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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the main currency of the cell? |
ATP or Adenosine triphosphate, is also called as the main energy “currency” of the cell. It is used to power most, if not all of its chemical activities. |
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what makes up atp? |
ATP is a nucleotide attached to a chain of phosphates. In the center is a 5 sugar-ribose attached to the nitrogenous base adenine. |
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how energy released from atp? |
ATP is broken down by means of hydrolysis or adding a water molecule. This breaks ATP down to ADP and releases energy. |
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where does energy the energy from ATP come from? |
The bonds between the phosphate groups in ATP are called phosphoanhydride bonds. These bonds are so called “high energy” bonds, which means that an appreciable amount of energy is released when one of these bonds are broken by hydrolysis. |
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what molecules are formed when ATP is broken down by hydrolysis? |
As a result of hydrolysis of ATP, one phosphate would break off from the chain and produce energy. The once member of the phosphate chain turns into a phosphate molecule, leaving adenosine with two phosphate groups (ADP). |
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how is ATP formed from ADP? |
ATP is regenerated from ADP in the mitochondrion in a process called oxidative phosphorylation. During this process, an addition a phosphate group to ADP regenerates ATP. |
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what are the biological functions of ATP? |
1. mechanical function (movement of cilia and flagella) 2. active transport across plasma membrane 3. synthesis and breakdown of large molecules |
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what are energy coupling? |
Energy coupling or coupled reactions is the transfer of energy from one reaction to another in order to drive the second reaction.Cells make endergonic reactions happen by supplying them with free energy from exergonic reactions. |
