Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
List the 4 phyla of animal like protists and give an example of each. |
Ciliophora (Ciliates): Paramecium Zoomastigina (Zooflagellates): Leishmania donovani Sarcodina (Sarcodines): Amoeba proteus Sporozoa (Sporozoans): Plasmodium |
|
|
Describe the life cycle of the Plasmodium parasite |
A mosquito injects sporozoites into the victim. Some sprorzoites enter lymph vessels, travel to the lymph node, and die. Others enter the capillaries, then travel to the liver through the blood stream. In the liver, they reproduce asexually. They burst out of the liver and penetrate reb blood cells. They spend time multiplying in the red blood cells, bursting out of them, and infecting new red blood cells. Eventually, gametes are developed. After entering a feeding mosquito, they fuse to form sporozoites. |
|
|
Name some parasitic protists |
Trypanosomes, plasmodium, giardia, entameba. |
|
|
How do Paramecia move? |
They swin with their cilia. Cilia are hair like projections on the surface of Paramecium. |
|
|
How do amoeba move? |
Ameboid movement: they create psedopods - temporary cytoplasmic projections - that extend outwards of the central mass of the cell. Cytoplasm streams into the pseudopod, and the rest of the cell follows. |
|
|
List the 4 phyla of plant like protists (phytoplankton). |
Euglenophyta: Euglena (hetero and autotrophic) Chrysophyta: no example, but they are golden-brown algae Bacillariophyta (Diatoms): beautiful, abundant, silicon organisms Pyrrophyta (Dinoflagellates): cause bioluminescence |
|
|
What causes red tide? How? |
Gonyaulax polyhedron by releasing toxins. Shellfish ingest these, and if humans eat the shellfish, they can suffer from Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning. |
|
|
What is bioluminescence? |
Protists of the Pyrrophyta phylum cause this. They give off light in the water as you agitate it. |
|
|
What are sacrophytes? |
Fungus like protists that that help recycle nutrient by breaking down decaying organic matter. |
|
|
What are the three kinds of sacrophytes? |
Cellular slime molds: acrasiomycota Acellular slime molds: myxomycota Water molds: oomycota (white fuzz on dead salmon) |
|
|
What are the 3 phylums of macro algae? |
Rhodophyta (Red Algae): have phycobilins that absorb blue light so they can live deeper in the ocean. Ex: Turkish towel Phaeophyta (Brown Algae): have fucoxanthin, brown pigment. Ex: bull kelp Chlorophyta (Green Algae): unicellular (chlamydomonas), colonial (volvox), or multicellular (sea lettuce) |
|
|
What are some human uses for seaweeds? |
Food, agar, waxes, ice cream, deodorants, ice creams |
|
|
How does the physical structure of algae help them thrive in their environment? |
Holdfast: holds them to the ground Stipe: long and flexible so they don't get rekt by storms and such Bladder: full of carbon monoxide so the top of the plant floats to the top Blades: absorb light energy from the sun for photosynthesis |
|
|
How are protists beneficial or harmful to humans the environment? |
Benefits: oxygen production, bottom of food chains, recycling nutrients by decaying organic matter, cleaning sewage, foods Harms: parasitic protists cause disease, red tide |
|
|
Cilia |
Hair like projections used for movement. |
|
|
Trichocysts |
Very small bottle shaped structures used for defense. |
|
|
Macronucleus |
A site for keeping multiple copies of most of the genes that a cell needs in its day to day existence. |
|
|
Micronucleus |
Contains a reverse copy of all genes. |
|
|
Gullet |
An indentation where food particles are trapped. |
|
|
Anal pore |
Waste materials exit the anal pore when the food vacuole fuses with it. |
|
|
Contractile vacuole |
Collects water then contracts to expell it. |
|
|
Food vacuole |
Where food is digested and nutrients are absorbed. |
|
|
What organism causes African sleeping sickness? |
Trypanosomes. |
|
|
What amoeba causes dysentery? |
Entamoeba |
