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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is syphillis caused by?
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Treponema pallidum
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What is another name for Syphillis?
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The great imitator
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What are some locations where the bacteria for syphillis can enter the body?
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tongue and vagina
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How can syphillis be diagnosed?
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blood test and dark-field microscope
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What are some treatments for Syphillis?
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tetracycline
penicillin ceftriaxone |
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In the United States, tapeworms are usually contracted by whom?
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young children
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When a cow eats grass infected with tapeworm eggs, it becomes a(n) ____host?
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intermediary host
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Tapeworms belong to what bacterial classification?
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helminthes
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The most common ways humans contract tapeworms in the United States are?
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contaminated food/water; contact with fleas
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The tapeworm attaches to the host how?
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hooks or suckers
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In what year was MRSA discovered?
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1961
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S. aureus is of what morphology and is it positive or negative gram stain?
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gram positive cocci
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What percent of health care workers test positive for MRSA?
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33%
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Some of the treatment for MRSA include _?
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I & D
Antibiotic Therapy |
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What are some of the signs and symptoms of having MRSA?
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boil
spot looking like a spider bite fever rash |
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Ringworm belongs to what group?
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Fungus
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How can you get ringworm?
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direct contact
indirect contact animals soil |
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What war was going on when the United States started to study ringworm?
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World War II
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What are the symptoms of ringworm?
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itchy circular rash
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What fungus involves tinea corporis?
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Trichophyton
Microsporum |
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Shingles is caused by the same virus that causes what?
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Chicken Pox
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What are some of the symptoms of shingles?
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Itching
Tingling Chills |
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People who are at higher risk for developing shingles are whom?
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those who are over 50 years old
those who have AIDS Those who are on immunosuppressants |
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The name of the virus that causes shingles is what?
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Varicella zoster
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One with shingles develops what?
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blister like lesions on the skin
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All of the following are risk factors for contracting necrotizing fascitis except:
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race
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Which bacteria is the main cause of necrotizing fascitis?
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Streptococcus pyogenes
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How is necrotizing fascitis transmitted?
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direct contact transmission
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Which of the following is considered an early symptom of necrotizing fascitis?
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patient experiences flu like symptoms
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Who is more likely to contract necrotizing fascitis?
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adults
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Who is more suceptible to Toxic Shock Syndrome?
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women ages 15-44
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Which bacteria most commonly causes TSS?
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Staphlococcus aureus
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All of the following are symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome except:
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excessive thirst
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In what year did the first epidemic of TSS break out?
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1981
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How will the bacteria that cause Toxic Shock Syndrome Gram stain?
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gram positive
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What criteria is used to diagnose rheumatic fever?
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Jones
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What pathogen is involved with rheumatic fever?
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Streptococcus
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Rheumatic fever commonly weakens which of the following?
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heart
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Rheumatic fever may follow which illness if not properly treated?
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strep throat
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Rheumatic fever most commonly infects which group of people?
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children ages 6-15
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Tuberculosis is caused by which bacteria?
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis was first discovered by whom?
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Robert Koch
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The specialized mask designed to protect the healthcare worker from almost all airborn pathogens is called what?
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N95 Respirator
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Symptoms of latent TB infections DO NOT include
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night sweats
persistent, productive, painful cough blood tinged sputum |
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How long is the recommended medication regimen for a patient with active TB?
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6-12 months
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Where do the pathogenic bacteria reside in the mouth that cause periodontal disease?
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in the dental biofilm
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What are the three bacteria called that contribute to peridontal disease?
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red complex bacteria
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What other health problems can periodontal disease contribute to?
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heart disease
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What is the most significant risk factor for periodontal disease?
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smoking
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T. denticola, P. gingivalis, and B. forsythus are all gram what?
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gram negative
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Helicobacter pylori is what kind of bacteria?
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gram negative rod shaped bacteria
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The most common test for identifying the infection in humans is what?
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endoscopy
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Helicobacter pylori is the most common infection in the world with _% of the population infected?
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50%
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Preventative measures against H. pylori peptic ulcer disease include?
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washing hands
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Ulcers can be caused by what?
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stress
smoking helicobacter pylori NSAIDS |
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Candidiasis is caused by what?
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overgrowth of candida albicans
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Who is at risk for getting a yeast infection?
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people on antibiotics
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Where does Candida albicans generally reside in the body?
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mouth, gastrointestinal tract, skin, vagina
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Can Candidiasis be transmitted through sexual contact?
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it is not known since it naturally occurs in the vagina
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How is Candidiasis treated?
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pills and creams
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Where was the first outbreak of Ebola?
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Yambuku
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How many different strands of Ebola affect humans?
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3
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The disease that causes infection with Ebola virus is named after a river where?
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The Democratic Republic of the Congo
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All of these are diagnostic tools except?
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CT Scan
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What is the viruses natural reservoir?
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African fruit bats
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What was used to detect West Nile Virus in the 1990's?
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PCR
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West Nile Virus belongs to what disease causing viruses?
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flaviviruses
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Someone with a serious case of encephalitis can get secondary infections like what?
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pneumonia and urinary tract infections
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Mosquitoes are most active during which months?
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April to October
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A vaccine for West Nile Virus is available for which group?
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Horses
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Tamiflu and Relenza will relieve symptoms of Avian Influenza if taken within how many hours?
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48
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Where and when was the first case of Avian influenza reported?
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Hong Kong 1997
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At what age range is the mortality of those with Avian flu the highest?
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10-19
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What is the death rate for patients with confirmed cases of Avian flu?
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50%
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The prognosis for patients with Avian flu is?
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depends on the severity of the infection
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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is caused by what virus?
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Rickettsia Ricketsii
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What are the later signs and symptoms of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
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rash
abdominal pain joint pain diarrhea |
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How is the Rocky Mountain spotted fever disease contracted?
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tick bite
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What region of the United States has the most outbreaks of Rocky Mountain Spotted fever?
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South Atlantic
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How long does it take to treat Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
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5-10 days
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H1N1 is considered what kind of disease?
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Pandemic disease
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Common symptoms of H1N1 include all except:
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Blurred vision
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What action can you take daily to prevent spreading H1N1?
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cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze
wash your hands frequently stay at home if you get sick |
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Who is most likely to contract H1N1?
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pregnant women
young people |
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How do the majority of patients who contract swine flu feel?
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Feel terrible but recover with no problems
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