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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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First law of thermodynamics
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You cant win.
Total energy of universe is constant, it cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another |
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Second Law of thermodynamics
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All processes tend to run in the direction that leads to maximum disorder
You cant break even |
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Total energy
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q+w
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Expanding gases ...
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cool
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Compressing gases
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warm
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Isobaric process
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constant pressure,
area under graph = work |
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Isochoric
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constant volume, work = 0
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Isothermal
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constant temperature, work = area under curve
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Adiabatic process
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no heat is transfered between system and environment
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Positive entropy
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Randomness increases
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Negative entropy
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Randomness decreases
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Entropy for liquids , solids , gases
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Gases>liquids>solids
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Enthalpy
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measure of heat energy that is released or absorbed when bonds are broken and formed in a rxn with constant pressure
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When a bond is formed, energy...
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Released
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When a bond is broken
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Energy must be put in
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heat of formation, Hf
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Amount of energy needed to make 1 mole of compound from pure natural elements
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Standard state conditions
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298 K (25 C) and 1 atm
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Change in Gibbs Free Energy
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G= H - TS
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-H, +S
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- G, spontaneous
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+H, +S
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at high temp -G, spontaneous
at low temp +G, non spontaneous |
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-H, -S
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at high temp + G, non spontan
at low temp -G, spontaneous |
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+H, -S
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+ G, non spontaneous
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Is thermodynamics same as kinetics
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NO
thermodynamics - STABILITY kinetics - RATE |
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Spontaneeous reaction favors
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products
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Non spontaneous reaction favors
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reactants
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