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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of joint is the first carpometacarpal joint? |
Saddle |
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The up phase of a wide-arm pushup creates what kind of contraction in the triceps? |
Concentric- muscle shortens under force |
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Firmly pressing your hands together in front of your chest is an example of ________ contraction. |
Isometric- muscle length is constant or unchanging under force. |
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The up phase of a wide-arm pushup creates what kind of contraction in the biceps muscle? |
Eccentric- muscle lengthens under force. |
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Holding weight in a fixed position with no movement is an example of ________ contraction. |
Isometric- muscle length is constant or unchanging under force. |
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What is the maximum degree of dorsiflexion in the majority of humans? |
25 degrees |
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Piriformis, gemelli superior and obturator internus are part of the _______________ group. |
Lateral Rotator- those along with gemelli inferior, obturator externus, and quadratus femoris all make up the lateral rotators. (PGOGOQ) |
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What type of joint is the talocrural joint? |
Hinge- allows for plantar and dorsi flexion. |
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What are the 5 different muscle classifications within the human body? |
Circular, convergent, parallel, fusiform and pinnate. |
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What is the movement in which the thumb meets the ring finger? |
Thumb opposition |
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Hinge and pivot joints are examples of _______________ joints. |
Uniaxial- allows for movement along only one plane of the body around a single axis. |
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Condyloid and saddle joints are examples of _______________ joints. |
Biaxial- allows for movement in two different planes along two axes of the body. |
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The proximal articulation of the radius is an example of a _______________ joint. |
Pivot- this is the action of pronation and supination of the forearm. |
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The sternocleidomastoid action of flexion of the neck is an example of _______________ contraction. |
Concentric- muscle shortens under force. |
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What unilateral action occurs during a concentric contraction of the iliopsoas muscle? |
In this case, the unilateral or single sided concentric contraction of the iliopsoas muscle is lateral rotation and flexion of the hip (think crossing a leg while sitting). |
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What is the eccentric contraction of the subscapularis? |
Restrains lateral rotation of the arm. |
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The prefix nephro- refers to: |
The kidneys. An example is nephritis, which is an inflammation of the kidneys. |
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What does a sulcus refer to? |
A sulcus is a general term to describe a narrow groove. A few examples are the gluteal sulcus, radial sulcus or the gingival sulcus between the gums and teeth. |
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Which body system does the thymus belong to? |
The thymus is a very special organ of the immune system. It functions to train T-lymphocytes to adapt to pathogens and disorders within the body to maintain homeostasis. |
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Where are the adrenal glands located? |
The adrenal glands, known for releasing "fight or flight" hormones in response to stressors, are located superiorly to the kidneys. |
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Which postural muscle is typically indicated in the chronic frozen shoulder? |
The subcapularis muscle is a powerful postural muscle of the shoulder originating on the subscapular fossa and inserting into the lesser tubercle of the humerous. The difficulty to stretch and release adhesions within this muscle is a major contributing factor to frozen shoulder. |
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Where is the insertion of the temporalis muscle? |
The temporalis muscle originates on the temporal fossa of the skull and inserts into the coronoid process of the mandible. Its action is retraction and elevation of the mandible. |
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What is a fusiform muscle? |
A fusiform muscle is wider in the middle and tapers/narrows towards its origins and insertions. Ex. biceps brachii. |
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What type of joint is the talocrural joint? |
The talocrural joint is a synovial hinge joint that allows for plantar flexion and dorsiflexion. |
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A minor tear to the medial collateral ____________ is considered a ____________. |
The medial collateral ligament is one of four major ligaments in the knee. When a ligament is overstretched or torn, it is referred to as a sprain. |
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A ________ muscle is fast twitch and prone to inhibition. |
Phasic muscles are fast twitch muscles which are prone to inhibition or fatigue. Muscles that are designed to move our bodies are typically phasic while muscles that are designed to hold our bodies upright are typically postural. |
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Which direction of massage strokes benefit lymph flow? |
The natural flow of lymph is toward the heart (centripetal) and thus very light massage strokes in this direction would best benefit lymph flow. |
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Describe how you would use post isometric relaxation to stretch a hypertonic iliopsoas muscle. |
The technique requires the client to isometrically contract the iliopsoas into the therapists resistance, then relax as the therapist extends and stretches the iliopsoas muscle. Three passes are typical with clients force at about 30% of power for a period of 10 seconds each. |
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Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the contractile force is greater than the resistance? |
In a concentric contraction, the force generated by the muscle is greater than the resistance to that force, resulting in a shortening of fibers during contraction. |
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The mesencephalon is also known as the _______________. |
Midbrain- associated with arousal, hearing, motor control, vision, sleeping patterns |
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Holding weight in a fixed position with no movement is an example of _______________ contraction. |
Isometric- muscle does not change length under force |
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Which body system would be directly involved with the use of ACE inhibitors? |
Circulatory- Angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE) inhibitors are prescribed to reduce mild to moderate increases in blood pressure and is also used to treat congestive heart failure. |
