The first stroke caused severe damage to the occipital lobe on the left side of his brain while the second stroke damaged the identical area on the right side of his brain. Consequently, these strokes completely disabled both his left and right visual cortex which made him blind. Although most people are blind from eye injuries or congenital blindness, TN had perfectly healthy eyes. The only thing that he was missing were the circuits that produce a clear image in the mind. A research team got together to observe TN and what his brain and eyes were capable of. They realized that TN has an ability called blindsight. This ability allows him to notice objects around him unconsciously. He was able to successfully guess what kind of emotions other people were presenting on their faces. They also ran tests that showed that TN was able to determine if a long rod was turned horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. The most astonishing test they conducted involved an obstacle course. They put office items and a tripod in a hallway and TN was able to veer around every obstacle without hitting anything. The researchers believe that the blindsight ability may come from parts of the brain outside of the visual cortex.
Another case of the blindsight ability is demonstrated through the actions of a blind monkey, Helen. Helen had her visual cortex removed to see how it affected her vision. At first, she was only able to distinguish between light