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128 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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The jejunum is distal end of the Si |
False |
Si=small intestine |
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The gallbladder makes bile |
False The liver makes the bile the gallbladder stores the bile. |
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HCL has a high P.H |
False This is because HCL has a very low acidic level |
HCL=Hydrochloride |
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Villi are found in the liver |
False They are found in the intestines |
Think hair |
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Fermented carbohydrates increase HCL production |
False |
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Methane gas is a result of protein breakdown |
False Food breakdown in general |
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Peristalsis is lack of blood flow |
False Peristalsis is involuntary relaxation and constriction of muscle movement |
Moving arm up and down |
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Commensal bacteria are pathological |
False Normal flora in the body |
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Hyper motility is constipation |
False Hypo= slow/low=no ***** Hyper=Fast/High=***** |
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The pancreas is in the left upper quadrant |
True |
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The gallbladder is in the upper right quadrant |
True |
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GERD may present with sub sternal pain |
True |
Heart attack symptoms |
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Weight gain is a possible of LDO rectal cancer |
False Extreme weight loss |
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Five signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer |
Hyper/ hypo motility Weight loss Blood in stool Continuous bloating/ abdominal discomfort |
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3 screening test for colorectal cancer |
Stool samples |
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Five diagnostic test for colorectal cancer |
MRI CAT scan Colonoscopy Scope Biopsy |
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Valsalvas maneuver |
Going number 2 |
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Hypothalamus |
Located below the thalamus Near pituitary gland Thermoregulation=body temperature |
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Vitamin K |
Antidote to anticoagulants Clots blood |
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Sphincters |
Flaps Aides in digestion of food Open and closes during digestion |
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Vagus nerve |
Controls motility |
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Chyme |
Enzyme Passes from stomach to small intestine Acidic fluid |
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Medulla oblongata |
Long stem structure located in brain stem Cone shaped In charge of involuntary functions |
Breathing, digestion , sneezing |
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Gallbladder |
Bile is stored here Beneath the liver Gallbladder-liver-intestine in digestion order |
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Symbiosis |
A mutual beneficial relationship between living organisms |
Probiotics |
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H.Pylori |
Pathogenic disease Causes ulcers Infection |
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Idiopathic means fast acting |
False Idiopathic Relating to a disease or condition that occurs spontaneously |
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Psychotropic drugs are used to lose weight |
False Psychotropic drugs are antipsychotics |
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D.J.D is a autoimmune disease ? |
False D.J.D- degenerate joint disease Osteoarthritis Inflammation Breakdown of joints Not autoimmune |
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Heart disease. Has a strong nutritional component |
True Food effects everything in the body . |
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Phytochemical’s cause eating disorders |
False- Protect cell damage Found in plants “Phyto=plants” |
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Anabolic pathways release substantial energy |
False Construct molecules Requires energy Does not release energy |
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Vitamins build muscular tissue |
True |
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Necrosis is cell spread |
False Death of all or most cells due to injury blood loss etc |
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Sclerosis means to narrow |
False Means to Harden Stenosis-narrow |
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Infarctions are local blood vessel dilations |
False Obstruction of blood supply from organ to organ |
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Hemoglobin is a component of erythrocytes |
True Erythrocytes= red blood cells |
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Cholesterol is only through animal foods |
False Humans / food |
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Zinc is a major mineral |
False Trace mineral |
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Sulfur is a trace mineral |
False Major mineral |
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Magnesium is of mineral use to the body |
False |
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Vitamin B12 is stored in the liver |
False Kidney |
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Vitamin c is the sunshine vitamin |
False Vitamin d is sunshine vitamin |
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Homeostasis means suppressed or minimal |
False Means stable equilibrium |
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What are the two pathways of metabolism and what are their specific functional properties? |
Anabolic-constructive Catabolic- Destruction
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Name 3 diseases caused bu sever deficiencies or toxicities |
Anemia Hypocalcemia Brittle bones |
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Four fat soluble vitamins |
Vitamins A,D,K and E |
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Four trace minerals |
Zinc, iron, Magnesium, copper,selenium |
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Name 3 conditions nutrition plays some role |
Osteoporosis Osteoarthritis Some forms of cancer |
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Four water soluble vitamins |
Vitamin c , vitamin B ,niacin,biotin,folic acid |
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What 2 major specific cardiac functions are altered by obesity |
Arethosclrosis- hardening of the arteries . Coronary artery disease |
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Carbohydrate |
Macronutrient needed to produce energy in the body |
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Artherosclerosis |
Hardening of the arteries |
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Ischemia |
Inadequate blood supply to an organ |
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UL |
Journal patient intake food journal |
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Homeostasis |
Staying the same |
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Scurvy |
Vitamin C deficiency |
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Macronutrients |
Carbohydrate required in large amounts to produce energy |
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Polypeptide |
Part of a protein Amino acid chain |
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Catabolism |
Destruction |
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Psychotropic |
Antipsychotic drugs |
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Monosaccharide |
Glucose |
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Hypoglycemic |
Palpitations Shaky Irritable Lethargic |
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Gluconeogensis |
Protein breakdown Uptake of amino acid by the liver Creates glucose |
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Increased fiber intake |
Dehydration |
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Sucrose |
Disaccharide |
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Glucose and glucose mack lactose |
False Glucose and galactose make lactose |
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The endosperm contains carbos and protein |
True |
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The storage form of glucose in plants is fiber |
False Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in plants |
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Bran in grain contains healthful plants |
False Bran- Hard outer layer of wheat kernel |
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Enamel is thick and translucent |
False Enamel is thick and translucent |
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Excessive fiber intake interrupts calcium absorption |
True Excessive fiber interferes with the body ability to absorb nutrients |
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Bacteria that thrives on protein causes tooth decay |
False |
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Pus includes erythrocytes |
False Erythrocytes- red blood cell Only white blood cells or leukocytes and neutrophils are found in puss |
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Cholesterol uptake can be delayed by the presence of high fiber carbos |
False |
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Fructose is a disaccharide |
False Fructose is a monosaccharides |
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Amino acids may be converted into glucose in the liver |
True |
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Lactose is a monosaccharide |
False It is a Disaccharide |
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Hypoglycemia may cause arrhythmias |
True |
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Glucagon is produced by secreting alpha cells |
True |
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Fructose is part of sucrose |
True |
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3 benefits of fiber rich diets |
Decrease risk of obesity Decrease risk of heart disease Decrease risk of diabetes |
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What 3 blood changes would you find with an abscessed tooth condition ? |
Discolored teeth Bad breath Pain Swelling Leukocytes Netriphils Swelling |
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What 3 Blood changes would you expect to see in a patient with a diet high in added sugar |
High lipid levels Cholesterol Lipoproteins |
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Gluconeogenesis |
Breakdown of proteins Uptake of amino acids Happens in the liver
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Diverticulosis |
Inflammation in the intestines causing bowel pockets |
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Beta cells |
Insulin producing cells |
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Glucagon |
Blood glucose levels are low Pancreas secrets Hormone glucagon from the alpha cells into blood stream |
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Enterocytes |
Intestinal absorptive cells Epithelial cells Contains digestive enzymes |
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Hypoglycemia |
Lethargic palpitations dizziness Extreme Low blood sugar |
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Enamel |
Anamentame |
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Palpitation |
Arrhythmia |
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Alpha cells |
Cells in the pancreas Secrets peptide hormone 20% of the islet cells |
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Glycogenolysis |
Glucagon stimulates liver Converts stored glycogen into glucose Released into blood stream and transported for energy |
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Amino group |
Contains basic nitrogen atoms Functional compound groups |
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Glycemic index |
A chart that shows the daily intake of sugar. |
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Saturated fats are in soy oil ? |
False Its has unsaturated fats in it “Polyunsaturated” |
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Glycerol is an organic acid |
False It is an alcohol of three carbon atoms. Backbone of a triglyceride |
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A fatty acid forms the backbone of a triglyceride? |
False An alcohol forms the back bone of a triglyceride “Glycerol” |
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Butter is a polyunsaturated fatty acid |
False Butter is a saturated fatty acid |
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Olive oil is a monounsaturated fatty acid |
True |
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Salmon is low in omega-3 fatty acid |
False It is high in omega-3 |
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Essential fatty acids help regulate sleep cycles |
False Essential fatty acids help regulate GI motility ,blood clotting blood pressure and inflammation. |
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Alpha-linolenic acid is found in fish |
True |
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Phospholipids contain many fatty acid segments |
False Major components of cell membrane |
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Sterols include cholesterol |
True |
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Cholesterol is used to synthesize steroids |
True |
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Trans fatty acids are useful in reducing LDLS |
False They are useful in raising LDLs |
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Eggs contain sterols |
True |
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Hydrogenated oils are found in vegetables shortenings |
True |
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Partially hydrogenated oils are found in salmon |
False The are found in baked goods . Cakes pies cookies etc |
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A vascular fatty streak begins with immune cell arrival |
True |
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Phospholipids are found in the cell membrane |
True |
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Name 3 hormones which cholesterol makes? |
Testosterone estrogen progesterone |
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Name 4 important functions of fat |
Energy Protects organs Supports body function Transport fat soluble vitamins |
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Name 3 phospholipids |
Omega-3 Phosphate Phospholipids |
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Name 4 key functions which essential fatty acids regulate |
GI motility Blood clotting Blood pressure Inflammation |
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Lipoprotein |
Double carbon bond |
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Triglyceride |
Three fatty acids |
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HDL |
Good cholesterol made in the body and food |
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Sterols |
Lipid found in food and the body Ring structure Cholesterol is the most common sterol |
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Glycerol |
Alcohol composed of three carbon atoms |
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Infarction |
Obstruction of the blood supply to the organ |
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Neutrophil |
White blood cell Part of of the immune system |
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Stenosis |
Narrowing in a blood vessel |
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Atherosclerosis |
Abnormal hardening of blood vessel |
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Hair loss is seen in Kwashiorkor |
True |
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Electrolyte imbalance is not seen is marasmus |
False It is seen it |
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