Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
contradictories
|
can't both be true and can't both be false
-A and O -E and I |
|
|
false cause
|
when one treats as cause something that is not
-"post hoc ergo propter hoc" -slippery slope |
|
|
hasty generalization
|
one moves carelessly or too quickly from one or very few instances to a broad or universal claim (sterotyping)
|
|
|
accident
|
treats generalization as though it were a universal rule applying to an individual case
|
|
|
conversion
|
works with E and I propositions
-change S and P terms |
|
|
|
|
|
|
contraposition
|
-works with A and O propositions
-change order, negate |
|
|
contraries
|
can't both be true, but can both be false
-A and E |
|
|
subcontraries
|
can't both be false, but can both be true
-I and O |
|
|
subalternation
|
opposition between universal propositions and their corresponding particular propositions
-A and I E and O |
|
|
stipulative definition
|
-def. has meaning that is deliberately assigned to some symbol
-assigns meaning to word for 1st time -neither T/F |
|
|
lexical definition
|
-reports common usage of word
-is T or F -can change over time |
|
|
precising definition
|
-eliminates vagueness/ambiguity
-neither T/F |
|
|
theoretical definition
|
-condensed summary of some theory
-invites further questions about theory |
|
|
persuasive definition
|
-attempts to influence feelings/beliefs
-neither T/F |
|
|
red herring
|
distracts from the main issue of the argument
|
|
|
straw man
|
distortion of opponent's position to the extreme/unreasonable; defeats distorted position
|
|
|
amphiboly
|
ambiguous because of grammatical construction
|
|
|
equivocation
|
ambiguous because meaning of a word or phrase shifts throughout argument
|
|
|
existential import
|
a categorical proposition has existential import if it asserts the existence of some class
-Boole's interpretation: only I and O have E.I. |
|
|
standard order of categorical syllogism
|
1. major premise
2. minor premise 3. conclusion |
|
|
obversion
|
change quality, negate P term
|
