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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a Chloroplast? (3) |
* A plastid in plant cells * Performs photosynthesis * Converts the energy a cell receives from sunlight into energy |
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Describe the Endoplasmic Reticulum (2) |
* Rough = sacs (cisternae); makes proteins; attached to nuclear envelope; has ribosomes on its surface * Smooth = tubes; makes lipids, detoxification |
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Describe Flagellum & Cilia (4) |
* Both made up of microtubules * Motility, locomotion and sensory, feeding & filtering * Only in protozoa and animal cells * 9 + 2 arrangement |
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Describe the Golgi Apparatus (2) |
* The "Post Office" of the cell * Modification, sorting, processing and secretion of cell products through transport vesicles |
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Describe the Mitochondrion (4) |
* Creates ATP through cellular respiration * Reproduces by fission * "Cytoplasm" is called Matrix, full of Ribosomes, DNA and Enzymes * Prokaryote sized ribosome: 70S
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Describe a Vacuole. (3) |
* Membrane bound sacs for: * Food storage * Waste disposal |
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Describe the Nucleus (4) |
* Surrounded by nuclear envelope * Has nuclear pores * "Brain" that controls all cellular activities * Contains DNA called Chromatin |
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Describe the Nucleolus (2) |
* Found in the nucleus * Makes ribosomes |
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Describe Ribosomes (3) |
* Can be free in the cytoplasm or attached to the Rough ER * Makes proteins * Large (60S) & small (40S) subunits 80S |
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Describe the Peroxisome (2) |
* Metabolic functions * Produces H2O2 as a byproduct which it converts to H2O |
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Describe a Lysosome (3) |
* Digestive organelle * Contains strong hydrolytic enzymes to break things down through endocytosis or phagocytosis * Formed on the Rough ER, processed by the Golgi in a heavy duty container |
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Describe a Vesicle |
Material transport unit |
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Describe the Cytoskeleton (4) |
* Reinforces cell shape * Functions in cell movement * Made of protein * Microfilaments, microtubules |
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Describe Thylakoids. (4) |
* Locations of pigments * Sites of photosynthesis * Stacks are called Grana * Ground substance: Stroma |
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Describe the Glycocalyx. (4) |
* Outermost boundary of a microbe * Composed of polysaccharides * Network of fibers, a slime layer or capsule * Provides adherence to environmental surfaces and biofilms |
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Describe the Cytoplasmic (Cell) membrane. (3) |
* Phospholipid bilayer * Embedded w/ proteins * Rigidity important because there is no cell wall
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Microfilaments & Microtubules |
* Microfilaments: thins strands of actin attached to cell membrane * Microtubules: long hollow tubes, maintain shape |
