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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What maternal factors increase the risk of congenital defects in the neonate? |
Menstrual Difficulties (amenorrhoea) Fertility difficulties Pregnancy losses (15-25%) Preterm labour IUGR Abnormal lie |
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Define Verical fusion defects |
Defective fuson of the caudal end of Mullerian duct and urgential sinus -problems with vaginal canalization |
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Name examples of vertical fusion defects |
Cervical agenesis Transverse vaginal septum Imperforate hymen |
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How do we manage verical fusion defects? |
Surgical correction |
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Name the types of agenesis of Mullerian structures |
Vaginal Fundal Cervical Tuval Combined |
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Define agenisis of mullerian structures |
Failure of Mullerien duct developement i.e. absence of uterus or presence of remnants only -ovaries oresent, normal 46 XX |
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NName the co-morbities present with Mullerian agenesis |
23% of promary amenorrhoea have agenesis 90% form part of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome Renal and skeletal abnormalities may be present |
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How do we manage Mullerian agenesis? |
Vaginoplasty - dilators, excision of rudimentary uterine remnant, counselling |
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What is a didelphus uterus? |
Complete duplication of the uterus |
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How do we manage a didelphus uterus |
Reassurance |
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Define a bicornate uterus |
Incomplete fusion of ducts, thus the external contour of the uterus is indented |
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What are the types of a bicornate uterus? |
Compllete or partial |
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What complications can arise from a bicornate uteris? |
No fertility issues BUT recurrent miscarriages fetal malpresentation intervation rate increased during labour premature laour |
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What is the management of a bicornate uterus |
Metroplasty via laparoty or laparoscopy |
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Define a septate uterus? |
Intrauterine avascular septum of varying lengths - external contour of the uterus normal |
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What are the types of septate uterus? |
Complete of partial |
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What are some complications of a septate uterus? |
Normal fertility BUT poor prgnancy outcome |
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What is the management of a septate uterus? |
Surgical excision of septum - hysteroscopic or laparoscopic - Jones metroplasty |
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Define a unicornate uterus |
Only one duct developed |
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What are the types of unicornate uterus? |
Communicating, non-communicating, no cavity and no horn |
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How do we manage a unicornate uterus? |
Surgery to remove non-communicating functional horn, cervical cerclage may be required |
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Define an arcuate uterus |
Small outcrop in fundus - no external indent NB - considered an anatomic variation |
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How do we manage a arcuate uterus |
Inform and reassure patient |
