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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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⬇️ Electrolytes
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⬆️ Water
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⬆️ Electrolytes
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⬇️ Water
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Hypertonic |
More concentrated |
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Hypotonic |
More dilute |
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Intracellular Fluid (ICF) amount |
63% of TBW |
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Extracellular Fluid (ECF) |
37% of TBW |
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Extracellular Fluid subcompartments from high to low |
Transcellular ---> Lymph ---> Plasma ---> Interstitial Fluid |
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ICF charge |
overall negative charge |
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ICF charge |
overall positive charge |
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ICF Major Cation |
Potassium (K+) |
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ICF Major Anion |
Proteins (-) |
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ECF Charge |
Overall positive charge |
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ECF Major Cation |
Sodium (Na+) |
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ECF Major Anion |
Chloride (Cl-) HCO-3 (bicarbonate) |
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Osmotic Pressure |
"Pulling" |
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Hydrostatic Pressure |
"Pushing" |
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Regulation of water intake |
Controlled by thirst center in hypothalamus |
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Alcohol |
Inhibits ADH secretion |
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Caffeine |
Inhibits NA+ reabsorption |
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Furosemide (lasix) |
Inhibits NA+ reabsorption |
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Dilute Urine |
⬇️ ADH & Aldosterone and remove excess H2O
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Concentrate Urine |
⬆️ ADH & Aldosterone and store more H2O
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Dehydration |
Hypertonic cells |
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Intoxication |
Hypotonic cells |
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Lung Edema |
Left CHF |
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Peripheral Edema |
Right CHF |
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Importance of Na+ |
Regulating ECF volume and water distribution |
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Na+ balance regulator |
Aldosterone |
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Hyponatremia |
Low Sodium levels; result in hypotonic ECF (water moves in) |
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Hypernatremia |
High Sodium levels; result in hypertonic ECF (water moves out) |
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K+ (Potassium) balance |
Regulated by Aldosterone |
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Hypokalemia |
Low Potassium levels |
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Hyperkalemia |
High Potassium levels |
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Ca²+ Balance |
PTH (raises) and Calcitonin (lowers) |
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Hypocalcemia |
Low Calcium levels; Cardiac arrhythmias & Tremors, convulsions |
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Hypercalcemia |
High Calcium levels; Polyuria, weakness, kidney stones, cardiac arrest, coma |
