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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Under-extension

the use of the word to refer to an overly narrow view or restricted number of referents




ex. "work" - everyone goes to the same place

Synonymy

Words that have similar meanings

Antonymy

Words that have opposite meanings

Polysemy

One work with two or more related meanings

Homophony

Two words with the same pronunciation but different meanings

Homographs

Different words with the same spelling

Do homophones have the same spelling?

The may or may not have the same spelling

What are homphones?

Words that sound the same

Paraphrase

Two sentences that have very similar meanings.


Ex. The cat ate the mouse, the mouse was eaten by the cat

Entailment

Two sentence in which the truth of the first implies the truth of the second, but the truth of the second does not necessarily imply the truth of the first


Ex. George killed the burglar


The burglar is dead.

Contradiction

Two sentence such that if one is true, then the second must be false


ex. George is rich


George lives in a shelter

Connotation

This theory states that the meaning of a word is simply the set of associations that the word evokes.

Denotation

This theory state that the meaning of a word is not the set of associations that it evokes, rather the entity to which it refers: that is, it's denotation or referent

Extensions and Intension

This theory attempts to combine Denotation and Connotation. Extension refers to referent of the word, and intention to the association it evokes.

Componential analysis

This theory is based on the idea that meaning can be decomposed into smaller semantic units. These units of meaning are called features. Semantic features can be combined to group entities into smaller classes. For example, the semantic features [+living, +human, -adult] give us the category of children

Fuzzy Concepts

Fuzzy concepts are concepts that can differ from person to person. They have no clear boundaries. Ex. something you could find expensive

Graded membership

Concepts have internal structure. The members of a concept can be graded according to how typical they are within that concept. The most typical member is selected as the prototype. Members sharing fewer properties are farther from the prototype

Metaphor

The understanding of one concept in terms of another

Lexicalization

Refers to the process whereby concepts are encoded into the meanings of words. Languages differ in terms of how many words they use to convey a concept

Grammaticalization

Refers to concepts that are expressed as affixed or functional categories.

Homonymy

one form /multiple unrelatedmeanings

Idiom

A group of words established by usage as having a meaning not deducible from those of the individual words (e.g., rain cats and dogs, see the light ).