Hcib Chemistry Chapter 4 Matter And Change

Front 1

Electromagnetic Radiation

Back 1

Form of energy that exhibits wavelength behavior as it travels through space

Front 2

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Back 2

All forms of electromagnetic radiation

Front 3

Wavelength

Back 3

Distance between two corresponding points

Front 4

Frequency

Back 4

Number of waves that pass a given point during a ceartin time

Front 5

Photoelectric Effect

Back 5

The emission of electrons from a metal when a light shines on it

Front 6

Quantum

Back 6

Minimum quantity of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom

Front 7

Photon

Back 7

Particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and carrying a quantum of energy

Front 8

Ground state

Back 8

Lowest energy state of an atom

Front 9

Excited state

Back 9

A state in which the atom has a higher amount of energy than in the ground state

Front 10

Line Emission Spectrum

Back 10

4 Bands of light resulting from the shining of light through a prism

Front 11

Continuous Spectrum

Back 11

The Emission of a continuous range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation

Front 12

Heisenberg Unceartainty Principle

Back 12

States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and the velocity of an electron or any other particle

Front 13

Quantum Theory

Back 13

Describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles

Front 14

Orbital

Back 14

3-Dimensional region around the nucleus that determines the probable location of an electron.

Front 15

Quantum Numbers

Back 15

Specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals

Front 16

Principle Quantum Number

Back 16

The quantum number that indicates the energy and orbital of an electron in an atom.

Front 17

Angular Momentum Quantum Number

Back 17

The quantum number that indicates the shape of an orbital.

Front 18

Magnetic Quantum Number

Back 18

The quantum number that corresponds to the alignment of the angular momentum component with a magnetic field.

Front 19

Spin Quantum Number

Back 19

The quantum number that describes the intrinsic angular momentum of a particle.

Front 20

Electron Configuration

Back 20

The arrangement of electrons in an atom.

Front 21

Aufbau Principle

Back 21

The principle that states that the structure of each successive element is obtained by adding one proton to the nucleus of the atom and one electron to the lowest-energy orbital that is available.

Front 22

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Back 22

The principle that states that two particles of a certain class cannot be in exactly the same energy state.

Front 23

Hund's Rule

Back 23

The rule that states that for an atom in the ground state, the number of unpaired electrons is the maximum possible and these unpaired electrons have the same spin.

Front 24

Noble Gas

Back 24

One of the elements of Group 18 of the periodic table (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon); noble gases are un-reactive.

Front 25

Noble-Gas Configuration

Back 25

An outer main energy level fully occupied, in most cases, by eight electrons.