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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Federal Budget Process
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Congress passes Appropritions
Bill Congress passed Budget Resolution President formally sends his budget to Cogress with a message. President must create and send his budget to Congress by 1st Monday of February |
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Expressed Powers
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--Conduct Foreign affairs.
--Obtain necessary and proper clause. --Raise an army. --Regulate commerce. --Estab. Postal service. --Coin money --Admit new states |
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Concurrent Powers
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--Enforce laws.
--Estab. Courts. --Collect taxes. --Borrow Money --Provide for the general welfare. |
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Reserved Powers
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--Provide for public safety.
--Regulate trade within the states --Establis local gov’t --Conduct elections. --Estab public schools. |
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What is a federal system
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System of gov’t where the power of the gov’t is divided between the federal and state gov’t
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What amendment gives the states reserved powers
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10
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is the supremacy clause, and what amendment created it
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Federal gov’t has all power over sate gov’t and the amendment is 6
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Explain the decision of McCulloch v. Maryland 1819. what caused the case and its decision
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Upheld the supremecy clause that matters of difference between the state and federal gov’t the federal gov’t is going to win.
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What is the main purpose of the Constitution
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Provide framework for the gov’t
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What are the three main parts to the Constitution
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Preamble, Articles, Amendments
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According to the Preamble what, in your own words, are the six purposes of the gov’t
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1. To unite the states.
2. to crate a system of fair laws. 3. To maintain peace and order. 4. to be ready militarily to protect the country. 5. To help people live healthy, happy lives. 6. To guarantee the freedom and basic rights to all Americans and to future generations. |
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What Branch of gov’t does Article I deal with, and why is it first
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Legislative Branch, because it was to take a lead role in the gov’t.
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Congressional
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Proposal: Vote of 2/3 of members of both houses in congress.
Ratification: Approved by ¾ of the state legislatures |
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National Convention
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Proposal: By national convention called at the request of 2/3 of state legislatures
Ratification: Approved by ¾ of ratifying convetions held in all states. |
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What branch of gov’t is given the necessary and proper clause
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Legislative
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What branch of gov’t has the final authority on interpreting the Constitution
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Judicial due to the judicial review
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Explain the necessary and proper clause
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Allows Congress to exercise powers that are not specifically listed in the Constitution for the good of the country. Called implied Powers
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What are the first 10 amendments to the Constitution called
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Bill of Rights
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What are justifications for the limitations of the First Amendment? Give an example for these limitations?
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Safety and security of the Country. Do not have the right to endanger the gov’t leaders verbally.
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What amendments protect the rights of the accused
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4, 5, 6, 8.
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What is double jeopardy and what amendment discussed this term
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People who are accused of a crime may not be tried twice for the same offense.
--5th. |
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What three amendments where enacted after the Civil War and what was their purpose
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13, 14, 15,
--Ensure all civil liberties to African Americans. |
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What amendment gave women’s suffrage
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19th
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What amendment limits Presidential terms
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22
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What did the 25th amendment create
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Provided a “sucession of order” in terms of replacing the President.
--VP, Speaker of the House |
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Complete the Chart on the Bill of Rights
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1. Freedom of Speech, Press, Assembly, and petition.
2. Right to Bear Arms. 3. No private quartering of soldiers. 4. Right against improper search and seizures. 5. Rights of the Accused, Double Jeopardy, Due Process. 6. Rights to a speedy trial and a fair trail. 7. Right to trial by jury. 8. Excessive bail or no cruel or unusual punishment. 9. Powers of People. 10. Powers not given to the federal gov’t and not denied to the states will be given to the states. |
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. What are the kind of cases the justices take
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Criminal and Appeals, or Cases that have Constitutionality
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Why must the Supreme Court print its decisions
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To ensure of understanding of their ruling and to establish precedence
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Why are precedents important in Supreme Court decisions making process
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To ensure constistency within the court systems
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Limited Gov’t
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Gov’t officials cannot act arbitrary when they make and enforce public decisions. They are guided and limited by laws as they carry out the duties of their gov’t offices,
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Rule of Law
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Neither government officials nor common citizens are supposed to violate the law
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Popular Sovereignty
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The notion that power lies with the people not the national gov’t or its officials.
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Separation of Powers
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The split of authority among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
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Checks and Balances
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A system in which each branch of government is able to check or restrain the power of the other branches of gov’t so no one branch has more power than the other.
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A system in which each branch of government is able to check or restrain the power of the other branches of gov’t so no one branch has more power than the other.
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Powers specifically granted to the national government. EX: Raise an army.
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Reserved Powers
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Powers that the Constitution doesn’t give to the national government that are kept by the states. EX: trade within state borders, establishing schools, rules for marriage.
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Concurrent Powers
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Authority of the states and the national government overlaps. EX: power to collect taxes, borrow money, and set up court systems.
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Grants-In-Aid
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Money awarded to states from the national government for helping pay for programs. EX: Seat Belt Laws, highway projects
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Budget:
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Blueprint of how the gov’t will raise and spend money
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Fiscal Year
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a 12 month period that may or may not match a calendar
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Mandatory Spending
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Money that must be spent in the federal Budget.
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Discretionary Spending
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Government money that must be approved by congress.
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Revenue:
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Money that the gov’t obtains
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Proportional Taxation
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Takes the same percentage of income from everyone regardless of how
much he or she earns. Also known as a FLAT TAX. |
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Progressive Taxation
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The tax rate increases as your income increases.
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Social Security
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Gov’t program that provides money to people who are retired or disabled
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Expenditure
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Programs that Gov’t spends funds or money on
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Civil Liberties
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Freedoms to think and act without gov’t interference or fear of gov’t involvement
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Marbury v. Madison
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Established judicial review that gave Supreme court the ability to claim any amendment, or law unconstitutional
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Gideon v. Wainwright
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Declared that a person accused of a major crime had the right to legal council during a trial that was state afforded.
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Ogden v. Gibbons
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Established that Congress has sole authourity to regulate interstate commerce.
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Brown v. Board of Education
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Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson. Segregation was illegal and unconstitutional.
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Miranda v Arizona
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Ruled that at the time of arrest suspects cannot be questioned until informed of their rights.
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Tinker v. Des Moines School District
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Schools may not suspend 1st amendment rights to free speech or dress code when it is an express of pure speech
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Furman v Georgia
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Furman v Georgia
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Roe v Wade:
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Abortion rights
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United States v Nixon
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Established rule of law and that even the president is not above the law.
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In Re Gault
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Ensured Amendment rights to minors in all cases
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What is the definition of a government
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Ruling authority for a community
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What are the four basic functions of government
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1. Keep order.
2. Provide services. 3. Provide Security. 4. Guide the community |
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What is public policy and give an example
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A course of gov’t action to achieve community goals.
--Strengthen the national security |
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Where is the national gov’t located in the United State
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--Washingtong D.C.
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What level of gov’t is the closest to people
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Local gov’t
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What are the three branches of Gov’t? and explain what is the purpose of each branch
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Executive, Legislative, Judicial
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Executive Check over Legislative
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Can veto legislation
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Executive Check over Judicial
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Can appoint judges
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Legislative check over Executive
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Can override a veto, Can impeach president. Can refuse treaties
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Legislative check over Judicial
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: Can impeach judges or reject executive appointments
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Judicial check over Executive
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Can declare presidential actions unconstitutinal
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Judicial check over Legislative
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Can declare Congressional actions unconstitutional
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