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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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neurolinguistic functional-imaging studies
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fuse the gross anatomical (macroscopical) map of activated areas with 3D microscopically defined cortical areas.
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3D computerized human brain atlas
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differences in size and location of corticlal areas in different persons are incorporated in the database
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lateralization
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developmental shifts can occur- functional asymmetry is not necessarily correlated with structural asymmetry
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sound patterns in Broca's aphasia
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sound errors result from difficulties in the end stages of speech production.
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dysarthria
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may be distortion in quality of speech sounds
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Chomsky's famous example
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Wernicke's= "Colorless green ideas sleep furiously."
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psychological reality
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of an abstract grammatical concept- that it is not only an abstract linguistic concept; it can be seen to operate during speech production and/or comprehension. helps to determine the relationship between abstract theoretical notions that linguists have deduced and how the brain actually functions ex commutativity we wouldnt expect to have a specific brain location
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linguistic competence/performance
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linguistic distintion between our knowledge of language and our actual use of it. especially evident in patients whose output is agrammatic, yet who are able to perform quite well on grammaticality judgment tasks. we assume they have the grammatical knowledge even if they do not appear to be able to use it in their speech
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psychological reality of the phoneme
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cueing a forgotten word by giving the speaker its first phoneme is often quite successful in eliciting the word
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biliguals and "foreign accent"
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indicates that specific phonemes have a strong, psychologically real, phonetic identity. phonetic constraints are so strong for the individual that related ones in a foreign language are heard and produced as the native-language phoneme when the non-native speaker speaks the new language
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ASL
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1817- Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet brought from France
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descriptive grammar
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represents the unconscious linguistic knowledge or capacity of its speakers`
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psychological reality of lexicon
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even aphasics can distinguish real words in their language from words that are not in their language
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semantic organization
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brain centered approach- concepts are represented perceptually. characteristics of a given object are learned at different times and in different ways, concept is distributed over subsystems
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Top-down modeling
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begins with a realistic examination of language and proceeds by asking what kind of structure must be present in the brain to support the linguistic capabilities that humans possess.Start from linguistic data. Build a plausible model as a set of hypotheses. Test hypotheses against findings from neuroscience
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