Fully Explain The Urinary System.

Front 1

Name the function of the urinary system.

Back 1

regulation fluid balance, blood composition, and pH level

Front 2

Structures involved in urinary system.

Back 2

left and right kidney
ureters
urinary bladder
urethra

Front 3

filtration:

Back 3

involves formation of the filtrate (at the renal corpuscle)

Front 4

tubular reabsorption:

Back 4

involves resoption of components of filtrate back into body (99% is reabsorbed) (at PCT, loop henle, DCT, adn collectin duct)

Front 5

tubular sectretion:

Back 5

adding xtra "stuff" to filtrate (at primarily DCT)

Front 6

processes involved in urine formation....name them

Back 6

filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion

Front 7

Control of filtration:

Back 7

afferent arteriole brings unfiltered blood in...filtrate "leaks out" of efferent arteriole into bowmans capsule....within the bowman's capsule the glomerulus: small substances leak out (ca K h2o, aa, glucose, etc) larger substances cannot leak out (rbc, proteins , wbc, platelets)

Front 8

Dehydration affects the filtration process how?

Back 8

causes the constriction of the afferent arteriole which reduces the amt of filtrate and as a result the amt of urine

Front 9

Overhydration affects the filtration process how?

Back 9

causes the constriction of the efferent arteriole which increases the amt of filtrate and as a result the amt of urine

Front 10

pathway of urine formation...

Back 10

glomerulus>bowman's capsule>proximal convoluted tubule(pct)>loop of henle>distal convoluted tubule>collecting duct> minor calyx> (now fluid is known as urine) major calyx> renal pelvis> ureter> urinary bladder>urethra

Front 11

Urinary bladder is composed of....

Back 11

transitional epithelium which allows for stretching and detruser muscle which allows for the emptying of bladder

Front 12

the internal urethral sphincter is under the control of....

Back 12

autonomic NS, when it is stretched it relaxes and causes the urge to urinate

Front 13

the external urethral spincter is under the control of....

Back 13

the somatic NS, allows you to control when to urinate (poddy training muscle)

Front 14

urethra function:

Back 14

female: short passage for urine
male: common passageway for urine and sperm

Front 15

Hormones involved in control of urine production are....

Back 15

renin
ADH
aldosterone
ANP

Front 16

ADH(released by posterior pituitary gland)

Back 16

triggered by dehydration
causes the collecting duct to become more permeable...incr water retention....and decr urine output

Front 17

aldosterone:(released by adrenal gland)

Back 17

triggered by dehydration
causes incr retention Na+...causing water retention....and decr. urine output

Front 18

ANP:(prod by atria of heart)

Back 18

triggered when atria is stretched by incr blood volume....caused decr water retention...and incr urine production

Front 19

Renin (produced by kidney)

Back 19

triggered by hypoxic kidney
renin converts angiotensin to angiotensin 2 which vasoconstricts the efferent arteriole increasing filtrate formation

Front 20

The sympathetic nervous system aids in control of urine production how?

Back 20

decreases the formation of filtrate by vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole....triggered by frightening event or experience