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321 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Exaggerated over-curvature of thoracic area of vertebral column
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Kyphosis
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2. Lateral deviation of vertebral column
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Scoliosis
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3. Major feature of cervical vertebrae
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Transverse foramina
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4. Vertebra located at level of iliac crest
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L4
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5. Ligament that connects internal surface of laminae of vertebrae
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Ligamentum flavum
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6. Ligament that checks hyperextension of vertebral column
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Anterior longitudinal
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7. Ligament affected by whiplash injury
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Anterior longitudinal
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8. Ligament which limits skull rotation
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Alar
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9. Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in cervical area
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Pedicle
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10. Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in lumbar area
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Pars interarticularis, Lamina
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11. Common direction of all superior articular facets of vertebrae
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Posterior
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12. Structure in contact with posterior surface of dens
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Transverse ligament of atlas (part of cruciate)
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13. Most commonly herniated intervertebral disc
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L4-5
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14. Most common nerve compressed with herniated intervertebral disc
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L5
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15. Spinal nerve affected by protrusion of the disc between C5/6
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C6
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16. Thoracic intercostal space located deep to triangle of auscultation
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sixth
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17. Vertebral level of lumbar puncture
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L4
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18. Innervation of suboccipital muscles
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Suboccipital nerve
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19. Roof of suboccipital triangle
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Semispinalis capitis
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20. Floor of suboccipital triangle
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Posterior arch of atlas, posterior atlanto-occipital membrane
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21. Major vessel within suboccipital triangle
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Vertebral artery
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22. Synonym for dorsal ramus of C2
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Greater occipital nerve
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23. Inferior extent of dura-arachnoid sac
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SV2
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24. Inferior extent of spinal cord
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LV2
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25. Location of internal vertebral plexus
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Epidural space
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26. Most frequently fractured bone of body
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Clavicle
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27. Most frequently dislocated carpal bone
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Lunate
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28. Most frequently fracture carpal bone
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Scaphoid
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29. Name of fracture of distal radius that produces “dinner fork” appearance
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Colle’s fracture
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30. Nerve injured with fracture of surgical neck of humerus
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Axillary
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31. Nerve injured with fracture of medial humeral epicondyle
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Ulnar
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32. Nerve injured with fracture of shaft of humerus
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Radial
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33. Nerve injured in wrist drop
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Radial
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34. Muscle that is chief flexor and chief extensor at shoulder joint
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Deltoid
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35. Muscles innervated by axillary nerve
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Deltoid and teres minor
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36. Muscle that initiates abduction of arm
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Supraspinatus
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37. Most commonly torn tendon of rotator cuff
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Supraspinatus
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38. Two muscles that rotate scapula for full abduction of arm
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Trapezius and serratus
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39. Tendon that courses through shoulder joint
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Long head of biceps
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40. Chief supinator muscle of hand
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Biceps brachii
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41. Injury to what nerve causes winged scapula
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Long thoracic nerve
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42. Spinal levels of axillary nerve
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C5 and C6
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43. Spinal levels to muscles of the hand
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C8 and T1
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44. Dermatome of thumb
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C6
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45. Nerve to thenar compartment
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Recurrent branch of
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46. Innervation of adductor pollicis
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Ulnar (deep br.)
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47. Innervation to all interosseous muscles
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Ulnar (deep br.)
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48. Region affected by upper trunk injury of brachial plexus
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Shoulder
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49. Region affected by lower trunk injury of brachial plexus
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Intrinsic hand muscles
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50. Nerve compressed with carpal tunnel syndrome
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Median
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51. Nerve affected by cubital tunnel syndrome
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Ulnar
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52. Paralysis of which muscles results in total “claw” hand
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Lumbricals
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53. Boundaries of femoral triangle
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Inguinal ligament, sartorius
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54. Structure immediately lateral to femoral sheath
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Femoral nerve
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55. Structure immediately medial to femoral artery in femoral sheath
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Femoral vein
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56. Contents of femoral canal
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Deep inguinal lymph nodes
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57. Medial boundary of femoral ring
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Lacunar ligament
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58. Structures that course throughout entire length of adductor canal
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Femoral artery and vein
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59. Structures that course through only portion of adductor canal
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Saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis, descending genicular vessels
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60. Muscle that forms floor of popliteal fossa
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Popliteus
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61. Muscle that is chief flexor at hip joint
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Iliopsoas
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62. Muscle that prevents pelvis from tilting when walking
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Gluteus medius
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63. Muscle that extends leg
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Quadriceps femoris
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64. Muscle that unlocks knee joint
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Popliteus
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65. Muscle affected with “foot slap”
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Tibialis anterior
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66. Chief invertors of foot
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Tibialis anterior and
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67. Chief evertors of foot
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Fibularis longus and brevis
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68. Ligament that checks backward displacement of femur on tibia
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Anterior cruciate
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69. Ligament laxity with positive valgus maneuver
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Medial collateral
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70. Most commonly injured ankle ligament
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Anterior talofibular
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71. Ligament stretched with “flat foot”
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Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring)
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72. Joints for movements of inversion and eversion
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Subtalar and transverse Tarsal
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73. Major artery to head of femur in adult
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Medial femoral circumflex
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74. Nerve affected with fracture of head and neck of fibula
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Common fibular
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75. Tendon affected with avulsion fracture of 5th metatarsal
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Fibularis brevis
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76. Innervation of adductor magnus
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Obturator, tibial portion of
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77. Nerve affected with tarsal tunnel syndrome
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Tibial
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78. Cutaneous innervation to medial side of foot
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Saphenous (L4)
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79. Cutaneous innervation to lateral side of foot
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Sural (S1)
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80. Cutaneous innervation of heel
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Tibial
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81. Cutaneous innervation to dorsal aspect of web between toes 1 and 2
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Deep fibular
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82. Cutaneous innervation of most of dorsum of foot
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Superficial fibular
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83. Major dermatome to big toe
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L4
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84. Dermatome to small toe
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S1
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85. Spinal level of patellar reflex
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L4
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86. Spinal level of Achilles reflex
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S1
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87. Locking of knee when walking suggests
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Meniscus injury
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88. Major injury triad with lateral impact to knee
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Medial collateral, medial meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament
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89. Dermatome around nipple
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T4
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90. Vertebral level at inferior angle of scapula
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TV7
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91. Structure that lies immediately posterior to manubrium
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Thymus
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92. Rib related to oblique fissure of lung posteriorly
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2nd
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93. Rib paralleled by horizontal fissure of right lung
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4th
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94. Inferior extent of lung at midclavicular line
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6th rib
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95. Inferior extent of pleura at midclavicular line
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8th rib
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96. Inferior extent of lung at midaxillary line
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8th rib
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97. Inferior extent of pleura at midaxillary line
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10th rib
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98. Inferior extent of lung posteriorly
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10th rib
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99. Inferior extent of pleura posteriorly
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12th rib
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100. Innervation of costal pleura
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Intercostal nerve
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101. Innervation of mediastinal pleura
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Phrenic nerve
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102. Site for auscultation of pulmonary valve
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Left 2nd interspace
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103. Site for auscultation of aortic valve
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Right 2nd interspace
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104. Site for auscultation of tricuspid valve
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Xiphisternal joint
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105. Site for auscultation of mitral valve
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Left 5th interspace,
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106. Heart chamber with greatest sternocostal projection
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Right ventricle
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107. Chamber that forms apex of heart
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Left ventricle
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108. major chamber that forms base of heart
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Left atrium
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109. Heart chamber that contains moderator band
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Right ventricle
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110. Artery that determines coronary dominance
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Posterior interventricular
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111. Usual origin of SA and AV nodal arteries
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Right coronary artery
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112. Location of SA node
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Cristae terminalis
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113. Major vessel that drains the musculature of the heart
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Coronary sinus
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114. Innervation of fibrous pericardium
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Phrenic nerve
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115. Most common cause of systolic ejection murmur
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Aortic stenosis
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116. Rib associated with sternal angle
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Second rib
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117. Vertebral level associated with sternal angle
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Disc between TV4-5
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118. Location of ductus arteriosus
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Between left pulmonary
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119. Nerve potentially injured with repair of patent ductus arteriosus
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Left recurrent laryngeal Nerve
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120. Veins that unite to form brachiocephalic
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Subclavian and internal Jugular
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121. Veins that unite to form superior vena cava
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Right and left
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122. Termination of azygos vein
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Superior vena cava
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123. Structures that lie to right and left of thoracic duct
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Azygos veins, aorta
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124. Spinal levels of greater splanchnic nerve
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T5-9
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125. Spinal levels of lesser splanchnic nerve
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T10-11
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126. Spinal levels of least splanchnic nerve
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T12
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127. Thoracic structures that can compress the esophagus
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Left bronchus, aorta and Diaphragm
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128. Disease often associated with thymoma
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Myasthenia gravis
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129. Remnant of umbilical vein
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Round ligament of liver
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130. Dermatome to umbilical area
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T10
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131. Dermatome to suprapubic area
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L1
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132. Vertebral level associated with origin of celiac artery
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T12
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133. Vertebral level associated with origin of SMA
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L1
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134. Vertebral level associated with origin renal arteries
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L2
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135. Vertebral level associated with origin of gonadal arteries
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L2
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136. Vertebral level associated with origin of IMA
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L3
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137. Vertebral level of umbilicus Disc
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L3-4
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138. Vertebral level of aortic bifurcation
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L5
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139. Vertebral level for formation of IVC
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L5
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140. Spinal levels to muscles of anterior abdominal wall
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T7 – L1
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141. Structure that forms superficial inguinal ring
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Aponeurosis of external Oblique
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142. Structure that forms deep inguinal ring
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Trasnversalis fasica
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143. Structure that form floor of inguinal canal
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Inguinal ligament
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144. Bony attachments of inguinal ligament
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ASIS and pubic tubercle
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145. Structures that form conjoint tendon
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Internal oblique and
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146. Abdominal layer continuous with external spermatic fascia
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External oblique
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147. Abdominal continuous with cremasteric fascia
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Internal oblique
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148. Abdominal layer continuous with internal spermatic fascia
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Transversalis fascia
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149. Structure that lies between protrusion sites of direct and indirect hernias
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Inferior epigastric artery
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150. Type of hernia that enters deep inguinal ring
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Indirect inguinal
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151. Most common type of hernia
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Indirect inguinal
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152. Most common side for indirect inguinal hernia
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Right
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153. Type of hernia that protrudes through Hesselbach’s triangle
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Direct inguinal
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154. Boundaries of Hesselbach’s triangle
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Inguinal ligament, rectus abdominis, inferior epigastric artery and vein
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155. Type of hernia that traverses both deep and superficial rings
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Indirect inguinal
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156. Fluid in processus vaginalis
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Hydrocele
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157. Communication between greater and lesser sacs
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Epiploic foramen
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158. Superior border of epiploic foramen
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Caudate lobe of liver
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159. Inferior border of epiploic foramen
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Part one of duodenum
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160. Posteiror border of epiploic foramen
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IVC
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161. Ligament that contains portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct
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Hepatoduodenal (lesser omentum)
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162. Structure that limits spread of ascitic fluid in left paracolic gutter
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Phrenicocolic ligament
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163. Structuer that limits spread of ascitic fluid within infracolic compartment
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Root of mesentary
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164. Superior extent of right paracolic gutter
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Hepatorenal recess
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165. Most inferior portion of peritoneal cavity
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Rectouterine pouch
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166. Structures supplied by celiac artery
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Stomach, duodenum, liver, spleen, gallbladder, pancreas
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167. Branches of celiac artery
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Left gastric, common
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168. Blood supply to stomach
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Right and left
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169. Major structures of bed of stomach
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Pancreas, spleen, left
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170. Ducts that join to form common bile duct
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Cystic and common Hepatic
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171. Structure that separates right and left lobes of liver
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Falciform ligament
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172. Origin of cystic artery
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Right hepatic artery
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173. Ribs directly related to spleen
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Ribs 9-11
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174. Organs related to spleen
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Stomach, colon, left
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176. Organs supplied by both celiac and SMA
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Duodenum, pancreas
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177. Organs supplied by both SMA and IMA
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Transverse colon
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178. Vessel located posterior to head of pancreas
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IVC
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179. Vessel located posterior to neck of pancreas
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Portal vein
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180. Veins that unite to form portal vein
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Splenic and SMV
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181. Clinically importatnt organs for portacaval anastomoses
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Esophagus, rectum, liver
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182. Two structures that lies posterior to SMA near its origin
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Left renal vein, duodenum
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183. Three distinguishing features of the large intestine
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Tenia coli, haustra, epiploic appendages
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184. Termination of left gonadal vein
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Left renal vein
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185. Termination of right gonadal vein
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Inferior vena cava
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186. Location of initial pain of appendicitis
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Umbilical region
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187. Motor innervation of diaphragm
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Phrenic
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188. Sensory innervation of diaphragm
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Phrenic + intercostal
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189. Spinal levels of phrenic nerve
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C3-5
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190. Vertebral level that inferior vena cava traverses diaphragm
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T8
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191. Vertebral level that esophagus traverses diaphragm
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T10
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192. Structures that traverse diaphragm with esophagus
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Vagal trunks
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193. Vertebral level that aorta traverses diaphragm
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T12
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194. Structure that traverses diaphragm with aorta
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Thoracic duct
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195. Structure that traverses diaphragm through crura
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Greater, lesser and least splanchnic nerves
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196. Structure that separates pelvis and perineum
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Pelvic diaphragm
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197. Two major components of pelvic diaphragm
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Levator ani + coccygeus
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198. Two major components of levator ani
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Pubococcygeus and
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199. Two muscles which close lateral pelvic wall
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Obturator internus and Piriformis
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200. Means by which obturator internus exits pelvis
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Lesser sciatic foramen
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201. Means by which piriformis exits pelvis
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Greater sciatic foramen
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202. Innervation of detrusor
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Pelvic splanchnics (S2-4)
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203. Remnants of umbilical arteries
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Medial umbilical ligaments
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204. Chief artery to rectal mucosa
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Superior rectal
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205. Most common type of pelvic inlet in females
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Gynecoid
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206. Two remnants of gubernaculum in females
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Ovarian and round Ligament
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207. Ligament that contains ovarian vessels
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Suspensory ligament of Ovary
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208. Lymph nodes for ovary and testes
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Lumbar
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209. Normal position of uterus
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Anterverted, anteflexed
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210. Chief uterine support
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Pubococcygeus
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211. Ligament that contains uterine vessels
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Lateral cervical
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212. Structure potentially injured with hysterectomy
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Ureter
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213. Relation of ureter to uterine artery
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Inferior and posterior
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214. Structure that separates deep and superficial perineal spaces
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Perineal membrane
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215. Bony landmarks between anal and UG triangles
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Ischial tuberosities
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216. Lateral wall of ischioanal fossa
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Fascia of obturator
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217. Structure that forms the pudendal canal
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Fascia of obturator Internus
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218. Structure that separates internal and external hemorrhoids
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Pectinate line
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219. Lymph nodes for area superior to pectinate line of anal canal
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Internal iliac, IM
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220. Lymph nodes for area inferior to pectinate line of anal canal
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Superficial inguinal
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221. Major structure of deep perineal space
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Sphincter urethrae
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222. Lymph nodes for glans penis
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Deep inguinal
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223. Muscle which compresses the bulb of penis
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Bulbospongiosus
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224. Muscle which compresses the crus of penis
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Ischiocavernosus
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225. Muscles which meet at the perineal body
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Superficial and deep perineal, bulbospongiosus, external anal sphincter, pubococcygeus
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226. Vertebral level of hyoid bone
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CV3
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227. Vertebral level of thyroid cartilage
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CV4,5
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228. Vertebral level of cricoid cartilage
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CV6
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229. Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
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Trapezius, SCM
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230. Structures that course between anterior and middle scalene
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Brachial plexus, subclavian artery
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231. Innervation of omohyoid, sternohyoid and sternothyroid
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Ansa cervicalis
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232. Innervation of digastric
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Anterior belly = CN V, Posterior belly = CN VII
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233. Innervation of carotid sinus and carotid body
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CN IX, CN X
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234. Major structures to pass through pharyngeal wall superior to superior constrictor
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Auditory tube, levator veli Palatini
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235. Nerves of pharyngeal plexus
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CN IX, CN X, Sympathetics
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236. Only muscle innervated by CN IX
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Stylopharyngeus
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237. Structures that pierce thyrohyoid membrane
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Internal laryngeal nerve, superior laryngeal artery
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238. Only muscle to abduct vocal cords
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Posterior cricoarytenoid
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239. Innervation of cricothyroid
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External laryngeal nerve
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240. Innervation of laryngeal muscles exclusive of cricothyroid
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Recurrent laryngeal
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241. Muscle that increases tension on vocal cords
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Cricothyroid
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242. Sensory nerve to larynx superior to vocal cords
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Internal laryngeal
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243. Sensory nerve to larynx inferior to vocal cords
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Recurrent laryngeal
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244. Site of aspirated lodged fishbone
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Piriform recess
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245. Afferent – efferent limbs of gag reflex
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CN IX – CN X
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246. Afferent – efferent limbs of cough reflex
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CN X – CN X
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247. Nerve injury that causes hoarseness following thyroid surgery
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Recurrent laryngeal
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248. Chief structures that traverse internal acoustic meatus
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CN VII and VIII
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249. Foramen where CN VII exits skull
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Stylomastoid foramen
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250. Major arterial supply to calvaria and supratentorial dura
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Middle meningeal
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251. Major cutaneous nerve of face
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CN V
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252. Major artery to internal structures of head
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Maxillary
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253. Spinal levels of sympathetic fibers to head
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T1 – 2
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254. Autonomic ganglia for CN III
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Ciliary
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255. Sensory ganglia for CN VII
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Geniculate
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256. Autonomic ganglia for CN VII
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PPG and submandibular
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257. Autonomic ganglia for CN IX
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Otic
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258. Muscle attached to disc of TMJ
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Lateral pterygoid
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|
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259. Muscle that retracts mandible
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Temporalis
|
|
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260. Major nerve to TMJ (pain)
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Auriculotemporal
|
|
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261. Specific nerves that elicit secretion from the parotid gland
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Tympanic branch of CN IX and lesser petrosal
|
|
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262. Branch of CN V that carries parasympathetics to parotid
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Auriculotemporal
|
|
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263. Structure that opens into superior meatus of nasal cavity
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Posterior ethmoid sinus
|
|
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264. Structures that open into middle meatus of nasal cavity
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Frontal, maxillary, anterior and middle ethmoid
|
|
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265. Structures that opens into inferior meatus of nasal cavity
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Nasolacrimal duct
|
|
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266. Major artery to nasal cavity
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Sphenopalatine
|
|
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267. Most common site of nose bleed
|
Kiesselbach’s plexus
|
|
|
268. Innervation of levator veli palatini
|
CN X
|
|
|
269. Muscle that opens auditory tube
|
Tensor veli palatini
|
|
|
270. Innervation of tensor veli palatini
|
CN V3
|
|
|
271. Nerve that provides taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
|
Chorda tympani
|
|
|
272. Site of cell bodies for nerve that carries taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
|
Geniculate ganglion
|
|
|
273. Specific nerve that elicits secretion from submandibular gland
|
Chorda tympani
|
|
|
274. Branch of CN V that carries parasympathetic to submandibular
|
Lingual
|
|
|
275. Nerve injured when tonsilar pillars sag and uvula deviates
|
CN X
|
|
|
276. Nerve potentially injured with tonsillectomy
|
CN IX
|
|
|
277. Muscle that protrudes tongue
|
Genioglossus
|
|
|
278. Nerve injured when deviation of protruded tongue
|
Ipsilateral CN XII
|
|
|
279. Specific nerve that stimulates tear production
|
Greater petrosal CN VII
|
|
|
280. Sensory nerve to cornea
|
CN V1 (nasociliary)
|
|
|
281. Muscle that elevates and abducts eye
|
Inferior oblique
|
|
|
282. Muscle that depresses and abducts eye
|
Superior oblique
|
|
|
283. Site of preganglionic nerve cells that elicits dilation of pupil
|
Lateral horn, T1 - 2
|
|
|
284. Site of postganglionic nerve cells that elicits dilation of pupil
|
Superior cervical ganglion
|
|
|
285. Site of preganglionic nerve cells that elicits constriction of pupil
|
Edinger-Westphal
|
|
|
286. Site of postganglionic nerve cells that elicits constriction of pupil
|
Ciliary ganglion
|
|
|
287. Innervation of external surface of tympanic membrane
|
Auriculotemporal, CN X
|
|
|
288. Innervation of internal surface of tympanic membrane
|
CN IX
|
|
|
289. Level where ascending aorta is continuous with arch of aorta
|
TV4-5
|
|
|
290. Level where arch of aorta is continuous with descending aorta
|
TV4-5
|
|
|
291. Effect of sympathetic nerves on lungs
|
Bronchodilation, Vasoconstriction
|
|
|
292. Effect of parasympathetic nerves on lungs
|
Bronchoconstriction, Vasodilation
|
|
|
293. Rationale for aspirated small objects to go to right primary bronchus
|
Wider diameter, shorter and more vertical
|
|
|
294. Needle location for therapeutic pleural tapping
|
Superior to 12th rib, posteriorly
|
|
|
295. Name given to portion of right ventricle prior to beginning of pulmonary trunk
|
conus arteriosum or infundibulum
|
|
|
296. Name given to orientation where uterus and vagina intersect at angle of 90 degrees
|
Anteversion
|
|
|
297. Name given to orientation where uterine body and cervix intersect at angle of 10-15 degrees
|
Anteflexion
|
|
|
298. Ridge located between sinus venarum and right ventricle
|
Cristae terminalis
|
|
|
299. Nerve at risk when performing thyroidectomy
|
Both left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves
|
|
|
300. Specific muscle that holds patella in place
|
Vastus medialis
|
|
|
301. First portion of quadriceps femoris to atrophy with injury to femoral nerve
|
Vastus medialis
|
|
|
302. Last portion of quadriceps femoris to recover following injury
|
Vastus medialis
|
|
|
303. Innervation to nail bed of middle finger
|
Median nerve
|
|
|
304. Innervation to nail bed of ring finger
|
Ulnar and median
|
|
|
305. Spinal nerve affected with herniated disc at L3/L4
|
L4
|
|
|
Tendon that courses through shoulder joint
|
Long head of biceps
|
|
|
Innervation to all interosseous muscles
|
Ulnar (deep br)
|
|
|
Contents of femoral canal
|
Deep inguinal lymph nodes
|
|
|
Most commonly injured ankle ligament
|
Anterior talofibular
|
|
|
Cutaneous innervation to dorsal aspect of web between toes 1 and 2
|
Deep fibular nerve
|
|
|
Location of SA node
|
Cristae terminalis
|
|
|
Spinal levels of lesser splanchnic nerve
|
T10-T11
|
|
|
Remnant of umbilical vein
|
Round ligament of liver
|
|
|
Boundaries of Hesselbach's triangle
|
Inguinal ligament, rectus
abdominis, inferior epigastric artery and vein |
|
|
Organs supplied by both SMA and IMA
|
Transverse colon
|
|
|
Vessel located posterior to neck of pancreas
|
Portal vein
|
|
|
Clinically important organs for portocaval anastomoses
|
Esophagus, rectum, liver
|
|
|
Sensory innervation of diaphragm
|
Phrenic + intercostal
|
|
|
Motor innervation of diaphragm
|
Phrenic
|
|
|
Artery to small intestine
|
SMA
|
|
|
Structure potentially injured with hysterectomy
|
Ureter
|
|
|
Innervation of omohyoid, sternohyoid and sternothyroid
|
Ansa cervicalis
|
