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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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)
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"if, then"
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v
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"or"
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.
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"and"
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=
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equivalence
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~
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not
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tautology
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arguments that come out of T independently of the truth of its parts
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Tautology
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last column all T
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Self-contradictory argument
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last column all F
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Paradox
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2 apparantly sound lines of reasoning lead to incompatible conclusions
-contradict reason itself |
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Modus Ponens (symbolic logic)
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p ⊃ q
p ∴ q |
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Modus Tollens (symbolic logic)
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p ⊃ q
~q ∴ ~p |
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Constructive Dilemma
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(p ⊃ q) • (r ⊃ s)
p ∨ r ∴ q ∨ s |
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Destructive Dilemma
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(p ⊃ q) • (r ⊃ s)
~q ∨~s ∴ ~p ∨~r |
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Simplification
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p • q
∴ p -if p and q are both true then p is true |
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Addition
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p
∴ p ∨ q -if assume p then p or q is true; only one has to be true and at least p is |
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Hypothetical Sylogism
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p ⊃ q
q ⊃ r ∴ p ⊃ r q = middle term |
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Disjunctive Syllogism
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p ∨ q
~p ∴ q -one has to be true; both can't be false |
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Conjuction
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p
q ∴ p • q |
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Propositions do 2 things...
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Connect or Separate concepts
"is" or "is not" |
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Valid
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Argument set up in right way where a conclusion logically follows
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Sound argument
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Valid and true conclusion
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Sub contraries
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both can be T
both can't be F if T; the other is U if F; the other is T |
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Strong Disjunctive
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Either, or
-one is T -on is F |
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Conditional/Hypothetical
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"if, then"
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Fill in
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"and"
"or" "either, or" "if, then" |
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Fill in
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"Necessary and sufficient"
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