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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Four principle macromolecules? |
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids |
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Carbohydrate subunit: |
Monosaccharide |
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Lipid subunit: |
Fatty acid |
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Protein subunit: |
Amino acid |
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Nucleic Acid subunit: |
Nucleotide |
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Three macromolecule similarities: |
All have Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen All have carbon base All have chemically bonding monomers |
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Isomers |
Molecules that have the same chemical formula but different shapes |
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What are the isomers of C6H12O6? What are their shapes? |
Glucose: Hexagon, Fructose: Pentagon |
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Sugars are produced by plants during ______________. The energy from the sun is stored in the ______________ between atoms. |
Photosynthesis, chemical bonds |
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Where and how is the energy in these sugar molecules released? |
Bonds are broken |
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Carbohydrate found in plants that is digestible by humans? |
Starch |
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Carbohydrate found in plants that is NOT digestible by humans? Another name for it? |
Cellulose; Fiber |
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Carbohydrate found only in animals? |
Glycogen |
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Cell membrane macromolecules? |
Lipids and Proteins |
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Why don't lipids dissolve in water? |
They are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Therefore, they do not dissolve in polar substances. |
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What lipid is composed of two fatty acids for tails and one phosphorous group as its head? |
Phospholipid |
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Three lipid examples? (there are 4) |
Waxes, Oils, Fats, Steroids |
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Twisted chains of amino acids are referred to as ________. |
proteins |
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What additional element is found in proteins? |
Nitrogen |
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How many different amino acids are there? |
Twenty |
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What is a long straight chain of amino acids called? |
A polypeptide |
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How many bonds does a carbon atom make when it is bonding to form an organic molecule? Why? |
Four, because there are four places it needs to bond to be stable. |
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What element only needs one bond to become stable? |
Hydrogen |
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Large molecules made of smaller subunits? |
Polymers |
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What is another name for a subunit? |
Monomer |
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How many bonds do Nitrogen atoms need to be stable? |
Three |
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Backbone of organic molecules? |
Glycerol |
