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97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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m: fetus and right to life |
-in some instances abortion is ok, usually wrong -need justify -depends on moral status of fetus |
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m: do they have right to life? |
personhood isn't scientific q -wont tell us if egg has mortal status |
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m: anti and pro |
anti: all humans have RL -human fetus is human, has RL pro: -only persons have RL -fetus isn't a person so it doesn't have right to life |
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m: problem with killing |
cause premature death -deprived of a future -deprived of a conscious life |
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m: if someone has a FLO |
it is wrong to kill -fetus have a FLO, killing is wrong |
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m: what makes killing wrong is FLO deprivation, why? |
-matches our considered judgements about misfortune and premature death -explains why killing is the worst crime -peaceful non-human alien |
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m: objection on contraception
m |
FLO, -denying an egg/sperm |
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m: marquis response to contraception |
no, no actual being is deprived of FLO |
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t: philisophical thoughts |
limited offense of abortion -says main premise of anti |
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t: with a baby.... |
mothers rights are also involved |
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t: main premise of anti |
-let us grant that the fetus is a person at conception -doesn't agree -say it's true= no argument -all persons have right to life -so fetus has right to life (must accept) |
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t: people say abortion violates life, her response |
no |
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t: violinist analogy |
right to disconnect -not doing anything don't have right to -not violating -describes rape |
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t: right not to be killed |
right not to be killed unjustly |
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t: does abortion violate the fetus' right to life? |
only if and when killed unjustly |
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t: when is something killed unjustly? |
when its deprived of the use of is something it has right to |
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t: when does it have right to use woman body? |
-when the woman has waved her right -people get rights when given |
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t: circumstance of intercourse? give aright? |
rape-no
wanting/intending to conceive-yes - |
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t: is knowing taking a risk enough, or being responsible? |
-burglar analogy -right has not been given, aborting doesn't violate |
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t: when do we violate fetus' right to life? |
gave fetus right to use body |
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t: is abortion morally wrong? |
yes if you give it the right -no if don't |
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n: distributive (econ) justice |
goods society has to offer |
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n: ex of distributive econ justice |
-shelter -healthcare -community -edu -self-respect -mobility -meaingful work |
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n: wealth |
inheritances, house, what you can own stocks and income |
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n: income |
top % gets more pre-tax income than the bottom 40% |
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n: wages depend on how you live |
-grant on merit -how hard you work -paid according to amount to social goods -benefitting others -hard to say how much we should pay others: depends on values, how hard work is |
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n: libretarian |
a just wage is whatever you get the people to work force -their choice -option available -free market -all acting voluntary |
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n: LC issues with property |
private, individuals and corps. |
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n: SS issues with property |
public, state/gov't |
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n: WS issue with property |
primarily private; some pub |
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n: LC production |
private econ actors -market |
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n: SS production |
state decides, gov't |
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n: WS production |
somemarket; some gov't involvement in distribution and regulation |
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n: LC allocation |
market value of their goods and/or labor -plus gifts -charity distribution |
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n: SS allocation |
what you neeed |
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n: WS allocation |
-market value + gifts -guaranteed publicly funded access to solve resources |
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n: whether there should be WS |
major issue of econ justice |
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n: overall we all-being in capitalism |
-produces highest level of well being -getting needs met -give people what they deserve -respect peoples freedoms |
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n: why does cap seem like this? |
-cap produces goods -produces wealth -different brans ex: deodorant |
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n: what issue does socialism call on cap? |
-not equal -great majority is held by a certain group, won't increase well-being -more happiness if you redistribute -declining marginal utility to people who have a lot |
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n: severe inequalities of capitalism |
-labor market dynamics tend to concentrate wealth among a relative few -gain and losses are quamlative |
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n: labor market: LC |
cheaper the labor-- more profit -produce as much as possible and pay them little -more wealth for owner |
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n: result from labor market |
a lot of wealth from productivity and also very unequal distribution -cap system uses money to make more -poor get more poor |
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n: what people deserve: LC |
- get paid for what they do -inginuity that helps society -market value -desrve; what i produce |
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n: crisitsm of LC |
market value and social good can come apart -just cuz you an produce doesn't mean you're helping society -market valuue doe not equal social/personal value |
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n: cap rewards.. |
-bargaining and prop ownership -critics say who work the hardest to not get rewarded |
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n: critics of cap |
-yes productive but distribution is at top -creates inequalities |
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n: marginalutility |
wasting resources by giving it to people that already have it -if you took that and distribute it to people who needs it, more happiness |
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n: cap response to marginal utility |
-competition from earning wealth promotes high work ethic, max well-being -the incentives in a cap system are what create both high productivity and inequality -can't have productivity w/out unequal distribution -works on self-interest |
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n: cap, the power of fear and desire= |
self interest -need a society for people to be motivated |
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n: socialist response to drawing |
pic has assumptions, people/motivations
-assumption of nature of work -people are overwhelming self-interested -socialist like nah |
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n: in socialism... |
work would be organized differently and everyone would have some option to do something with meaning |
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n: critics of socialism sat they'd work less |
whats wrong with that they get am time -happier are more productive |
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n: welfare state |
mix of both -market system but with taxation w/ some guarantee to resources |
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n: with welfare state.... |
can still work hard and make money but with tax -no one will be poor, basic needs met |
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n: kinds of desert |
institutional and moral |
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n: institutional |
got what the institution says should get |
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n: moral |
what people deserve or don't deserve -personal and human |
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n: personal desert |
varies from person to person- based on what you've done |
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n: human desert: |
feature we all share, equally |
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n: does LC have personal and human desert? |
p: kinda h: no |
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n: does SS have personal and human? |
p: no h: yes |
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personal desert in LC: |
-idea is a reliable connection between market value and desert -determines labor: supply and demand |
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n: how inheritance incompatible |
creates unequal opportunities -undeerstood resources -use stuff for gain -provide undeserved competitive advantages, which then compound across generations |
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n: socialism |
human needs don't usually vary -roughly equal |
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n: why welfare state, best of both worlds |
-provide personal: market still in affect -room to do better or worse depending on effort or contribution -is also provides safety net -can tax but they aren't taking something you "deserve"/"keep" |
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n: LC: freedom based |
-only thing that matters is freedom -entitled to your own holdings -no forced distribution -free market -distributive justice |
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n: LC whats legitimately holding property? |
-aquired it or got it from someone else
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n: LC where do private property rights come with the state of nature? |
-mix labor and becomes mine -certain restrictions |
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n: LC how to exchange property? |
give it or offer -voluntary, no one can deceive or take it -no gov't; taxation=theft |
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n: negative freedom |
ne freedom to go to a store and go to buy food cuz no one is stopping me -im free to do X so long as no one is stopping me from x-ing -im free not to do y so long as no one is forcing me to do y |
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n: importance of neg freedom |
everyone agrees it's good |
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n: positive right |
free to access -ex: pub edu |
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n: why is neg freedom not enough? |
-need ability to do stuff WITH resources |
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n: critism LC conception is |
purely neg -narros -liberty can undermine liberty (the freer you are the less freer others are) -other peoples liberties can be affected -trade off |
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n: socialist responds to mergers |
negative affects on others -affect small business -inhibits competition -bigger corp is more powerful they have |
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n: what can happen if gov't limits merger? |
-increase freedom |
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n: social security |
force and redistribution -shoud be able to contribute or not |
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n: how might someone argue SS? |
allows old people to live independently -enables people to be lazy -set a safety net -it's a net increase in freedom |
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movie: 1970s flat wages, why? |
women entering workforce -tech advances -immigrants -offshore production -hella profit, not paying workers |
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movie: results for workers |
-workers borrow -work more |
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movie: reuslt for busieness |
-lend $$ to workers -mergers -pay themselves -put it in banks, then have a lot of $$ |
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n: socialism: neg and positive freedom |
doesn't mean we'll be more free |
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n: problem with cap |
ineqaulity |
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n: problem with socialism |
-gov't controls distribution and production -powerful enough for tyranny -depend on gov't |
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n: ex of pros with socialism |
stalin |
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n: contributing factors to stalin |
-gov't power control and distribution -imperialism/cologialism -resource extraction -resistance----crackdown -highly authoritarian, highly centralized |
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n: conclude from stalin |
foolish to ignore BUT also important ways freedom isn't all in cap
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n: CWS |
state distributes resources/goods needed for a decent level of well being to everyone -have necessities w/out extravagant -edu, health care, food
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n: CWS with this.. |
not an exact number but there IS a floor where people can't drop but not a cieling |
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n: what is a CWS |
provide decent life for everyone -what people need depends on society |
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n: how do we know CWS isn't socialism? |
-no ceiling so there are inequalities -you can have high wealth but everyone must have enough for a decent life -provided that the wealthy can't monopolize |
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n: why does cws do well with freedom? |
don't have people desperate enough to do awful jobs -have freedom to say no -they become freer with a safety net |
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n: CWS dependency a neg characteristic trait |
-not always true -wealthy are not self sufficient either -inheritance -stocks/bonds -workers -we are ALL dependent |
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n: even LC have dependency |
police |
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n: guaranteed income would undermine peoples moviation, yay or nay? |
-more motivation to work -no ceiling---still plenty of incentive -not forced -but we don't really know |
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n: people who do not work do not deserve any resources, yay or nay? |
-people who make objection but people are getting resources while working -ex: inheritance |
