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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are petrol chemcials |
Chemical products made from crude oil,coal,natural gas or even.corn or sugar cane |
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Examples of petrol chemicals made by corn and sugarcane |
-corn ethanol -came ethanol |
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How is cane ethanol made and how can it be used |
Ethanol is made as a byproduct of product during sugar production and can be used as a bio fuel |
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How is corn ethanol made and how can it be used |
By industrial fermentation by using maize as a feed stock and can be mixed with gasoline to decrease pollutant output |
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Name the petrol chemicals and their derivatives |
Ethylene Propylene C4 hydro carbons Higher olefins Benzene Methylbenzene Mixed xylene |
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What is propylene used for |
Chemical feedstock and as monomer |
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What is ethylene used for |
Chemical feed stock and to ripen hormones |
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What are mixed xylene used for |
Used in printing rubber and leather industries and is toxic |
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What can methylbenzene be used for |
A solvent or precursor for other chemicals |
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What are petroleum products |
Useful materials made from crude oil when processed in oil refineries |
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Name me petroleum products |
1.plastics 2.small amounts of sulphur 3.energy carriers like gasoline and diesel fuels 4:less volatile like tar paraffins and wax 5.petroleum Coke |
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What is hydrodesulphurization |
The catalytic process to remove sulphur |
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Where and how do you collect petrol samples |
From storage tanks ,pipelines,etc in cage samplers or weighted bottles/beakers |
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Types of sampling techniques used for petrol |
1.closed sampling 2.open sampling 3.restricted sampling 4.running sampling 5.spot sampling |
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What is open sampling |
Just open the valve and scoop sample from tank |
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What is closed sampling |
Sample is not exposed to outside air and is collected by pipe etc |
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What is restricted sampling |
In between open and closed sampling,takes sample using equipment that reduces not eliminate the amount of vapour lost compared to open sampling |
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What is running sampling |
Sampler is dropped in and then scooped out but the sampler can only reach full when it finally exits the tank |
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What is spot sampling |
Taking a sample at a specific location |
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Types of samplers for petroleum |
Cage sampler Weighted bottle or beaker |
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How does a cage sampler work |
1.attach a bottle and a sampling line to it 2.lower till desired depth 3. Pulling up will remove the cork on the bottle to allow sample to enter |
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When do you use cage sampler |
When doing Running or spot sampling |
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How does a weighted bottle work |
1.attach a line to it 2.lower to desired depth 3.pulling will open the cork to allow sample to enter 4.a restricting devices like a cap with a small hole in it may be used to limit sample entered |
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When do you use weighted bottle or beaker |
During Spot or running sampling |
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How many sample levels are there in a tank and what are they called |
3.the upper sample ,the middle sample and the lower sample |
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What deep is an upper sample collected in |
1/6 deep from the surface of the tank |
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What deep is an middle sample collected in |
1/3 deep from below the surface |
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How deep is the lower sample collected |
5/6 deep from the surface |
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What are the instruments used in petrol industry |
1.temperature indicator 2.pressure measurement 3.flowmeter 4.level meter |
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When do you use condensate smapling |
In high pressure ,off/on shore location |
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When do you do LNG sampling |
For liquified nautral gas like predominantly methane |
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Commons test to petrol products |
1.colour 2.water content (Karl Fischer ) 3.doctors test(sulphur ) 4.vapour pressure |
