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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functional unit of the male reproductive system
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sperm
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Sperm head
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contains the acrosomal cap and nucelus
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Acrosomal cap
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filled with hyaluronidase which is an enzyme that breaks down the hyaluronic acid shell around the egg
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Function of the male reproductive system
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to get the chromosomes to the egg
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sperm neck
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contains mitochondria to create energy to move the tail of the sperm
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Flagellum
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the tail of the sperm, the sperm cell is the only cell with a flagellum
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Spermatogensis
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production of sperm which takes places in the testis because the testis are 1.10 degrees C cooler than normal body temperature. It takes about 9 weeks and the flagellum are non-motile at this point
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Testes
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located in the scrotum and normally descend through the inguinal canal
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Cryptorchidism
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hidden gametes- when the testes dont show
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Seminiferous tubules
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1/2mile, sperm moves through these tubes until they reach the epididymis
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Epididymis
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Where the sperm mature this then leads to the vas deferns
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Vas deferns
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Carries sperm through to the urthera
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Scrotum
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a bag that contains the testes
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Dartos muscle
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the wall of the scrotum-gives it a krinkly look
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Spermatic Cord
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1.Sheath of Irregular desnse connective tissue
A)nerve B)arteries and veins C)Vas deferns D)cremaster muscle |
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Cremaster muscle
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when these muscles contract they bring the testes close to the wall of the body so they can get warm
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Cremasteric reflex
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rubbing the thigh will pull the testes closer to the wall, doctors will do this to look for spinal nerve damage
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Ejaculatory Duct
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where vas deferns hoin the seminal vessicles
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Seminal Vessicles
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produces semen, accessory gland, produces 35% of seminal fluid and it contains fructose which gives the sperm energy
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Urthera
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conducts both urine and reproductive fluids
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Prostate Gland
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accessory organ that produces 55% of semen, It contains bicarbonate ions that will buffer the pH. It can enlarge which can squeeze the urthera which can cause urine problems
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Prostate cancer
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man becomes incontant (cant control urine) and they cant produce an erection
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Bulbourtheral (coupers) gland
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thick sticky alakline fluid which buffers pH in the rest of the semen
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Semen
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2-5mL per ejaculation
20-100million sperm mix of gandlar secretions contains enzymes, nutrients and ions protiase-dissolves mucus secretions in vagina seminal plasmin protein "antibacterial" that comes from the prostate gland semen clots a few minutes after ejaculation, then liquifies-may function as a plug to the uterus and helps to avoid UTI's |
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Penis
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tubular organ, dorsal blood vessels and nerves
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3 parts of the penis
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1.root
2.body 3.glans penis |
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Root
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to attach penis to wall of body cavity
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Body
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shaft, 3 columns of erectile tssue and contains a lot of spaces "3D maze" made of smooth muscle and connective tissue
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Erectile tissue of the penis
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2 corpora caveraosa-dorsal side
1 corpora spongiosum-ventral side, surrounds urthera, passes to the end of the penis and forms the glans penis |
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Glans penis
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erectile tissue, contains the urtheral meatus, covered with foreskin, surdace is mucus membranes
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Foreskin
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Prepuce-normal epithelial tissue surface on inside its a mucus membrane and it helps with physical protection
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Circumcision
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60-80% of the removal of foreskin in the US it contains 40-60% of nerve endings
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AMA Pediatric Association
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1978 there is no reason for circumsision unless conditions exist
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Erection
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the amount of blood in erectile tissue is greater than the amount going out
you loose an erection if the amount of blood going out is greater than the amount of blood going in |
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Priapism
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a sustain erection that lasts more than 3 or 4 houts this is a problem because you can loose oxygen in the blood and the tissues can start to die, also the blood can start to collaglate
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Hormones
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GnRH
FSH LH Inhibin Testosterone |
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GnRH
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comes from the hypothalamus and causes it to release FSH and LH
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FSH
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causes spermatogensis
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LH
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produces testosterone
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Inhibin
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Inhibits the production of FSH
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Testosterone
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1.mature sperm
2.maintains accessory organs 3. Helps determine secondary sex characteristics 4.stimulates metabolism-slightly high than females 5.Influences brain development sex behaviors sex drives |
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What happens with high levels of testosterone
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stops the production of FSH which stops the production of LH so no more testosterone is produced
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