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129 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Verb+ prep co-occurrence
I have always (relied on) the kindness of strangers.
Deletable preposition: optional
I will see you( )Thursday.
Genitive use of : of
The name (of) my favorite band is They Might Be Giants.
Deletable preposition: obligatory
I will see you ( ) tomorrow.
Verb + preposition
I will (look up) the meaning of this term.
Co-occurring nonadjacent prepositions:
(In) the still (of) the night, I held you tight.
Transitive phrasal verb
You (woke up) the baby .
Complex preposition
I will meet you (in front of) the school at 3:00.
Intransitive phrasal verb
I (woke up) at 6:30.
Source preposition
The girl (from) Ipanema goes walking.
Separable phrasal verb
I (made out) the check to cash. I (made) the check (out) to cash.
Inseparable phrasal verb
I (ran into) your mom at the store.
Nonreferential it
(It)'s always sunny in Philadelphia.
Phrasal verb plus preposition
(Get back to) where you once belonged.
Referential it
What is that spot? (It)’s ink.
Literal phrasal verb
It’s time to (take down) the Christmas tree already.
Deictic there
(There) is my pencil. I was looking for it.
Idiomatic phrasal verb
My dad (flipped out) when I wrecked the car.
Nonreferential there
(There) is a town in north Ontario.
Phrasal verb that is always separated
That was so funny, I (laughed) my ass (off).
Narrative use of there
While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly (there) came a tapping.
Coordination
I’ll have a (burger and fries).
Repectively-addition
Bob and Bruce came from Minnesota and New Jersey, (respectively).
Coordinating conjunction
I’ll have a burger (and) fries.
(conjunction with ) Ellipsis
I went to college, (and so did he).
Conjunct
I’ll have a (burger) and (fries).
Sentence-initial: Adverbial phrase
(Tenderly), the evening breeze caressed the trees .
Correlative conjunction
The chicken is (both) sweet (and) sour.
Sentence-final: Adverbial phrase
The evening breeze caressed the trees (tenderly).
Correlative movement
The chicken is sweet (and) sour (both).
Sentence-initial: Prepositional phrase
(In high school), Ellsworth became a local celebrity.
Sentence-final: Prepositional phrase
Ellsworth became a local celebrity (in high school).
Preverbal adverb of frequency: Negative
I (never) go to the movies on Mondays.
Sentence-initial: Adverbial clause
(When the saints come marching in), I want to be in that number.
Adverbial participle
(Having finished my homework), I finally went to bed.
Sentence-final: Adverbial clause
I want to be in that number (when the saints come marching in).
Specific or general adverbial of frequency
I make my bed (every morning), but my brother only makes his (on rare occasions).
Preverbal adverb of frequency: Positive
I (regularly) go to the movies on Saturdays.
Adverbial subordinator
(When) the saints come marching in, I want to be in that number.
Conjunctive adverbial
I would like to go to bed. (However), I can’t until I finish my work.
A time connector
I’ll go to bed (after) the Oscars have finished.
A concessive connector
I'll give you an A, (even though) you got all the others wrong.
A purpose connector
I have to finish my work (so that) I can go to the movies.
Give an example of Derivation with Affixation
comply - compliance
neighbor - neighborhood
Give an example of Derivation without affixation
Blossom
Mouth
Ballon
Star
Give an example of Eponyms based on brand names.
Kleenex
Q-tip
frisbee
Give an example of creating a word through Compounding
toothbrush
Give an example of creating a word by blending
brunch
smog
carjack
Give an example of Eponyms based on personal names
lynch
mirandize
valentine
Give an example of an Acronym
SUNY
TESOL
Laser
Give an example of Eponyms based on geographical names
magenta
lesbian
china
Give an example of Initialism
AARP
PBS
CIA
ESL
Give an example of Eponyms based on literature, folklore, mythology
herculean
narcassistic
mentor
Give an example a reverse acronym.
DARE
MADD
SADD
Give an example of creating a word by shortening
plane
exam
gym
Name the language in the East Germanic branch
Gothic
Give an example a neologism
blurb
quark
Kodak
Dates of Old English
450 -1066
Name the main branches of the Indo-European language family
Indo-Iranian
Germanic
Italic
Albanian and Armenian
Hellenic
Celtic
Balto-Slavic
Dates of Middle English
1066-1476
Name the languages in the West Germanic branch
Flemish
Dutch
English
German
Dates of Early Modern English
1476-1776
Name the languages in the North Germanic branch
Danish
Icelandic
Norwegian
Swedish
Give English words common to other Indo-European languages
mother
brother
do
be
Give English words common to other Germanic languages
Earth
house
drink
drive
Give words Middle English borrowed from French
tender
story
beauty
beast
Give English words unique to Old English
woman
lord
lady
sheriff
% of borrowed words in Old English
3%
Give words Old English borrowed from Celtic
cradle
curse
Kent
% of borrowed words in Middle English
25%
Give words Old English borrowed from Latin
street
mile
wine
cheese
What are two major factors in the beginning of Early Modern English?
The printing press
The Renaissance
Give words Old English borrowed from Scandinavian
call
ill
wrong
die
Give words borrowed by Early Modern English from Latin
extra
circus
animal
genius
Give words borrowed by Early Modern English from Greek
comedy
chaos
tragedy
agony
theology
% of French in the first 1000 words
11%
Give words borrowed by Early Modern English from Italian
aria
bravo
concerto
duet
% of Latin in the first 1000 words
2%
Give words borrowed by Early Modern English from Dutch
kid
cookie
pickle
scoop
% of Norse in the first 1000 words
2%
Give words borrowed by Early Modern English from Spanish and Portuguese
negro
siesta
hammock
poncho
% of Other languages in the first 1000 words
2%
% of Old English in the first 1000 words
83%
define morpheme
the smallest unit of meaning
what does it mean that morphemes are recyclable
They can be used to make other words
What are the 8 inflectional affixes
Nouns: √s √'s
Verbs: √s √ed √en √ing
Adjectives: √er √est
What is an allomorph?
a morpheme that has changed its shape/form
What are 3 ways to make a compound word with morphemes?
2 free roots
a free root and a bound root
2 or more bound roots and an affix.
Give an example of a free root morpheme
√chair
Free can stand on their own.
What are Cognates?
Words that started out from one root, but have developed into seperate dictionary entries.
Give an example of a bound root morpheme
√ortho
Bound must be combined with other roots or affixes
What are the 3 types of Allomorphy?
Zero - no change
Irregular - change isn't phonological
Regular - change is phonological
What are the two types of affixes?
Inflectional
Derivational
What is the process of phonological change in Regular allomorphy called?
Assimilation
What is a contrastive varient in phonemes?
Substitution of one phoneme for another changing the meaning.
What is a positional varient in phonemes?
Substitution of one phoneme for another which does not alter the meaning of the word.
EX: /t/ to /d/ in city
-ed is pronounced /t/ if the final consonant is ____.
voicless
What kind of positional varient is the /t/ in take
aspirated
-ed is pronounced /d/ if the final consonant is ____.
voiced
What kind of positional varient is the /t/ in stake
unaspirated
-ed is pronounced /əd/ if the final consonant is ____.
/t/ or /d/
What kind of positional varient is the /t/ in city
flap
What kind of positional varient is the /t/ in button
glottalized
-s is pronouced /s/ if the final consonant is ______.
voicless
-s is pronouced /z/ if the final consonant is ______.
voiced
-s is pronouced /əz/ if the final consonant is ______.
/s/ or /z/
what kind of syllable is CV?
open
what kind of syllable is CVC?
closed
If a student's L1 only has open syllables they will probably have trouble with what?
consonant clusters
% of words from Old English in the first 10,000 word
38.1%
% of words from French in the first 10,000 word
45%
% of words from Other Germanic in the first 10,000 word
4.2%
% of words from Latin in the first 10,000 word
16.7%
% of words from Other Languages in the first 10,000 word
2.3%
Alveolar
alveo-palatal
bilabial
interdental
velar
Identify #1
tip of the tongue
Identify # 2
blade of the tongue
Identify # 3
back of the tongue
Identify # 4
teeth
Identify # 5
alveolar ridge
Identify # 6
hard palate
Identify # 7
soft palate
Identify # 8
glottis
Identify # 9
uvula
labiodental