizontal Simplest Closed reduction 5-7 weeks immobilization |
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La fort fracture 2 |
Pyramidal |
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Signs of la fort fracture 2 |
Periorbital edema Ecchymoses Subconjunctival hemorrhage تحت الملتحمة Nose bleeding |
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La fort fracture 3 |
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Sphenoid bone |
العظم الوتدي " الاسفيني" 😄 |
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Cleft lip and palate |
شق الشفة والحنك |
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Etiology and possible risky factors of cleft lip and palate : |
Heredity وراثة Rubella حصبة ألمانية Measles حصبة X-ray Oxygen deficiency نقص Dietary disturbance غذاء سيء Drug and chemical Increased maternal age عمر الامومة متقدم |
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Embryology |
علم الاجنة Embryonic life الحياة الجنينية Embeyo = fetus |
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Cheilorraphy |
Lip surgery |
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Goal of cheilorraphy: |
Ré-establishment إعادة تأهيل Orbicularis Oris muscle الدويرية الفموية And function upper lip and aesthetic |
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Etiology if dry socket : |
Loss of blood clot Smoking Increased fibrinolytic activity انحلال الفبرين |
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Dry socket |
Don't curette Saline Iodine 24-48 h > 1w |
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Hypoglycemia signs |
Weak Trembling رجفة Hungrey |
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Hypoglycemia leads to |
Insuline shock |
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Diabetics are highly prone to.. |
Infection |
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Anxiety can cause... |
Syncope إغماء Crying Hesteria Epileptic seizure precipitation نوبة صرع متسارعة Angina ذبحة Myocardial infraction احتشاء عضلة القلب |
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Drugs if anxiety? |
Tranquilizers مهدئات Sadatives Analgesics Parasympatholytics Antiemetics = anti vomit 🤮 |
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Sadatives and tranquilizing drug .. Most prescribed? |
Valium Librium |
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Valium |
No hangover Muscles relax Anti convulsant effect مضاد تشنج Anti seizure Skeletal muscles relaxant |
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Valium and librium disadvantages |
Not analgesics Little depression of respiratory centers Cardio-vasculaire system |
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Valium librium IV |
Only Valium |
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Sedative action of Valium |
1 hour |
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Valium produces |
Amnesia The patient does not remember details or procedures |
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Valium and alcohol |
Depression effects اكتئاب |
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Barbiturates |
Relief 😌 anxiety Not analgesics except high dose |
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Barbiturates disadvantages |
Low pain threshold عتبة الألم Depress respiratory center Diminish يقلل respiratory mechanism |
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Barbiturates contraindication patients |
Respiratory disease Livre disease Because it metabolized in liver Appears in mother milk And pass through placenta مشيمة |
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Narcotics |
مخدرات |
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Nausea |
🤢 غثيان |
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Dizziness |
دوخة |
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Narcotics > |
Hypotension Atropinelike effect >saliva control Cross placenta, appear in breast milk Metabolized in liver Drowsiness نعاس |
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Hepatic |
Livery كبدي |
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Narcotic antagonist |
مركب مقاوم للمخدرات Naloxone |
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Most dangerous N2O2 problem |
Insufficient O2 supply |
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Dégradation |
Metabolism انحلال |
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IV Sedation |
1- sedation and amnesia 2-"excitement and ultralight 3- surgical anesthesia 4- Medullary paralysis |
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Tingling |
تنميل |
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Venipuncture |
بزل وريدي |
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Where we do venipucture? |
Dorsum ظهر hand Antecubital fossa Forearm الساعد Wrist |
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Coplication of IV |
Hématome Infiltration تسرب Venospan تشنج وريدي وفقد الوريد Phlebothrombosis تخثر بالوريد |
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Constant or intermittent |
ثابت او متقطع |
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Bizarre |
Odd Strange |
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Crawl |
يزحف |
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Somatic pain |
ألم جسدي |
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Somatic pain is based on... |
Peripheral stimuli منبه محيطي being interpreted يفسر in subcortical and cortical area |
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Proprioception |
الحس العميق |
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Peripheral impluses |
نبضات محيطية |
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Posterior superior alveolar nerve? |
-Distobuccal and Palatal root of 1st -second -third)molars |
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Middle superior alveolar nerve? |
-mesiobuccal root of 1st - premolars |
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Anterior posterior alveolar nerve? |
Cuspide and incisors |
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Anesthesia of Palatal area? |
Nasopalatine nerve Greater palatine ( anterior palatin) nerve |
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Nasopalatine nerve come out from.. |
Incisive formen |
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Nasopalatine nerve innervation what? |
Until cuspid area Soft tissue and hard palate |
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Greater palatine nerve what |
Distal to cuspide area |
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Inferior alveolar nerve |
Pulpe of all teeth Buccal gingiva and priosteum |
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Long buccal nerve |
Molars area |
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Ligual nerve |
Ligual side of mandibular |
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Mental nerve |
Buccal soft tissue of premolar and anterior area |
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Excretion and absorption of local anesthesia |
Esters> esreranase>urine Amides >liver |
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Xylocaine?? |
Lidocaine |
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Maximale dosage of lidocaine ? Child And elder |
Child : 2mg/kg Man : 4.2 mg/kg |
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Maximal dosage of male for 140 kg |
600 mg >30 ml >16 amp 1 ml of lidocaine 2% = 20 mg |
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Vasopressors |
مقبض اوعية |
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Action of vasopressors in local anesthesia? |
Retain (keep) anesthesia solutions inthe area injected Reduce bleeding Reduce toxicity |
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تركيز المخدر |
gm/100 mL For example 1% 1gm/100mL= 1000gm/100mL >Every 1mL contain 10 mg |
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Content of crapule 2% xylocaine 1:100.000 epinephrine |
36 mg lidocaine 0.018 epinephrine |
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Abbreviations |
AC : before meal PC after meal HS. at bedtime PRN. as necessary QD. daily BID. 2 times daily TID. 3 times daily QID four times daily QH every hour |
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Petuz-jeghers syndrome |
Melanin pigmentation of lips and oral mucosa |
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Fordyce diseases |
Sebaceous glands غدد دهنية in oral cavity |
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Fordyce diseases clinically.. |
Yellow spots Raised Bilaterally on mucousa and lips |
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Median rhomboid glossitis |
Congenital abnormality of the tongue |
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Median rhomboid glossitis |
Congenital abnormality of the tongue |
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Rhomboid glossitis clinically |
Ovoid-rhomboid shaped شكلها بيضوي معيني Reddish patch بقعة حمراء Anterior to the circumvallate papilla حليمات كأسية |
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Microdontia |
Small teeth Lateral upper third molar |
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Macrodontia ( Megalodontia) |
Large teeth |
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Germination |
التضاعف The tooth bud برعم attempt حاول divide Mostly in incisor area Two crowns One root |
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Fusion teeth |
Union of dentin or enamel of 2+ |
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Concerscence |
Roots of 2 connected by cementum only |
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Dilaceration |
Angulation or sharp curve in root |
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Dens in dent ( dens invaginatus) |
Invagination غزو / نمو of enamel before classification |
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Taurodontism |
الأسنان الثورية Effect in single tooth |
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Supernumerary teeth |
Arise تنشأ from an additional tooth bud in the dental lamina |
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Anodontia |
1 or more teeth are missing Hereditary or from X-ray at early age Malignancy خباثة Inherited diseases أمراض وراثية |
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Most common andontia |
3rd molars Premolars Maxillary lateral incisors |
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Amelogenesis imperfecta |
Hypoplastic Hypomineralized |
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Amelogenesis imperfecta hypoplastic... |
Reduce matrix, hard enamel |
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Amelogenesis imperfecta Hypomineralized... |
Defective mineralized تمعدن معيب, enamel is chalk, soft, stains easily سعل التصبغ, and fractures if dentin easily |
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Clinical amelogenesis imperfecta |
Yellowish brown crown |
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Reson of turner tooth |
Periapical inflammation of primary tooth Or truma to the developing bud |
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What is turner tooth |
Type of enamel hypoplastic Or Hypomineralized |
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Most common turner tooth |
Lower Premolars |
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Hutchinson incisors |
Associated with congenital syphilis زهري خلقي Notched edge حافة مسننة |
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Mulberry tooth |
Syphilis Multiple mulberry-like cusps |
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Dentinogenesis imperfecta clinical |
Teeth : translucent شفافة Or opalescent متوهجة in hueفي اللون Gray - violet بنفسجي enamel Fractured off early due to defective dentoenamel junction |
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Dentinogenesis imperfecta radiographic |
Obliteration طمس Partial or total of pulp chamber and root canal By : continued dentin formation The roots may be short |
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Dentinal dysplasia |
(rootless teeth) Clinical Normal shape Normal colors But Radiographic extremely short tooth, obliteration pulp |
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Gardner syndrome |
Hereditary disorder Characterized by colorectal polyps بوليبات القولون او أورام القولون الحميدة Osteomas أورام عظمية in face Like (cotton - wool) Supernumerary, impacted teeth |
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Pigmentation |
التصبغ |
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Bile pigment |
Green color |
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Erythroblastosis feralis |
Brown or blue hue |
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Tetracycline |
Yellow Or Brownish-gray |
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What is Erythroblastosis fetalis |
داء الكريات الحمراء الجنيني It is congenital hemolytic anemia فقر دم انحلالي خلقي Characterized by déposition ترسب of blood pigment |
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Fluorosis |
Type of enamel hypoplastia due to excess فائض fluoride intake ترسب Chlaky white or brown spotted stain تلطخ in enamel Is extrinsic staining تصبغ خارجي May it appear as mottled enamel منقط But it very resistant to carious attack |
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Fissural cysts |
Nonodontogenic cysts |
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Fissural cysts reason? |
Entrapment انحصار epithelium at the site of fusion of embryologic جنينية structures |
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Fissural cysts in the midline of the mandible |
Extremely rare |
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Most common nonodontogenic cysts? |
Incisive canal cyst Or median anterior maxillairy, nasopalatine cysts |
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Incisive canal cyst symptoms |
May be asymptomatic Or have a draining جاف fistula ناسور |
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Incisive canal cysts radiographic |
Heart shaped Or round |
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Median Palatal cysts |
In the line of fusion of palate It may produce large swelling |
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Median Palatal cyst radiographic |
Radiolucent area opposite premolar |
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Globulomaxillary cysts clinical |
Asymptomatic Between maxillairy lateral and cuspide Push teeth |
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Globulomaxillary cysts radiographic |
Teardrop-shaped radiolucency |
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Nasoalveolar cysts (nasolabial cysts) clinically |
Rarely found in bone Rarely in floor of the mouth Swelling mucolabial fold |
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Nasoalveolar (nasolabial) cysts Radiographic |
None Unless bone secondary affected |
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Nasoalveolar (nasolabial) cysts Radiographic |
None Unless bone secondary affected |
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Most common benign neoplasm of oral cavity it is from surface epithelium |
Papilloma |
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Papilloma clinically |
Small rough Cauliflower-like |
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Stalk |
ساق |
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Leukoplakia |
الطلاوة Any white black on oral mucosa Keratotic patch بقعة Due to chronic irritation |
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Leukoedema |
Variant condition of the buccal mucosa Increase in thikness of the epithelium and intracellular edema Of the stratum spinosum or stratum germinativum |
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Stratum spinosum |
طبقة الخلايا الشائكة |
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Stratum germinativum |
Or stratum basal طبقة الخلايا القاعدية |
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Leukoedema |
الوذمة البيضاء |
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Carcinoma in situ clinical |
سرطانة لابدة Resemble leukoplakia شبيه بالصداف And keratinization Red Ulcerated |
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Most common form of skin cancer? |
Basal cell carcinoma |
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Metastasizes |
ينتشر |
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Does basal cell carcinoma metastasize to other parts? |
Rarely |
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Basal cell carcinoma clinically |
Elevated papule حطاطة مرتفعة Or ulceration With rolled border Occurring on the skin |
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Does basal cell carcinoma occur in oral cavity |
Never Unless by invasion غزو form skin |
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Basal cell nervous syndrome clinical |
Basal cell carcinoma dermal جلدي cyst Multiple odontogenic keratocysts Bifid ribs Abnormalities or eyes, nerves, gonads غدد تناسلية |
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Most common Malignancy of the oral cavity |
Squamous cell carcinoma السرطان حرشفي الخلايا |
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Wher we see squamous cell carcinoma? |
Most often : lareral tongue 😝 Less : flour Rere : posterior hard palate |
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Epidermoid clinical |
= squamous cell carcinoma Clinical : ulcerated growth, Indurated base قاعدة متصلبة |
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Adenocarcinoma |
سرطان الخلايا الغدية |
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Mostt deadly of all Malignancies |
Malignant melanoma But rare in oral cavity |
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Malignant melanoma clinically? |
Enlarging pigmented area Surrounding erythema احمرار جلد Widespread metastases نقاءل to regional nodes عقد لمفية then lungs |
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Metastatic carcinoma clinically |
Swelling of the jaw and mandible Paresthésia or Anesthesia of lip and gingival hemorrhage |
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Regressive alteration of teeth |
التعديلات التراجعية للأسنان |
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Attrition |
صرير الأسنان |
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Cause of dental attrition |
Due to tooth-to-tooth contact |
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Attrition |
Physiologica wearing |
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Abrasion |
سحل ميكانيكي Pathologic Due to Abnormal mechanical process Such as an abrasive dentifrice معجون سحل
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Erosion |
Loos tooth substance by a chemical process e. g., lemon 🍋, stomach acid |
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Sclerotic dentin |
العاج المتصلب Injury or slowly process>increase mineralization >reduce odontoblastic conductivity تنقص الناقلية العاجية |
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Dead tracts |
High degree of irritation>death of odontoblasts Sealed off from pulp by an atubular Clacified material Increases with age |
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What is denticles |
Pulp stones |
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Where we see denticles |
Most common in pulp chamber |
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Internal resorption clinical |
Pink tooth |
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Hypercementosis |
فرط تكون الملاط Larg amounts if secondary cementum |
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Gonorrhea |
السيلان |
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Stomatitis |
التهاب الفم |
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Furunculosis |
داء الغدد |
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Pyogenic granuloma |
الورم الحبيبي القيحي |
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Proliferative tissue |
نسيج تكاثري |
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Pyogenic granuloma clinical |
On gingiva or lips tongue and Buccal Elevated sessile لاطئة mass Ulcerated Hemorrhage Low virulence خباثة |
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Endocrine |
غدد صماء |
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Giant cell granuloma |
Foreign body granuloma |
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Benign migratory glossitis |
Géographic tongue التهاب اللسان المهاجر الحميد |
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Géographique tongue Clinical |
Multiple areas of desquamation تقشر of filiforme papillae حليمات خيطية Central inflamed lesion Thin border yellow or white band Asymptomatic |
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Vesicle formation |
تشكل حويصلة |
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Rupture |
تمزق |
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Aphthous |
قلاع |
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Proliferation |
تكاثر |
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Ectodermal |
الأديم الظاهر |
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Dental lamina and bud stage when |
Sixth week of embryonic life |
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Éruption and shedding of teeth |
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Primary teeth development time |
Begins at 6 week Clacified 14 week (4-6 month) |
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When apices of primary teeth complet |
3 years |
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Slender |
نحيل |
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Cleidocranial dysostosis |
Clavicle ترقوة Carnim قحف Dys-ostosis خلل تعظم |
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Treatment of cleidocranial dysostosis |
Only Remove all teeth and ful dentures |
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Dilaceration |
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Ectodermal dyplasia, Characterized by.. |
Abnormalities of the ectodermal structure ( hair, nail, teeth) |
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Ectodermal dyplasia teeth? |
Congenitally absent teeth Microdontial Abnormally shaped teeth such as : Peg-shaped أسنان وتدية Pointed teeth |
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With any disease we see macrodontia? |
Otodental syndrome Or Otodental dysplasia |
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Dens evaginatus |
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Internal resorption cause? |
Abnormal response to a pulpotomy |
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Color of gingiva |
Light pink |
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Shape of gingiva |
Stippled مرقطة |
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Prophylaxie |
الوقاية من المرض |
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Herpes simplex clinical |
White liquid-filled vesicles حويصلات ممتلئة بيضاء Ruptured in few days تتمزق Ulcer with whitish Grey membrane and have a circumscribed area منطقة محددة بوضوح of information |
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Cold sore |
قرحة الزكام |
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Fetor Oris |
رائحة فم كريحة |
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Time healing herpes simplex |
7-10 |
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Treatment of candidiasis |
Topically : nystatin Systemically : ketoconazole |
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Pharyngeal candidiasis combiened with... |
Hiv positive antibody test > AIDS |
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Herpangina ( coxacki A virus) |
In young children Mouth ulcer Sore throat Hight fever Headache ... Self-limiting, heal in 1 week |
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Strawberry tongue in... |
Scarlet fever |
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How many classes in Ellis's classification? |
4 This for crown fracture |
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Most reliable test after teeth traumatized? |
Thermal ♨ |
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Tome fo Resting of tooth after trauma |
10-14 day |
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Splinting of tooth fracture |
3-4 week |
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Avulsed teeth |
أسنان مخلوعة |
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Teeth interdigitation |
تشابك الأسنان |
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Protruding / protrude |
بارزه |
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Primare space in primary dentition |
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When period of adolescence |
Girl 11-14 Boys 13-16 |
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High of face And when |
120mm 70% during first growth spurt 15-20% during plateu period 10% adolescent period |
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Cephalometric analysis |
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Torque movement |
حركة دورانية |
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Ramus |
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Space maintenance : missing first primary molar |
Band and loop |
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Drifting |
انسلال |
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Impaction bicuspid |
انحشار الضاحك |
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Space maintener : untimely loss of second primary molar |
Distal shoe |
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Space maintener : bilateral loss of mor than 1 tooth, or loss many anteriors? |
Kiddy partial Mean Acrylic denture |
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Distal shoe depth |
1mm in alveolar bone |
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Bionator |
Passive Mandibular Reposition and change eruption |
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Frankel |
Correction class 1 and class 2 |
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Jackscrew |
Open middle Palatal suture >correction of posterior crossbites |
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Nance (transpalatal) |
No Mesial movement of maxillary molars |
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Tooth alignment |
ارتصاف الأسنان |
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Prerequisite |
متطلب أساسي |
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Behavior attribuable to training |
التصرف. متعلق/ مرتبط. بالتديب |
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Reprimanding |
توبيخ / تأنيب |
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Rescheduling |
إعادة الجدولة |
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Obtain parental consent |
الحصول على موافقة الأهل |
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Concentration of nitrous oxide |
50% |
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Most common effects of N2O2 |
Nausea 🤢غثيان Vomiting 🤮 |
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Patients must be under observation |
تحت الملاحظة |
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Pneumothorax |
استرواح الصدر |
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Contraindication drugs with N2O2 |
Bleomycin Methyl....... Folat 😁 |
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Hemophilia |
ناعور |
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Local anesthesia in children |
2% lido, with epinephrine 3% mepivacaine without 4%prilocain with epinephrine 1/200,000 |
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Maximum dosages of all anesthetic |
4.4 mg/kg |
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Splenectomy |
استئصال الطحال |
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Prosthetic heart valves |
صمام قلب اصطناعي |
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Prophy angle |
قبضة ميكروتور |
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Dilantin or phenyton cause... |
Painless hyperplasia of gingiva |
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Extinction |
اخماد ،انقراض انك تخفي شغلة من الشغلات المخفية |
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Long term treatment of anxiety |
SSRIs Selecriv Sérotonine Reuptake Inhibitors |
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Short term anxiety attacks treatment |
Diazepam (Valium) |
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Titration |
المعايرة |
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DMFT.... Whaaat? |
Tooth loss indices Decayed, Missing, Filled Tooth Is 1-28 |
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What type of fluoride cause mottling? |
Only systemic |
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In wich fluoride concentration we see mottling? |
2-3 ppm |
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Toxic fluoride dose |
5mg/kg |
|
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Lethal dose of fluoride? |
الجرعة المميتة 20-50 mg/kg |
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Weight of Fluor in fluoride products? |
43% |
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Dental Literature |
أدبيات طب الأسنان |
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Anecdotal evidence |
أدلة قولية |
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Clinical outcome |
نتائج سريرية |
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Probability and certainty |
محتمل و قناعة |
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Assertion |
تأكيد |
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Rational belief Superstition |
اعتقاد عقلاني خرافة |
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Occupational safety |
سلامة مهنية |
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Standard Precaution |
الاحتياطات المعيارية |
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Disinfectant should kill... |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Protozoa |
كائن وحيد الخلية |
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Spores |
ابواغ |
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Autoclave |
121° c, for 20-30 minutes, at 15 psi pressure |
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Dry-clave |
160° c, for 1-2 hours |
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Only sterilized chemical? |
Ethlen Oxid 8-12 hours |
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Evaporate |
يتبخر |
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Chemiclave |
Alcohol / formaldyhyde 132° c, 20-40 psi 20-30 minutes |
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Hazardous wast |
نفايات خطيرة |
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Vaccination |
💉 تلقيح |
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Ethics |
اخلاق |
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Loan |
قرض |
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Placebo |
علاج وهمي |
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SORT highest level of evidence |
High quality randomized control trial of treatment |
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Competence |
مهارة |
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Non-disclosure |
عدم الافشاء |
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Authorization |
اذن |
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Gingiva is resilient |
مرنة |
|
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Bundles |
حزم |
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Cushion hammock ligament |
Horizontal fibers |
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Oblique fibers |
ألياف مائلة |
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Probing |
سبر |
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Probe of furcations |
مسبر مفترقات الجذور Nabes probe |
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Moderate clinical attachment loss |
3-4 mm CAL |
|
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Gingival indices |
0 normal 1 no bleeding 2 redness, edema, bleeding probing 3... |
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Plaque index |
0 no 1 plaque film 2 moderate accumulation تراكم معتدل 3 abundance accumulation تراكم غزير |
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Mobility miller's index |
0 1 2 up to 1 mm movement 3 greater than 1 |
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It enhance plaque |
يزيد اللويحة |
|
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Grinding or clenching of teeth (bruxism) |
صرير او حصر الأسنان ( صرير الأسنان) |
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Fluctuating hormones |
تقلبات الهرمونات |
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Menopause |
سن اليأس |
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Puberty |
سن البلوغ |
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Xerostomia |
جفاف الفم |
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Gums hypertrophy |
تضخم اللثة |
|
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|
Medication cause gums hypertrophy? |
Phenytoin ( Dilantin) Cyclosporin ( Neoral, Sandimmun) Nifedipine ( Adalt, Cardizem,) |
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Vitamin C deficiency cause |
Scurvy الاسقربوط |
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Localized juvenile periodontists |
Age < 25 |
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Protrude Retrude Extrude |
بروز تراجع منبثق |
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Anti-epilepsy medication |
أدوية مضادة للصرع |
|
|
|
Medication cause Gingivaaaaaal hyperplasia |
Anti epilepsy ( Dilantin) Beta-blockers |
|
|
|
What is Gingivosis? |
Chronic desquamative gingivitis التهاب اللثة التوسفي |
|
|
|
Malnourishment |
سوء تغذية |
|
|
|
Gingivosis cause |
Malnourishment |
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Atrophy |
تلاشي |
|
|
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Hyperparathyroidism cause |
فرط نشاط جارات الدرق يسبب Increase in serum calcium > loss bony support > loss teeth and drift انسلال |
|
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Herpetic gingivostomatits |
التهاب اللثة والفم الهربسي |
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|
Herpetic gingivostomatitis signs |
Bleeding Fever Malaise توعك Lymphadenopathy اعتلال عقد لمفية Fetor Oris بخر الفم |
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Atherosclerosis |
التهاب الشرايين |
|
|
|
Storke |
سكتة دماغية |
|
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|
Premature berths |
ولادة مبكرة |
|
|
|
Tetracycline advantages |
Concentration in gingival crevice 2-10 times than serum |
|
|
|
Tetracycline dosage |
250 mg, 4 times daily |
|
|
|
Minocycline |
5 time in gingival fluid Dosage 2 times daily |
|
|
|
Doxycycline dosage |
100 mg bid first day Then 100 mg o.d Then 50 mg bid |
|
|
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Metronidazol dosage |
205mg tid for week |
|
|
|
Penicillin dosage |
500mg tid for 8 days |
|
|
|
Azithromycin dosage |
500 mg od for 3 days Then Single dose of 250 mg for 5 days |
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Oseeous dehiscence |
طحن العظم |
|
|
|
Osseuse fenestration |
ثبات العظم |
|
|
|
Split |
شق |
|
|
|
Conventional flap |
شريحة تقليدية |
|
|
|
Modified Widman flap, what is it? |
Flap with internal bevel incision 1-2 mm from the free gingiva margin |
|
|
|
Most common flap design |
Modified Widman flap |
|
|
|
Ostectomy |
Remove tooth-suppirting bone |
|
|
|
Osteoplasty |
Remove non support bone |
|
|
|
Bone sharp peaks |
قمم عظمية حادة نواتئ |
|
|
|
Edentulous ridge |
من الحافة السنخية |
|
|
|
Exostoses |
عرن عظمي |
|
|
|
Iliac autograft |
طعم ذاتي |
|
|
|
Allograft |
طعم من شخص آخر |
|
|
|
Xenografts |
Such as calf bone. عظم الساق |
|
|
|
Nonbone graft materials : |
Hydroxyapatite Ceramic |
|
|
|
Biologically compatible materials |
مواد ملائمة حيويا |
|
|
|
Osseointegration |
التعشيق العظمي |
|
|
|
How long between extraction and Implant typically? |
8 weeks |
|
|
|
How long recommended healing time after Implant |
3 months |
|
|
|
Idial bone consideration for Implant |
10 بالطول 6 بالعرض 3 بعيد عن الزرعة المجاورة 1 عن السن المجاور |
|
|
|
Implant and mental foramen |
Up 3 mm, 5 mm |
|
|
|
Implant posterior mandible and inferior alveolar nerve canal |
2 mm above |
|
|
|
Anterior maxilla Implant and nasal vestibule? |
1 mm |
|
|
|
Posterior maxilla Implant and floor of sinus? |
1 mm |
|
|
|
How long maxilla osseointegration |
Minimum 6 months |
|
|
|
Sinus Augmentation |
رفع قاع الجيب الفكي |
|
|
|
Sinus Augmentation healing time? |
6-9 months |
|
|
|
Toothbrush bristles |
شعيرات فرشاة الأسنان |
|
|
|
Best toothbrushe technique for subgingival plaque? |
Bass technique ( sulcular) 45° angle pointed apically enter the gingival sulcus الثلم اللثوي |
|
|
|
Charters technique ? |
45° angle occlusally and vibrated slowly |
|
|
|
Best technique for interproximal area? |
Charters |
|
|
|
Stillman technique ? |
On gingiva and tooth Aimed apically And forced laterally And slight rotating movement |
|
|
|
Rolling technique? |
On mucosa And rolling motion |
|
|
|
Powered toothbrush? |
Limited dexterity محدودي القدرات Children Caregivers |
|
|
|
Disclosing tanlets? |
الحبوب الكاشفة |
|
|
|
Stimudent |
نكاشة الأسنان |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Teeth compromised beyond restoration |
اعتبر السن لا يمكن ترميمه |
|
|
|
Fine finance |
غرامة ، وتأتي بمعنى ( جيد) مالي |
|
|
|
Exophytic lesions |
آفات خارجية يعني ظاهرة بالفم |
|
|
|
Hypertrophic lesions |
آفات ضخمة |
|
|
|
Epuli |
آفة ضخمة بالفم |
|
|
|
Epulis fissuratum |
ورم لثوي تشققي ناتج عن طقم الأسنان |
|
|
|
Tuberosity Reduction |
تخفيف الحدبة جراحيا |
|
|
|
Recontouring the bone |
تجديد شكل العظم يعني هندمة 😄 |
|
|
|
Exostosis |
Or tori عرن عظمي |
|
|
|
Bony prominence |
Exostosis Tori بروز او عرن نفس الشي |
|
|
|
Denture-bearing area |
منطقة تحمل طقم الأسنان |
|
|
|
Vestibuloplasty |
Reposition the vestibular fold إعادة توضع الطية أو التجويف الدهليزي |
|
|
|
Ferrule |
طويق معدني معناها المنطقة من التاج التي تأتي تحت اللثة |
|
|
|
Orthodontic Extrusion ¿¿ |
التبزيغ التقويمي |
|
|
|
Length of ferrule |
1.5-2 mm |
|
|
|
Properties of the material |
خصائص بتجي بمعنى ملكية These are my properties |
|
|
|
Preliminary impression |
طبعة أولية |
|
|
|
Impression compound |
مركب الطبع No undercut No teeth Must be poured up immediately يجب ان يسكب فوراً، يعني لازم تنصب الطبعة بسرعة It will distort يتخرب as it stressed over time |
|
|
|
Substance give more working time to alginate |
Potassium or sodium ions |
|
|
|
Increase temperature water in alginate Means... |
Increase rate of setting ( short time of setting) |
|
|
|
Rim-lock tray |
طابع بحواف مغلقة |
|
|
|
Hysteresis |
التباطؤ |
|
|
|
Relatively accurate |
دقيق نسبياً |
|
|
|
Thickness of polysulfide |
2-4 mm |
|
|
|
Time of polysulfied is decreased by high ambient temperature and high humidity |
وقت عمل البولي سولفيت يقل بزيادة الحرارة المحيطة والرطوبة |
|
|
|
Polysulfied poured time |
Few minutes بس البقية ساعة Polyrthers يوم وأكتر |
|
|
|
Children fluoride |
|
|
|
|
Oldest impression material |
Dental plaster |
|
|
|
Upper rim of wax in rest lipe |
1 mm |
|
|
|
Vertical dimensions of occlusion |
2-5 mm |
|
|
|
Important muscles to retention complete denture? |
Buccinator Orbicularis Oris Intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue |
|
|
|
Posterior Palatal seal |
Aids in retention Compensates يعوض shrinkage نقص او تقلص او تراجع of Acrylic during processing of denture |
|
|
|
Reason of cheek-biting |
Lake of horizontal overlap تداخل of the posterior teeth Posterior teeth set to far facial of edge-to-edge |
|
|
|
Reason of sore throat and difficulty swallowing |
Maxillairy : overextended posterior border Mandibular : overextended distolingual flange Excessive vertical dimension occlusion |
|
|
|
Reason of clicking |
Excessive VOD Lack of retention Overextended mandibular denture |
|
|
|
Reason Soreness in vestibular region? |
Overextended border Impingement of the frena الاصطدام باللجام |
|
|
|
Cause of burning sensation? |
Maxillary : pressure on anterior papilla Mandibular : pressure on the mental nerve |
|
|
|
Time between immediate denture and the new one |
8-10 week |
|
|
|
Flask |
بوتقة |
|
|
|
Intimate contact |
اتصال صميمي |
|
|
|
Shallow Palatal vault |
قبة حنك ضحلة |
|
|
|
Denture dislodgment |
وقعت البدلة |
|
|
|
Occlusal interfaces |
تدخلات اطباقية |
|
|
|
Denture flanges |
حواف البدلة |
|
|
|
Maintenance |
صيانة |
|
|
|
Sips |
رشفات |
|
|
|
Candida albicans may appear as : |
Angular chelitits Thrush Erythematous or papillomatous candidiasis |
|
|
|
Thrush |
White patches on Buccal mucosa or Palate |
|
|
|
Papillomatous candidiasis? |
Red patches or bumps on palate |
|
|
|
Extension |
درد وتأتي بمعنى امتداد وتوسع |
|
|
|
Edentulous |
درد اكيد هالمرة 😄 |
|
|
|
Tooth contours |
المحيط الاعظمي للسن |
|
|
|
Retentive portion of the clasp arm, where? |
In the gingival third of the tooth |
|
|
|
Reciprocal arm |
الذراع المكافئ |
|
|
|
How is reciprocal arm |
Shorter and more rigid اكثر صلابة |
|
|
|
Major connector shaped |
Bars Plates Straps. أشرطة |
|
|
|
Major connector shaped |
Bars Plates Straps. أشرطة |
|
|
|
Fulcrum line |
متل محور الدوران |
|
|
|
Embrasures |
فرجة بين الأسنان |
|
|
|
Common place for indirect retention? |
Lingual surface of the canines And Mesial surface of the premolar |
|
|
|
Rest seat |
Should be Perpendicular to long axis of the tooth عمودي على المحور الطولي |
|
|
|
Types of rest seat? |
Occlusal Incisal Cingulum الناتئ العنقي للسن |
|
|
|
Elastic material |
مادة مرنة |
|
|
|
Examples of elastic materials |
Polysulfied Polyvinylsiloxane |
|
|
|
Framework |
القالب المعدني الأساسي للجهاز |
|
|
|
Gypsum |
جبس |
|
|
|
Distortion |
تشوه |
|
|
|
Porcelaine fused to metal crown, facial surface? |
1.5 - 1.75 mm |
|
|
|
Non-porous |
غير مسامي |
|
|
|
Reversible hydrocolloid impression poured? |
First of all 2% putassium sulfate solution for 5 minutes > increase hardness |
|
|
|
Reversible hydrocolloid impression poured? |
First of all 2% putassium sulfate solution for 5 minutes > increase hardness |
|
|
|
PH os Zinc phosphates ? |
3.5 |
|
|
|
Glass slab |
بلاطة زجاجية لوح المزج 😄 |
|
|
|
Highest compressiv strength cement? |
Zinc Phosphates |
|
|
|
ZOE Compatible with pulpal tissue |
متوافق |
|
|
|
Selective grinding |
طحن انتقائي على ورق العض يعني |
|
|
|
Évaluation of systemic diseases |
تقييم الأمراض الجهازية |
|
|
|
Healing period of implants? |
4-6 أشهر |
|
|
|
Perpendicular of parallel |
عمودية او موازية |
|
|
|
Feasibility |
قابلية التنفيذ |
|
|
|
Controversial |
مثير للجدل |
|
|
|
Délicat tissue |
انسجة حساسة |
|
|
|
Précise impression |
طبعة دقيقة |
|
|
|
Implant diameter |
قطر الزرعة |
|
|
|
Provisionalization |
Temporary 😒 |
|
|
|
Tuberosity Reduction may be required to... |
Increase inter-arch space to make room for the denture |
|
|
|
Common cause for severe cheek-biting... |
Lack of Buccal overjet |
|
|
|
Saturation Densness Or strength of a given color is called... |
Chroma |
|
|
|
Most common failure in a porcelaine-fused-to-metal crown occurs within... |
The porcelain itself |
|
|
|
Enaleml deficiency and veneer |
Contrat indication |
|
|
|
Time to healing of surgical site And osseointegration is |
6-8 weeks |
|
|
|
The advantages of screw prostheses in implant |
|
|
|
|
Pulse |
نبض |
|
|
|
Normal diastolic blood pressure? |
80 90 يعتبر عالي |
|
|
|
Respiratory rates And blood pressure In children |
20s 100s |
|
|
|
Angina |
ذبحة صدرية |
|
|
|
Anticoagulants |
مضادات تخثر |
|
|
|
Indicate potential bleeding problems |
تشير إلى مشاكل نزف محتملة |
|
|
|
Angina medicine |
Nitroglycerin |
|
|
|
MAO inhibitors and epinephrine |
مثبطات الاوكسيد احادي الامين علاج للاكتئاب مثل: Phenelzine, and, isocarboxazid Are incompatible > sever acut hypertension can results |
|
|
|
Emphysema |
انتفاخ الرئة |
|
|
|
Synergistically |
تآزريا |
|
|
|
Controversial |
مثيل للجدل |
|
|
|
Extraction for hepatic patients |
Using standard precautions احتياطات |
|
|
|
Premedication antibiotic, not amoxicillin.. |
600 mg clindamycin PO 1 hour before treating Or Azithromycin 500 po ( by mouth) |
|
|
|
Sweet sensitivity? |
Early carious lesions |
|
|
|
Anticonvulsant and hypnotic |
مضاد اختلاج و منوم |
|
|
|
Bullae |
فقاعات |
|
|
|
A patient has allergic response to procaine(Novocaine) The substance can't substitute with him also.. |
Benzocaine Because these two are esters |
|
|
|
Amount of carbocaine in 3 carpules 3% is |
162mg 54mg in every one |
|
|
|
Dentist accidentally injects lidocaine with epinephrine intravascularly, wich symptoms is connected only with local anesthetic? |
CNS depression can occur with a local anesthetic overdose > Drowsiness |
|
|
|
Wich material is added to local anesthetic and why? |
HCl>increase tissue ph>aids in absorption |
|
|
|
Most recommended suture with skin |
6-0 nylon |
|
|
|
Patient extraction first 24 hours Don't do... |
Keep socket well rinsed |
|
|
|
Whe anesthetic entre infected tissu What happened? |
Infected tissu >acid ph>preponderance of ionic form >less profound anesthesia |
|
|
|
Extraction tooth #30 anesthesia nerve... |
Inferior alveolar nerve Ligual Long buccal |
|
|
|
Bisphosphonates and dentoalveolar surgery are at least ______ times mor likely to develop BRONJ than patient who are not having dentoalveolar surgery |
7 times |
|
|
|
New American Heart Association guidelines emphasize... |
Compressions first Then airway and breathing |
|
|
|
Phlébites |
التهاب الوريد |
|
