Intro Comparative Politics - Midterm

Front 1

modernization

Back 1

The transformation from poor agrarian to wealthy industrial societies

Front 2

political development

Back 2

The processes through which modern nations and states arise and how political institutions and regimes evolve

Front 3

political economy

Back 3

The study of the interaction between political and economic phenomena

Front 4

patron-client relationship

Back 4

Top leaders mobilize political support by providing resources to their followers in exchange for political loyalty

Front 5

neocolonialism

Back 5

Relationship between post colonial societies and their former colonizers in which leaders benefit politically and economically by access to the former colonies' wealth and come to serve the interests of the former colonizers and corporations more than they serve their own people

Front 6

internal sovereignty

Back 6

The sole authority within a territory capable of making and enforcing laws and policies; an essential element of a modern state.

Front 7

Peace of Westphalia

Back 7

Agreement among European powers in 1648 that codified the idea of states as legal equals that recognized each other's eternal and internal sovereignty within specified territories and that were prepared to defend that sovereignty and their interests via diplomacy if possible or war if necessary.

Front 8

Quasi State

Back 8

States that have legal sovereignty and international recognition but lack almost all the domestic attributes of a functioning modern state

Front 9

Civil Rights

Back 9

Rights that guaranteed individual freedom as well as equal, just, and fair treatment by the state

Front 10

Historical Materialism

Back 10

The assumption that material forces are the prime movers of history and politics

Front 11

Corporatism

Back 11

Interest group system in which one organization represents each sector of society

Front 12

Theocracy

Back 12

Rule by religious authorities

Front 13

Nationalism

Back 13

an ideological movement for the attainment and maintenance of autonomy, unity, and identity on behalf of a population deemed by some of its members to constitute an actual or potential nation

Front 14

Politics of Recognition

Back 14

The demands for recognition and inclusion that have arisen since the 1960s in racial, religious, ethnic, gender, and other minority or socially marginalized groups

Front 15

Centripetal Approach

Back 15

A means used by democracies to resolve ethnic, sanctity, r other extraordinary characteristics

Front 16

Public Good

Back 16

Those goods or services that cannot or will not be provided via the market because their costs are too high or their benefits too diffuse

Front 17

Keynesian Theory

Back 17

Governments can reduce the "boom and bust" cycles of capitalism via active fiscal policy, including deficit spending when necessary

Front 18

Import Substitution Industrialization

Back 18

Uses trade policy, monetary policy, and currency rates to encourage the creation of new industries to produce goods domestically that the country imported in the past

Front 19

Structural Adjustment Programs

Back 19

Development programs created by the World Bank and IMF beginning in the 1980s based on neoliberalism

Front 20

Developmental State

Back 20

A state that seeks to create national strength by taking an active and conscious role in the development of specific sectors of the economy.

Front 21

jus sanguinis

Back 21

Citizenship based on "blood" ties