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103 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
first person to describe cells |
Robert Hooke |
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Built a microscope |
Robert Hooke |
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Thin slice of cork“little boxes” which he named cells |
Robert Hooke |
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Since animal cells do not have a cell wall he believed that animals did not have cells |
Robert Hooke |
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looked at pond scum, saw small organisms |
Anton Van Leewenhoek |
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which mean little animals |
Animalcules |
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Today animalcules known as |
Protists |
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Known as the father of microbiology |
Anton Van Leewenhoek |
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Enumerate 3 Cell Theory |
1. All organisms are made of one or more cells2. The cell is the basic unit of all living things3. All cells come from existing cells |
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Who developed Cell Theory |
Matthias Schleiden Theodor Schwann Rodulf Virchow |
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Tool used to view small objects |
Microscope |
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Basic unit of life / living things / organism |
Cell/s |
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Organism composed of one cell are called? |
Unicellular |
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Organism composed of many cells are called? |
Multicellular |
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cells that do not have a nucleus, includes bacteria |
Prokaryotes |
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cells that do have a nucleus, includes plant, fungi, & animals cells |
Eukaryotes |
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a long circular molecule that looks like a rubber band. |
DNA |
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Larger (10x) than prokaryotic cells |
Eukaryotic Cell |
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Eukaryotic Cells these 3 basic cell structures |
1. Nucleus 2. Cytoplasm 3. Cell membrane |
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Enumerate different kinds of animal cells |
1. White blood cells 2. Red blood cells 3. Cheek cells 4. Sperm cells 5. Muscle cell 6. Nerve cell 7. Amoeba 8. Paramecium |
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Different kinds of plant cells |
1. Onion epidermal cells 2. Root hair cells 3. Guard cells |
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A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell |
Cell Wall |
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Plants and algae have a cell wall made of what? |
Cellulose |
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a complex sugar that most animal can’t digest. |
Cellulose |
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Protect and support the enclosed substances |
Cell Wall |
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Resist entry of excess water into the cell |
Cell Wall |
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Give shape to the cell |
Cell Wall |
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a protective barrier that encloses the cell |
Cell Membrane |
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Controls the movement on nutrients and water in and out of the cell |
Cell Membrane |
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Made of protein and phospholipids |
Cell Membrane |
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Selectively Permeable |
Cell Membrane |
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A web of proteins in the cytoplasm |
Cytoskeleton |
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Acts as muscle and skeleton in the cell |
Cytoskeleton |
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Helps some cells move |
Cytoskeleton |
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The organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and is the control center of the cell. |
Nucleus |
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brain of the cell |
Nucleus |
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holds the information stored as DNA and controls cell functions |
Nucleus |
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Has it's own lipid bilayer with special "nuclear pores" regulating in and out movement |
Nucleus |
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Found throughout cytoplasm |
Organelles |
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The organelle in which amino acids are hooked together to make proteins |
Ribosomes |
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Smallest of the organelles. |
Ribosomes |
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Some float freely while others are attached to membranes. |
Ribosomes |
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no ribosomes, located in the cytoplasm |
Smooth ER |
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has ribosomes on its surface & makes proteins to EXPORT, found near nucleus |
Rough ER |
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A system of folded membranes in which proteins, lipids, and other materials are made. |
Endoplasmic Reticulum |
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ribosomes are attached- function is to make the proteins |
Rough ER |
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no ribosomes- function is to make lipids and break down toxic materials that could damage the cell |
Smooth ER |
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The organelle that breaks down sugar and food molecules to make ATP (energy) |
Mitochondira |
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have their own DNA and can divide within a cell |
Mitochondria |
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The power house of the cell |
Mitochondria |
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Site of Cellular respiration |
Mitochondria |
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Burn sugars to produce energy ATP |
Mitochondria |
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The organelle that uses the energy of sunlight to make food |
Chloroplasts |
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where photosynthesis takes place |
Chloroplasts |
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Contain the green pigment chlorophyll |
Chloroplast |
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Traps sunlight to make to make sugars |
Choloroplast |
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Stacks of flattened sacs |
Golgi Bodies |
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Have a shipping side & a receiving side |
Golgi Bodies |
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Receive & modify proteins made by ER |
Golgi Bodies |
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Transport vesicles with modified proteins pinch off the ends |
Golgi Bodies |
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The organelle that processes and transports proteins and other material out of the cell |
Golgi Complex |
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The organelle that store water and other materials |
Vacuole |
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Contain digestive enzymes |
Lysosome |
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Break down food and worn out cell parts for cells |
Lysosome |
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Programmed for cell death |
Lysosome |
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Disappears when cell divides |
Nucleolus |
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Makes ribosomes that make proteins |
Nucleolus |
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Dead Layer |
Cell Wall |
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Living Layer |
Cell Membrane |
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Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell |
Cell Membrane |
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Jelly-like substance enclosed by cell membrane |
Cytoplasm |
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Provides a medium for chemical reactions to take place |
Cytoplasm |
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Contains organelles to carry out specific jobs |
Cytoplasm |
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Large empty spaces present between cellulose fibers |
Cell Wall |
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Freely Permeable |
Cell Wall |
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Made of cellulose which forms very thin fibers |
Cell Wall |
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Help cell divide |
Centriole |
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Food storage of animal cell |
Glycogen |
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Food storage of plant cell |
Starch |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Relatively smaller in size |
Animal Cells |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Relatively larger in size |
Plant Cell |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Irregular shape |
Animal cells |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Regular Shape |
Plant cell |
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(Animal / Plant cell) No cell wall |
Animal cells |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Cell wall present |
Plant cells |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Vacoule cmall or absent |
Animal cells |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Has a large central vacuoles |
Plant cell |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Glycogen as food storage |
Animal cells |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Starch as food storage |
Plant cells |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Nucleus at the center |
Animal cell |
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(Animal / Plant cell) Nucleus near cell wall |
Plant cell |
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A vital phenomena that distinguishes living things from non living things |
Life |
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Enumerate the characteristics of lice |
1. Metabolism 2. Anabolism 3. Growth 4. Respiration 5. Reproduction |
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Branch of science that deals with small objects through the use of microscope |
Microscopy |
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Branch of science that deals with the study of small living things |
Microbiology |
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A hair-like organelle in prokaryotes taht allows it to move |
Flagella / Flagellum |
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Inner tissue of a leaf containing many chloroplasts |
Mesophyll |
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Main transport system or the carrier of water |
Vascular tissue |
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Source of energy for living things |
Carbohydrates |
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3 kinds of carbohydrates |
1. Monosaccharide 2. Disaccharide 3. Polysaccharide |
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Attachment of a cell to the another cell |
Pili |
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Found when a cell undergoes cell division |
Centriole |
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Benefits of being multicellular |
1. Larger size 2. Longer life 3. Specialization |