Gray's Anatomy For Students - The Thorax

Front 1

Pectoralis Major (O)

Back 1

medial half of clavicle, anterior surface of sternum, first 7 costal cart, aponeurosis of external oblique

Front 2

Pectorali Major (IS)

Back 2

proximal part of humerus (lat lip of intertubercular groove)

Front 3

Pectoralis Major (IV)

Back 3

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Front 4

Pectoralis Major (F)

Back 4

adduction, medial rotation, and flexion of the humerus

Front 5

Subclavius (O)

Back 5

rib I at junction between rib and costal cartilage

Front 6

Subclavius (IS)

Back 6

groove on interior surface of middle third of clavicle

Front 7

Subclavius (IV)

Back 7

nerve to subclavius

Front 8

Subclavius (F)

Back 8

pulls clavicle medially to stabilize sternoclavicular joint

Front 9

Pectoralis Minor (O)

Back 9

anterior surfaces of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs, and deep fascia overlying the related intercostal spaces

Front 10

Pectoralis Minor (IS)

Back 10

coracoid process of the scapula

Front 11

Pectoralis Minor (IV)

Back 11

medial pectoral nerves

Front 12

Pectoralis Minor (F)

Back 12

depresses tip of shoulder, protracts scapula

Front 13

External Intercostal (SA)

Back 13

inferior margin of rib above

Front 14

External Intercostal (IA)

Back 14

superior surface of rib below

Front 15

External Intercostal (IV)

Back 15

intercostal nerves (T1-T11)

Front 16

External Intercostal (F)

Back 16

most active during inspiration; supports intercostal space, moves ribs superiorly

Front 17

Internal Intercostal (SA)

Back 17

lateral edge of costal groove of rib above

Front 18

Internal Intercostal (IA)

Back 18

superior surface of rib below deep to the attachment of related external intercostal

Front 19

Internal Intercostal (IV)

Back 19

intercostal nerves; T1-T11

Front 20

Internal Intercostal (F)

Back 20

most active during expiration; supports intercostal space; moves ribs inferiorly

Front 21

Innermost Intercostals (SA)

Back 21

medial edge of costal groove of rib above

Front 22

Innermost Intercostals (IA)

Back 22

internal aspect of superior surface of rib below

Front 23

Innermost Intercostals (IV)

Back 23

intercostal nerves; T1-T11

Front 24

Innermost Intercostals (F)

Back 24

acts with internal intercostals

Front 25

subcostales (SA)

Back 25

internal surface (near angle) of lower ribs

Front 26

subcostales (IA)

Back 26

internal surface of 2nd or 3rd rib below

Front 27

subcostales (IV)

Back 27

related intercostal nerves

Front 28

subcostales (F)

Back 28

may depress ribs

Front 29

Transversus Thoracis (SA)

Back 29

lower margins and internal surfaces of cocostal cartilages of 2nd to 6th ribs

Front 30

Transversus Thoracis (IA)

Back 30

inferior aspect of deep surface of body of sternum, xiphoid process and costal cartilages ribs IV-VII

Front 31

Transversus Thoracis (IV)

Back 31

related intercostal nerves

Front 32

Transversus Thoracis (F)

Back 32

depresses costal cartilages

Front 33

Branch of Thoracic Aorta:
Pericardial Branches

Back 33

few small vessels to the posterior surface of the pericardial sac

Front 34

Branch of Thoracic Aorta:
Bronchial Branches

Back 34

vary in #, size and origin; usually two left arteries from thoracic aorta and one right bronchial artery from the 3rd post intercostal artery or the upper left bronchial artery

Front 35

Branch of Thoracic Aorta:
Esophageal Branches

Back 35

4 or 5 vessels from the anterior aspect of the thoracic aorta, which form a continuous anastomotic chain

Front 36

Branch of Thoracic Aorta:
Mediastinal Branches

Back 36

several small branches supplying lymph nodes, vessels, nerves and areolar tissue in the post mediastinum

Front 37

Branch of Thoracic Aorta:
Posterior Intercostal Arteries

Back 37

9 pairs of vessels branching from the posterior surface of the thoracic aorta

Front 38

Branch of Thoracic Aorta:
Superior Phrenic Arteries

Back 38

small vessels from the lower part of the thoracic aorta supplying the posterior part of the superior surface of the diaphragm

Front 39

Branch of Thoracic Aorta:
Subcostal Artery

Back 39

lowest pair of branches from the thoracic aorta located inferior to rib XII

Front 40

Functions of the Thorax

Back 40

1. Breathing
2. Blood Flow
3. Protection

Front 41

Functions of the Respiratory System

Back 41

1. Move Air
2. Exchange Gases (O2 and CO2)
3. Speech

Front 42

Functions of the Cardiovascular System

Back 42

1. Move fluid
2. Move gas
3. Move nutrients
4. Defense
5. Temperature Regulation
6. Endocrine

Front 43

Posterior Mediastinum (7 birds)

Back 43

1. Esophagus
2. Azygos
3. Hemiazygos
4. Accessory Hemiazygos
5. Right Vagus
6. Left Vagus
7. Thoracic Duct