M2-Cx11-L02 --> Endocrine Histology

Front 1

GENERAL OVERVIEW

- an endocrine cell associated with the production of Polypeptide or Protein Hormones will exhibit an abundance of what organelles?

Back 1

- RER

- Golgi

Front 2

GENERAL OVERVIEW

- an endocrine cell associated with the production of Steroid Hormones will exhibit an abundance of what organelles?

Back 2

- SER

- Mitochondria

- Lipid droplets

Front 3

GENERAL OVERVIEW

- the Pituitary gland is aka?

- the Anterior Pituitary is aka?

- the Posterior Pituitary is aka?

- the Pineal gland is aka?

Back 3

- Hypophysis

- Adenohypophysis

- Neurohypophysis

- Epiphysis

Front 4

PITUITARY GLAND

- the Pituitary gland develops from what 2 components?

Back 4

- Rathke's pouch

- Infundibulum

Front 5

PITUITARY GLAND

- the portion of the Pituitary (Hypophysis) that is derived from the Rathke's pouch forms what?

- the portion of the Pituitary that is derived from Infundibulum forms what?

Back 5

- Adenohypophysis
(Anterior Pituitary gland)

- Pars Nervosa
(Major portion of the Neurohypophysis)

Front 6

PITUITARY GLAND

- what are the 2 major subdivisions of the Pituitary (Hyposphysis)?

Back 6

- Anterior Pituitary
(Adenohypophysis)

- Posterior Pituitary
(Neuohypophysis)

Front 7

PITUITARY GLAND

- what are the subdivisions of the Adenohypophysis?

Back 7

- pars Distalis

- pars Intermedia

- pars Tuberalis

Front 8

PITUITARY GLAND

- what are the subdivisions of the Neurohypophysis?

Back 8

- Infundibulum

- pars Nervosa

Front 9

PITUITARY GLAND

- describe how the Neurohypophysis originates

Back 9

- from the Evagination of the Hypothalamus

Front 10

PITUITARY GLAND

- Pars Distalis consists of irregular cords of parenchymal cells lying adjacent to what?

Back 10

- Fenestrated capillaries
(sinusoids)

Front 11

PITUITARY GLAND

- what are the histologic classifications of cells in the pars distalis?

Back 11

- Acidophils (chormophils)

- Basophils (chromophils)

- Chromophiles

Front 12

PITUITARY GLAND

- Acidophils of the Anterior Pituitary generate what hormones?

Back 12

- Prolactin (mammotrophs)
(goes to Mammary glands)

- Growth hormones (somatotrophs)
(goes to Blood, Adipose, Muscle cells)

Front 13

PITUITARY GLAND

- Basophils of the Anterior Pituitary generate what hormones?

Back 13

(FLAT)

- FSH (to testis & ovaries)
- LH (to testis)
- ACTH (to adrenal gland)
- TSH (to thyroid)

Front 14

PITUITARY GLAND

- the cells of the Pars Nervosa generate what hormones?

Back 14

- ADH (to renals -> H2O absorp.)

- Oxytocin
(to uterus (contraction))
(to mammary gland (contraction))

Front 15

PITUITARY GLAND

- what regulates the chromophils?

Back 15

- hormones produced by the Hypothalamus

Front 16

PITUITARY GLAND

- list the acidophil cell types in the anterior pituitary?

Back 16

- Mammotrophs (prolactin)

- Somatotrophs
(somatotropin (growth hormones))

Front 17

PITUITARY GLAND

- list the basophil cell types in the anterior pituitary?

Back 17

- Gonadotrophs (FSH & LH)

- Corticotrophs (ACTH (LPH))

- Thyrotrophs (TSH)

Front 18

PITUITARY GLAND

- what is the major character with Chromophobes?

Back 18

- do not stain well

(degranulated)

Front 19

PITUITARY GLAND

- the major characteristic of the Pars Intermedia is the presence of many what?

Back 19

- Colloid Containing Cysts

(aka - Rathke's Cysts)

Front 20

PITUITARY GLAND

- what is the major histo-cell type in the Par Intermedia?

Back 20

- Basophils

Front 21

PITUITARY GLAND

- what is the main hormone produced by the Pars Intermedia?

- what happens to the above hormone?

Back 21

- POMC
(Prohormone)
(ProOpioMelanoCortin)

- cleaved to form MSH
(Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone)

Front 22

PITUITARY GLAND

- what are the 2 divisions of the Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary gland)

Back 22

- Infundibulum

- Pars Nervosa

Front 23

PITUITARY GLAND

- the Neurohypophysis contains what Neuro-stuff?

- the above is aka?

- where does the above originate from?

Back 23

- Non-myelinated Axons of neurosecretory cells

- Hypothalamohypophyseal Tract

- cell bodies of which are located in the Hypothalamus
(Supraoptic & Paraventricular nuclei)

Front 24

PITUITARY GLAND

- the Hypothalamohyophyseal Tract is supported by what cells in the Posterior Pituitary?

Back 24

- Pituicytes

(similar to neuroglial cells in the CNS)

Front 25

PITUITARY GLAND

- Herring bodies can be found where?

- what does the Herring bodies represent?

- when stimulated, Herring bodies will do what?

Back 25

- Pars Nervosa

- Storage site of hormone accumulation
(Vasopressin & Oxytocin)

- release vasopressin and oxytocin into the fenestrated Capillaries

Front 26

PITUITARY GLAND

- Pituitary Arterial Supply?

Back 26

- Superior Hypophyseal arteries

- Inferior Hypophyseal arteries

Front 27

PITUITARY GLAND

- the Superior Hypophyseal arteries serve what areas heavily?

Back 27

- pars Tuberalis

- Infundibulum

- Median Eminence

Front 28

PITUITARY GLAND

- the Inferior Hypophyseal arteries serve what areas heavily?

Back 28

- Pars nervosa

Front 29

PITUITARY GLAND

- what are the 2 components of the Hypophyseal portal system?

Back 29

- Primary capillary plexus

- Secondary capillary plexus

Front 30

PITUITARY GLAND

- the Primary capillary plexus consists of fenestrated capillaries coming off of what?

- the Secondary capillary plexus consists of fenestrated capillaries coming off of what?

Back 30

- Superior Hypophyseal artery

- Hypophyseal Portal Veins

Front 31

PITUITARY GLAND

- the Primary Capillary Plexus is located where?

- the Secondary Capillary Plexus is located where?

Back 31

- Median eminence

- Pars distalis

Front 32

PITUITARY GLAND

- what comes off of the Hypophyseal Portal vein?

- what does the Hypophyseal Portal Vein drain?

Back 32

- Secondary Capillary Plexus

- Primary Capillary Plexus

Front 33

PITUITARY GLAND

- the Hypothalamus regulates what portion of the Pituitary?

Back 33

- Pars distalis (anterior pituitary)

Front 34

PITUITARY GLAND

- in regulation of pars distalis, the Hypothalamus will initially send hormones to?

- the above hormones will then enter what?

- afterwards, the hormones will get to the pars distalis via what?

Back 34

- Median eminence
(short terms storage of hypothalamic hormones)

- Primary Capillary plexus

- Portal system of Veins

Front 35

PITUITARY GLAND

- the general type of mechanism involved in the Hypothalamic control of the Anterior Pituitary involves what?

Back 35

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