Final Exam

Front 1

population

Back 1

a group of one species that live in the same place and enviorment

Front 2

a theory

Back 2

speculation or assumption (hypothosis) that has not been verified

Front 3

abiotic

Back 3

anything that is non-living

Front 4

acid

Back 4

anything with a PH lower than 7-more H ions than OH ions

Front 5

active transport

Back 5

molecular movement that depends on imput of energy

Front 6

adenine

Back 6

one of the bases that form part of a nucleotide and the structures that are in dna chains.

Front 7

ATP/adenosine triphosphate

Back 7

contains energy, composed of sugar

Front 8

alleles

Back 8

alternative forms of a gene

Front 9

ammonia

Back 9

NH3 nitrogen and hydrogen
gas that is soluble in water

Front 10

electron

Back 10

negatively charged particle that spins around the nucleus

Front 11

element

Back 11

can be broken down chemically into other substances

Front 12

isotope

Back 12

?

Front 13

orbital shell

Back 13

?

Front 14

anaerobic

Back 14

doesnt require oxygen

Front 15

analogous traits

Back 15

same function not the same history/ convergent evolution

Front 16

angiosperm

Back 16

flowering plants

Front 17

aphids

Back 17

insects that feed on plants
6 legs, anthropods

Front 18

atom

Back 18

matter that cannot be subdivided without losing essential properties

Front 19

atomic nuclei

Back 19

?

Front 20

atomic number

Back 20

number of protons in the nucleus

Front 21

atomic weight

Back 21

neutrons and protons

Front 22

bacteria

Back 22

ribosomes

Front 23

base

Back 23

PH higher than 7

Front 24

beetles

Back 24

?

Front 25

behavior

Back 25

actions performed by an organism in response to the enviorment or other organisms/ can be selected for natural selection

Front 26

biological species concept

Back 26

?

Front 27

biome

Back 27

large areas like tropical areas or deserts

Front 28

biotic

Back 28

living portion of an ecosystem

Front 29

butterflys

Back 29

arthopods, 4 wings

Front 30

calvin cycle

Back 30

1.)in photosynthesis light reaction-gives of energy
2.)CO2 to organic energy

Front 31

carbohydrate

Back 31

sugars and their polymers

Front 32

carbon dioxide

Back 32

CO2 life cycle

Front 33

cell

Back 33

molucule of life

Front 34

cell wall

Back 34

protects and gives shape to cell
bacteria-pepticglycan
plants-cellulose
fungi-chitin
prokaryotic-peptidoglycan
animal-dont have one

Front 35

central dogma

Back 35

explains flow of info from one molucule to the next
DNA>RNA>protein

Front 36

centriole

Back 36

helps in cell division

Front 37

centromere

Back 37

holds cromatids together
/*/

Front 38

cephalopoda

Back 38

squid,octopus

Front 39

cholesterol

Back 39

lipid,non-polar

Front 40

chromosomes

Back 40

carry information, 23 pair dipoid #

Front 41

class

Back 41

domain-3
kingdom,phylium,class,
order,family,genus,species

Front 42

community

Back 42

biotic factor within a ecosystem

Front 43

concentration gradient

Back 43

[HIGH] to [LOW]

Front 44

conclusions

Back 44

only after the end of an experiment

Front 45

conifer

Back 45

gymnosperms/seedless vascular
oldest and tallest are conifers

Front 46

control group

Back 46

compare results
group of subjects not being studied

Front 47

convergent evolution

Back 47

converge into analogeous structures

Front 48

covalent bond

Back 48

strongest chemical bond, shares electron pairs

Front 49

crossing over

Back 49

exchange of genetics/recombination
non-sister chromatids in prophase I of mitosis

Front 50

cuttlefish

Back 50

?

Front 51

cycads

Back 51

plants,gymnosperms

Front 52

cytokinesis

Back 52

stage after mitosis.forms 2 cells

Front 53

cytoplasm

Back 53

fluid that fills the inside of a cell
in eukaryotes cytoplasm contains the cell

Front 54

cytosine

Back 54

in DNA and RNA

Front 55

molecular oxygen 02

Back 55

what humans require

Front 56

daughter cells

Back 56

2 of them, at the end of mitosis, 46 daughter cells and in miosis there are 4 and they are all genetically different

Front 57

diffusion

Back 57

movement of molucules from high to low

Front 58

dipoid

Back 58

2 sets of chromosomes

Front 59

directional selection

Back 59

one extreme trait-turkeys became to large cannot mate anymore

Front 60

disruptive selection

Back 60

selecting from both extremes

Front 61

disulfide bridges

Back 61

stabilizes structure of protein

Front 62

dominat gene

Back 62

?

Front 63

earthworm

Back 63

annelids

Front 64

ecology

Back 64

study of biotic and abiotic factors

Front 65

ecosystem

Back 65

community of biological organisms and non-living components where organisms interact

Front 66

electrical charge

Back 66

?

Front 67

enthalpy and entropy

Back 67

total and lost energy
15% oil 85% lost energy in a car

Front 68

eukaryotic cells

Back 68

membrane bound organelles

Front 69

evolution

Back 69

change in alleles, change in frequencys in population

Front 70

fermentation

Back 70

process electrons

Front 71

ferns

Back 71

plant,vascular,no seeds or roots

Front 72

fertilization

Back 72

fusion of gametes

Front 73

flagella

Back 73

cell body of a prokaryote that aid in cell movement

Front 74

flatworms

Back 74

?

Front 75

gametes

Back 75

are in sex cells;haploid

Front 76

gene flow

Back 76

migration cells one population to another

Front 77

genes

Back 77

stretch of DNA>protein

Front 78

genetic drift

Back 78

random change in allele frequencies over generations;a cause of evolution

Front 79

genetic material

Back 79

?

Front 80

genetic variation

Back 80

mutation,crossing over,random segregation of chromosomes

Front 81

genetics

Back 81

heritable variation

Front 82

genus

Back 82

developed by carolus linnaeus;closely related species ex:race,family

Front 83

geology

Back 83

study of the earth

Front 84

ginkgos

Back 84

gymneosperm,vascular,
seed plants

Front 85

glycolosis

Back 85

beginning of breakdown of sugar

Front 86

glycoproteins

Back 86

?

Front 87

gnetophytes

Back 87

gymnosperms

Front 88

golgi apparatus

Back 88

tells proteins where to go

Front 89

Gregor Mendel

Back 89

pea plants;father of genetics

Front 90

guanine

Back 90

DNA & RNA

Front 91

gymnosperms

Back 91

vascular plants that do not produce seeds in protective structure, cone like structure

Front 92

haploid

Back 92

single copy of each chromosome 1 set

Front 93

Harold Urey

Back 93

model of atmosphere

Front 94

heterozygous

Back 94

geneotype of a trait which 2 alleles differ from eachother

Front 95

homologous

Back 95

features inherited from a common ancestor
same genetic history but may have different function

Front 96

hybridization

Back 96

interbreeding of closely related species

Front 97

hydrogen bonds

Back 97

weak bond, attracted to anything negitivly charged

Front 98

hydrophilic

Back 98

attracted to water, polar molecules that form hydrogen bonds with water

Front 99

hydrophobic

Back 99

repelled by water;does not dissolve in water,non-polar

Front 100

hypertonic

Back 100

higher concentration of solutes

Front 101

hypotonic

Back 101

low solute concentration

Front 102

incomplete dominance

Back 102

both alleles are expressed
AB blood type

Front 103

ion

Back 103

carries postive or neg. electrical charge
electron # does not equal proton #

Front 104

isotonic

Back 104

equal solute concentrations

Front 105

lipid bilayers

Back 105

phospholipids

Front 106

lysosome

Back 106

breakdown organic enzymes