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19 Cards in this Set

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FSH ovary

Stimulates development of ovarian follicle

FSH triggers release of
Estrogen - proliferation of glands (primed for implantation)

LH ovary

Stimulates ovulation from follicle

LH triggers release of

Progesterone - prepares endometrium for implantation

Leiomyoma of uterus

Uterine fibroids - benign tumors of myometrium smooth muscle - small tumors asymptomatic, large tumors mass effect

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)

Abnormal bleeding in absence of lesion - caused by failure of ovulation

Endometrial hyperplasia

Excess of estrogen (unopposed) for prolonged periods of time - causes endometrial growth

Endometrial carcinoma 2 types

Endometrioid carcinoma, serous carcinoma

Endometrioid carcinoma

Arises in background of hyperplasia - estrogen dependent - pre-menopause

Serous carcinoma

Arises in background of atrophic endometrium - P53 mutation, high grade - estrogen independent - post-menopause

Carcinoma of cervix early detection by

Papanicolaou (pap) smear

Carcinoma of cervix cause

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Carcinoma of cervix originates in

Transformation zone (endocervix meets exocervix) - squamous cell carcinoma

PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) in

Chlamydia and gonorrhea

Fibrocystic change

Exaggeration and distortion of cyclical breast changes in menstrual cycle - fibrosis - either nonproliferative or proliferative

Fibrocystic change difficult to distinguish from

Malignancy

Fibroadenoma

Benign breast tumor in young females - exaggerated response to sex hormones (especially estrogen)

Carcinoma of breast risk factora

Prolonged exposure to estrogen (early menarche, late menopause) - nulliparous women (never carried child beyond 20 weeks)

Infiltrating duct carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma with desmoplastic reaction, tumor is firm and gritty, retraction of nipple