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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alport syndrome |
X-linked inherited deficiency in type IV collagen Kidney failure Hearing loss Leiomyomatosis Eye changes Aortic dissection Post-kidney transplant, patients can rarely develop autoantibodies to type IV collagen, similar to the pathology in Goodpasture syndrome (Alport post-transplant anti-GBM disease) |
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Post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) |
B-cell clonality associated with EBV due to immunosuppression Treatment: reduction of immunosuppression and chemotherapy |
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Renal tubular acidosis |
RTA type 1 - more common than type 2, associated with sjogren's disease RTA type 2 - Wilson's disease, fanconi etc |
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Indication for urgent kidney transplant |
Lack of dialysis access Severe psychological problem Severe complication of haemodialysis (eg hypotension during dialysis) Uraemic polyneuropathy |
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Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis |
Due to reaction to drugs eg NSAIDs, penicillin Arthralgia, fever, rash Raised urea, creatinine Eosinophilia, eosinophils in urine Raised IgE |
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Sterile pyuria |
WCC>10 in urine If suspicious of infection, think genitourinary TB and send off urine for mycobacterial culture |
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Small kidney |
Chronic pyelonephritis (most likely if previous pyelonephritis) Congenital renal atrophy Renal artery stenosis (very rare in young adults unless due to fibromuscular dysplasia or takayasu arteritis) |
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ADPKD screening |
Renal USS - most accurate after 20 years old, as you can get false negative when scanned before 20 |
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Bartter, Gitelman, Liddle |
Bartter presents in childhood due to failure to thrive |
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Graft rejection |
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Scleroderma renal crisis |
AKI + hypertension + MAHA Tachycardia/arrhythmia +/- LV failure due to raised TPR in MAHA Treat with ACE inhibitor, monitor BP and renal function |
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Fibromuscular dysplasia |
"Flash" pulmonary oedema in young adults with no cardiac problem. "String of beads" caused by areas of relative stenoses alternating with small aneurysms Most commonly found in renal or carotid arteries |
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Nephrogenic Vs Cranial DI |
In Cranial DI, urine plasmolality should >660mOsmol/kg after desmopressin |
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Glomerulosclerosis |
As scarring of kidney is already established, it is less useful to treat with steroid/immunosuppressant. Control of BP has more impact on prognosis |
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Pre-op criteria in CKD patients |
K+ <5.5, If higher than 5.5 need to treat first and delay the surgery |
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Transplant categorisation |
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