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129 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Verb+ prep co-occurrence
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I have always (relied on) the kindness of strangers.
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Deletable preposition: optional
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I will see you( )Thursday.
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Genitive use of : of
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The name (of) my favorite band is They Might Be Giants.
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Deletable preposition: obligatory
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I will see you ( ) tomorrow.
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Verb + preposition
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I will (look up) the meaning of this term.
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Co-occurring nonadjacent prepositions:
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(In) the still (of) the night, I held you tight.
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Transitive phrasal verb
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You (woke up) the baby .
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Complex preposition
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I will meet you (in front of) the school at 3:00.
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Intransitive phrasal verb
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I (woke up) at 6:30.
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Source preposition
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The girl (from) Ipanema goes walking.
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Separable phrasal verb
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I (made out) the check to cash. I (made) the check (out) to cash.
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Inseparable phrasal verb
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I (ran into) your mom at the store.
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Nonreferential it
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(It)'s always sunny in Philadelphia.
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Phrasal verb plus preposition
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(Get back to) where you once belonged.
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Referential it
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What is that spot? (It)’s ink.
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Literal phrasal verb
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It’s time to (take down) the Christmas tree already.
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Deictic there
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(There) is my pencil. I was looking for it.
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Idiomatic phrasal verb
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My dad (flipped out) when I wrecked the car.
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Nonreferential there
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(There) is a town in north Ontario.
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Phrasal verb that is always separated
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That was so funny, I (laughed) my ass (off).
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Narrative use of there
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While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly (there) came a tapping.
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Coordination
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I’ll have a (burger and fries).
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Repectively-addition
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Bob and Bruce came from Minnesota and New Jersey, (respectively).
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Coordinating conjunction
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I’ll have a burger (and) fries.
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(conjunction with ) Ellipsis
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I went to college, (and so did he).
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Conjunct
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I’ll have a (burger) and (fries).
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Sentence-initial: Adverbial phrase
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(Tenderly), the evening breeze caressed the trees .
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Correlative conjunction
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The chicken is (both) sweet (and) sour.
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Sentence-final: Adverbial phrase
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The evening breeze caressed the trees (tenderly).
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Correlative movement
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The chicken is sweet (and) sour (both).
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Sentence-initial: Prepositional phrase
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(In high school), Ellsworth became a local celebrity.
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Sentence-final: Prepositional phrase
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Ellsworth became a local celebrity (in high school).
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Preverbal adverb of frequency: Negative
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I (never) go to the movies on Mondays.
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Sentence-initial: Adverbial clause
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(When the saints come marching in), I want to be in that number.
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Adverbial participle
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(Having finished my homework), I finally went to bed.
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Sentence-final: Adverbial clause
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I want to be in that number (when the saints come marching in).
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Specific or general adverbial of frequency
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I make my bed (every morning), but my brother only makes his (on rare occasions).
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Preverbal adverb of frequency: Positive
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I (regularly) go to the movies on Saturdays.
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Adverbial subordinator
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(When) the saints come marching in, I want to be in that number.
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Conjunctive adverbial
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I would like to go to bed. (However), I can’t until I finish my work.
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A time connector
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I’ll go to bed (after) the Oscars have finished.
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A concessive connector
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I'll give you an A, (even though) you got all the others wrong.
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A purpose connector
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I have to finish my work (so that) I can go to the movies.
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Give an example of Derivation with Affixation
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comply - compliance
neighbor - neighborhood |
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Give an example of Derivation without affixation
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Blossom
Mouth Ballon Star |
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Give an example of Eponyms based on brand names.
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Kleenex
Q-tip frisbee |
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Give an example of creating a word through Compounding
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toothbrush
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Give an example of creating a word by blending
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brunch
smog carjack |
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Give an example of Eponyms based on personal names
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lynch
mirandize valentine |
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Give an example of an Acronym
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SUNY
TESOL Laser |
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Give an example of Eponyms based on geographical names
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magenta
lesbian china |
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Give an example of Initialism
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AARP
PBS CIA ESL |
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Give an example of Eponyms based on literature, folklore, mythology
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herculean
narcassistic mentor |
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Give an example a reverse acronym.
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DARE
MADD SADD |
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Give an example of creating a word by shortening
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plane
exam gym |
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Name the language in the East Germanic branch
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Gothic
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Give an example a neologism
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blurb
quark Kodak |
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Dates of Old English
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450 -1066
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Name the main branches of the Indo-European language family
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Indo-Iranian
Germanic Italic Albanian and Armenian Hellenic Celtic Balto-Slavic |
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Dates of Middle English
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1066-1476
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Name the languages in the West Germanic branch
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Flemish
Dutch English German |
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Dates of Early Modern English
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1476-1776
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Name the languages in the North Germanic branch
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Danish
Icelandic Norwegian Swedish |
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Give English words common to other Indo-European languages
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mother
brother do be |
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Give English words common to other Germanic languages
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Earth
house drink drive |
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Give words Middle English borrowed from French
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tender
story beauty beast |
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Give English words unique to Old English
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woman
lord lady sheriff |
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% of borrowed words in Old English
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3%
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Give words Old English borrowed from Celtic
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cradle
curse Kent |
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% of borrowed words in Middle English
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25%
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Give words Old English borrowed from Latin
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street
mile wine cheese |
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What are two major factors in the beginning of Early Modern English?
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The printing press
The Renaissance |
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Give words Old English borrowed from Scandinavian
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call
ill wrong die |
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Give words borrowed by Early Modern English from Latin
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extra
circus animal genius |
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Give words borrowed by Early Modern English from Greek
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comedy
chaos tragedy agony theology |
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% of French in the first 1000 words
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11%
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Give words borrowed by Early Modern English from Italian
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aria
bravo concerto duet |
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% of Latin in the first 1000 words
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2%
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Give words borrowed by Early Modern English from Dutch
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kid
cookie pickle scoop |
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% of Norse in the first 1000 words
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2%
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Give words borrowed by Early Modern English from Spanish and Portuguese
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negro
siesta hammock poncho |
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% of Other languages in the first 1000 words
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2%
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% of Old English in the first 1000 words
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83%
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define morpheme
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the smallest unit of meaning
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what does it mean that morphemes are recyclable
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They can be used to make other words
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What are the 8 inflectional affixes
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Nouns: √s √'s
Verbs: √s √ed √en √ing Adjectives: √er √est |
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What is an allomorph?
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a morpheme that has changed its shape/form
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What are 3 ways to make a compound word with morphemes?
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2 free roots
a free root and a bound root 2 or more bound roots and an affix. |
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Give an example of a free root morpheme
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√chair
Free can stand on their own. |
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What are Cognates?
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Words that started out from one root, but have developed into seperate dictionary entries.
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Give an example of a bound root morpheme
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√ortho
Bound must be combined with other roots or affixes |
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What are the 3 types of Allomorphy?
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Zero - no change
Irregular - change isn't phonological Regular - change is phonological |
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What are the two types of affixes?
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Inflectional
Derivational |
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What is the process of phonological change in Regular allomorphy called?
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Assimilation
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What is a contrastive varient in phonemes?
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Substitution of one phoneme for another changing the meaning.
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What is a positional varient in phonemes?
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Substitution of one phoneme for another which does not alter the meaning of the word.
EX: /t/ to /d/ in city |
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-ed is pronounced /t/ if the final consonant is ____.
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voicless
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What kind of positional varient is the /t/ in take
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aspirated
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-ed is pronounced /d/ if the final consonant is ____.
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voiced
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What kind of positional varient is the /t/ in stake
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unaspirated
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-ed is pronounced /əd/ if the final consonant is ____.
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/t/ or /d/
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What kind of positional varient is the /t/ in city
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flap
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What kind of positional varient is the /t/ in button
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glottalized
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-s is pronouced /s/ if the final consonant is ______.
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voicless
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-s is pronouced /z/ if the final consonant is ______.
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voiced
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-s is pronouced /əz/ if the final consonant is ______.
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/s/ or /z/
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what kind of syllable is CV?
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open
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what kind of syllable is CVC?
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closed
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If a student's L1 only has open syllables they will probably have trouble with what?
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consonant clusters
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% of words from Old English in the first 10,000 word
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38.1%
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% of words from French in the first 10,000 word
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45%
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% of words from Other Germanic in the first 10,000 word
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4.2%
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% of words from Latin in the first 10,000 word
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16.7%
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% of words from Other Languages in the first 10,000 word
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2.3%
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Alveolar
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alveo-palatal
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bilabial
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interdental
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velar
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Identify #1
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tip of the tongue
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Identify # 2
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blade of the tongue
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Identify # 3
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back of the tongue
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Identify # 4
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teeth
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Identify # 5
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alveolar ridge
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Identify # 6
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hard palate
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Identify # 7
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soft palate
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Identify # 8
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glottis
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Identify # 9
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uvula
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labiodental
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