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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Phenotype |
This describes an individual's observable characteristics such as hair color skin color height and build. |
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Genotype |
The genetic makeup of an individual which we cannot see without sequencing and based on genetic material |
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Polygenic traits |
There are multiple genes controlling a single trait like skin color |
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Epigenetics |
Your environment has an effect on which genes are turned on; researchers study how the same genotype can lead to very different phenotypes. |
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Nervous system |
Coordinates the actions of an organism by transmitting signals |
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Neurons |
Sells that serve as interconnected information processes; made up of the nucleus, dendrite, cell membrane, cell body or soma, axon, milding sheath, and terminal buttons. |
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Glial cells |
Lots of different kinds of cells; they support neurons, allow neuronal communication, provide insulation for neurons, transport nutrients and waste products, and they mediate immuno-responses. |
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Membrane potential |
How information moves throughout the neuron |
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Somatic and autonomatic nervous systems |
The Peripheral nervous system (PNS) is broken down into what? |
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Voluntary or conscious action |
The somatic nervous system controls what? |
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Involuntary action like internal organs or glands |
The Automatic nervous system controls what? |
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Autonomatic nervous system |
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems which work together to create homeostasis in our bodies. These actions are involved in what nervous system? |
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Contralateral |
Opposite side |
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Ipsilateral |
Same side |
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Contralateral |
Most senses follow this so if you see something with your left eye you're right hemisphere of your brain receives the information. |
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Agonist |
Chemicals that mimic a neurotransmitter at the receptor site |
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Antagonist |
Blocks or impedes the normal activity of a neurotransmitter at the receptor |
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Central nervous system |
Compressed of the brain and spinal cord |
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Peripheral nervous system |
Connects the CNS to the rest of the body |
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Sympathetic nervous system |
Involved in preparing the body for stress-related activities |
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Parasympathetic nervous system |
Associated with returning the body to normal day-to-day routine operations |
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Homeostasis |
the state of equilibrium or balance in which biological conditions such as body temperature are maintained at optimal levels |
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Neuroplasticity |
Refers to how the nervous system can change and adapt |
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Corpus callosum |
allows the two hemispheres to communicate with each other and allows for information being processed on one side of the brain to be shared with the other |
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Dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin |
Which three neurotransmitters have roles in appetite suppression |
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gamma-minobutryic acid (GABA) and beta-endorphins |
Which two neurotransmitters have roles in decreased anxiety? |
