Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What do the gonads produce?
|
Gametes and hormones
Testes produce sperm (sprematozoa) and androgens (testosterone). |
|
|
What are the ducts responsible for.
|
Pathway of spermatozoa.
Contains: epididymus, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, and urethra. |
|
|
What are the accessory organs and what do they do?
|
Seminalvesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands. Responsible for secreting fluids into ducts to support sperm and produce semen.
|
|
|
What are the two muscles of the scrotum and why are they important?
|
Dartos muscle: smooth muscle of sac wall.
Cremaster muscle: skeletal muscle extending down from the abdominal wall and contract when core body temp changes (low body temp, pulls testicles up toward body) |
|
|
Whar are the two cell types in the seminiferous tubules and what are the hormones the affect them?
|
Sustentacular cells: respond to FSH and secrete inhibin to suppress FSH
Interstital cells (leydig cells)amd secrete androgens... |
|
|
What is the epididymus responsible for?
|
It recieves the sperm from the seminiferous tubule, its peristalic contractions moves the immobile sperm slowly through (2 weeks) and this passage through the epididymus is when the functional maturation of the spermatozoa takes place.
|
|
|
How much sperm does semen roughly contain?
|
Approximately 20-100 million spermatozoa per ml. (typical ejaculation is 2-5ml)
|
|
|
Why is semen important for spermatozoa?
|
Activates flagela, intiating sperm motility. pH of 7.2-7.6; fructose (for energy) prostaglandins, mucus.
Antibiotic activity, and proteases to dissolve vaginal mucosa. |
|
|
What are the accessory glands responsible for in semen production?
|
Seminal vesicles (60% of total semen vl)
Prostate gland (30% of semen vl) Bulbourethral gland (secretes alkaline mucus with lubricating properties (acts as buffer and leads way for sperm) |
|
|
Viagra, ceialis, levitra are drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction which of the folowing are possible ways these drugs could function?
|
Mimic the effects of NO
Inhibit the breakdown of cGMP |
|
|
How does Nitric Oxide (NO) effect penile erection?
|
Causes increased cGMP (2nd messenger) inside smooth muscle or blood vessels resulting in dialtion ( veins compress and blood gets stuck so erection can occur).
|
|
|
What kind of stimulation is penile erection?
|
Parasympathetic stimulation
|
|
|
What is the emission reflex
|
(sympathetic) Moves sperm and secretions into urthra.
Peristalic contractions in ducts and glands. Reflex, closing of internal urinary sphincter. |
