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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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mechanism that blocks specific substances found in the bloodstream from entering the brain
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blood-brain barrier
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division of a neuron that includes the nucleus, cell organelles, and surrounding cytoplasm, but does not include the axon or dendrites
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cell body
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neuron that transmits impulses from the central nervous system (brain or spinal cord) to a muscle or gland; also called efferent neuron
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motor neuron
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physiological change transmitted through certain tissues, especially nerve fibers and muscles, resulting in activity or inhibition
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nervous impulse
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branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the nervous system
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neurology
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chemical substance that transmits or inhibits nerve impulses at a synapse
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neurotransmitter
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cytoplasm structure that provides specialized function for the cell
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organelle
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branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders
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psychiatry
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neuron that transmits impulses from receptors in the skin, sense organs, and internal organs to the central nervous system (brain or spinal cord); also called afferent neuron
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sensory neuron
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junction where a nerve impulse passes from an axon terminal to a neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell
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synapse
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cerebrum
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cerebr/o
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cranium (skull)
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crani/o
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tree
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dendr/o
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brain
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encephal/o
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ganglion (knot or knotlike mass)
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gangli/o
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glue; neuroglial tissue
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gli/o
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word, phrase
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lex/o
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movement
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kinesi/o
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thin, slender
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lept/o
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mening/o
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meninges (membranes covering brain and spinal cord)
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meningi/o
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meninges (membranes covering brain and spinal cord)
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bone marrow; spinal cord
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myel/o
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stupor; numbness; sleep
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narc/o
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nerve
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neur/o
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strength
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sthen/o
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nerve root
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radicul/o
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sheath (usually refers to meninges)
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thec/o
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thalamus
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thalam/o
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tension
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ton/o
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ventricle (of heart or brain)
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ventricul/o
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algesia
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pain
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algia
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pain
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weakness, debility
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asthenia
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feeling
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esthesia
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movement
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kinesia
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seizure
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lepsy
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partial paralysis
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paresis
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speech
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phasia
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paralysis
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plegia
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stroke
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plexy
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order, coordination
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taxia
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development, nourishment
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trophy
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against
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contra
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thick
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pachy
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near, beside; beyond
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para
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union, together, joined
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syn
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one
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uni
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disease of the brain
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encephalopathy
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herniation of the brain
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encephalocele
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radiography of the brain
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encephalography
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disease of the cerebrum
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cerebropathy
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inflammation of the cerebrum
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cerebritis
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herniation (through the) cerebrum
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craniocele
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instrument for measuring the skull
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craniometer
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pain in a nerve
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neuralgia
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specialist in the study of the nervous system
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neurologist
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crushing a nerve
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neurotripsy
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herniation of the spinal cord
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myelocele
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paralysis of the spinal cord
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myeloplegia
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pertaining to the mind
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psychotic
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abnormal condition of the mind
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psychosis
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movement that is slow
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bradykinesia
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movement that is painful or difficult
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dyskinesia
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paralysis of one half (of the body)
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hemiplegia
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paralysis of four (limbs)
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quadriplegia
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difficult speech
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dysphasia
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lacking or without speech
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aphasia
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destruction of a nerve
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neurolysis
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incision of the skull
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craniotomy
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surgical repair of the skull
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cranioplasty
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suture of a nerve
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neurorrhaphy
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incision of the brain
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encephalotomy
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weakness in one half of the body
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hemiparesis
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electrical disturbances in the brain
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dysrhythmias
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pathological condition associated with the formation of small plaques in the cerebral cortes
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Alzheimer disease
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eating disorder characterized by binging and purging
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bulimia nervosa
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alternate contraction and relaxtion of muscles
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clonic spasm
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acute polyneuritis with progressive muscle weakness in extremities
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Guillain-Barre syndrome
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type of neurosis characterized by irrational fears
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phobias
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mental disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, emotion, and energy
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bipolar disorder
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inflammation of the arachnoid and pia meter
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leptomeningitis
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weakness, debility, or loss of strength
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asthenia
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disease caused by the same organism that causes chickenpox in children
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shingles
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abnormal activity or lack of response to normal stimuli; sluggishness
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lethargy
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paralysis of the lower portion of the trunk and both legs
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paraplegia
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disease that causes inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
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poliomyelitis
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disease in which the brain fails to receive an adequate supply of oxygen
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stroke
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denoting stroke symptoms that resolve within 24 hours
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transient ischemic attack (TIA)
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mental disorder characterized by extreme withdrawal and abnormal absorption in fantasy
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autism
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disease characterized by head nodding, bradykinesia, tremors, and shuffling gait
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Parkinson disease
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disease characterized by demyelination in the spinal cord and brain
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multiple sclerosis
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loss of consciousness caused by trauma to the head
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concussion
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agents that relieve or eliminate pain
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analgesics
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